scholarly journals FROM TRANSFORMATION TO IDIOSYNCRATIC MODERNISATION SHIFTING ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE RE-SHAPING OF CENTRAL EAST AND EAST EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim BÜRKNER
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
East Europe ◽  
East European ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Empirical Approaches

After two decades of studies on the transformation of Central and East European regions and societies, most scientific communities seem to have normalised their theoretical concepts and empirical approaches. Leaving former exceptionalist views on systemic transition, convergence and hybridisation, and heading for “business as usual” as found in any society integrated into the world market or exposed to globalisation, they presently give the impression that transformation studies are coming to an end. This paper undertakes a review of the past phases of transformation studies in order to identify research gaps and necessities of further research on social and regional development as influenced by inherited or hybridised structural and cultural elements. It makes a point in favour of abandoning the convergence debate for more context-sensitive analyses of social change and societal restructuring, in particular with regard to structural fragmentation and cultural hybridisation.

scholarly journals Preface: The Historical Geography of the Hungarian Nation

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Andrew Ludanyi
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World War ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
East European ◽  
The Past ◽  
French And English ◽  
The Subject

The fate of Hungarian minorities in East Central Europe has been one of the most neglected subjects in the Western scholarly world. For the past fifty years the subject—at least prior to the late 1980s—was taboo in the successor states (except Yugoslavia), while in Hungary itself relatively few scholars dared to publish anything about this issue till the early 1980s. In the West, it was just not faddish, since most East European and Russian Area studies centers at American, French and English universities tended to think of the territorial status quo as “politically correct.” The Hungarian minorities, on the other hand, were a frustrating reminder that indeed the Entente after World War I, and the Allies after World War II, made major mistakes and significantly contributed to the pain and anguish of the peoples living in this region of the “shatter zone.”

Aspects of the geomorphology, genesis and environmental significance of earth hummocks (thúfur, pounus): miniature cryogenic mounds

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Grab
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Environmental Significance ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal Morphology ◽  
Differential Frost Heave ◽  
Made In

Miniature varieties of cryogenic mounds that are capable of forming in seasonally frozen ground are commonly referred to as earth hummocks (e.g., North America), thúfur (e.g., Greenland and Iceland) and pounus (Fennoscandia). Over the past few decades there has been a consistent interest to study earth hummocks from a variety of environmental settings. This review summarizes the current knowledge of earth hummocks, highlighting aspects on the external and internal morphology, and thermal characteristics, which may assist to explain hummock formation. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the genesis of earth hummocks, including the ‘cryoexpulsion’ of clasts, hydrostatic and cryostatic pressure, cellular circulation, and differential frost heave. These hypotheses are critically evaluated and some research gaps identified. It emerges that considerable advances have been made towards an improved understanding of earth hummock development, modification and disintegration. Much progress has been made in the application of earth hummock studies to a variety of environmental research approaches such as palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and assessing their impact on hillslope drainage.

A Comprehensive Literature Review on Construction Project Risk Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermias Tesfaye ◽  
Eshetie Berhan ◽  
Daniel Kitaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Project Risk Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to present the chronological development of risk assessment techniques and models undertaken in construction project for the past two decades. This research used a systematic review and meta-analysis on risk assessment of construction project literatures. This includes browsing relevant researches and publications, screening articles based on the year of publication, identifying the domains and attributes. Accordingly, findings of major results achieved have been presented systematically based on the chronology of the research and research gaps are identified. From the review, it is found out that the dominant risk assessment tools used for the past twenty years is statistical analysis and fuzzy expert system.

scholarly journals Selecting of Polymorphic Loci of Genome for Identification of Populations of Pinus sylvestris L. on East-Europe Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Ya. Prishnivskaya ◽  
E. Nassonova ◽  
Yu. Vasileva ◽  
S. Boronnikova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
East European ◽  
Molecular Genetic Identification

10 pairs of primers from 8 related Pinus sylvestris L. populations collected on East-European plain to 10 genes and 4 primer’s pairs to 4 loci of uncoding clDNA regions. 2 loci of uncoding clDNA regions (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) were selected from tested 14 primer’s pairs. These two loci are most polymorphic and has homologous consistencies in data bases. Therefore, these loci is recommended for molecular–genetic identification of related Pinus sylvestris L. populations on East–European plain.

scholarly journals Trends on the Artificial Fertilizer Market and in Fertilizers Use in Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Gergő Ács
Keyword(s):  
Base Material ◽  
World Market ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Base

The fertilizer market in Hungary is rather concentrated, which has a strong influence on the price of the fertilizer. Our domestic fertilizer use is primarily determined by that of nitrogen. The use of phosphorus is also significant but the trends in the use of potassium do not match the total quantities applied in individual years. Consequently, it can be concluded that the majority of farmers still focus on the application of nitrogen and also apply phosphorus but either neglect or do not pay enough attention to potassium fertilization. The changes in fertilizer prices between 2006 and 2017 can be broken down into two periods. Until 2012 a very important and dynamic increase was observed as a result of which the prices of N, P and K fertilizers increased by 80-120%, 160% and about 120%, respectively. This was followed by a downturn in the market and in relation to 2012 prices there were 20-30/ decreases experienced until 2017 but the rate of this lagged behind the prices in other European countries. Owing to this trend the prices of N, P and K have increased by 60%, 100% and 80%, respectively, over the past ten years. The correlation between fertilizer application and the prices of fertilizers in any given year is low but there is a positive one observed between fertilizer application and the fertilizer prices in the preceding year. This means supposedly that farmers mostly buy the fertilizers they wish to apply not in the current but in the preceding year and store them until these are applied. There is a strong correlation seen between fertilizer prices and the prices of corn and wheat, which means that fertilizer traders also keep tabs on economic results and also increase fertilizer prices under the influence of higher prices. Furthermore, it can be claimed that there is no correlation between crude oil prices on the world market and domestic N fertilizer prices. This is an important factor since the primary base material of N fertilizers is natural gas and their production involves considerable energy costs as well. It can be seen, however, that this is not what determines our domestic fertilizer prices, which can be explained by the fact that the price calculations by the determining actors on the Hungarian fertilizer market is not based on costs but on the demand. JEL Classification: Q13

scholarly journals Miscelânea sobre a paz

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-510
Author(s):  
Johan Galtung
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Social Democrat ◽  
East Europe ◽  
East European ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Willy Brandt ◽  
To Come ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
The Right

O texto colige três pequenos textos do pensador norueguês das relações internacionais Johan Galtung, que abordam seus recidivos temas da paz, da pesquisa sobre a paz e dos direitos humanos. O primeiro texto trata de uma homenagem pelos 20 anos da morte do estadista social-democrata alemão Willy Brandt (1913-1992), por cuja política para com o Leste Europeu no final dos anos 1960 (Ostpolitik), que levara à distensão com aqueles países, e futuramente à unificação alemã, recebera o prêmio Nobel da Paz em 1971. O segundo texto apresenta o projeto Hexágono TRANSCEND, cujo objetivo é estudar a geopolítica hexagonal contemporânea, considerando que os grandes polos geopolíticos do mundo atual seriam os EUA, a UE, a Rússia, a China, a Índia e a OMC, todos os quais possuidores de aspectos negativos e positivos, cujo estudo deverá se basear no método triádico diagnóstico-prognóstico-terapia. O terceiro texto foi escrito para o 6º Fórum Social, dedicado à discussão dos 10 artigos da Declaração das Nações Unidas sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento (1986), focado no tema dos direitos humanos. Abstract: This paper group three short texts wrote by the Norwegian international relations thinker Johan Galtung, who brought up the peace theme, researching peace and human rights. The first text is about a tribute to the 20th death anniversary of Willy Brandt (1913-1992), German social-democrat statesman, whose policy for the east Europe in the end of 60s (Ostopolitik), which brought dissention to east European countries, and, in time to come, the German unification, received  the Nobel prize in 1971. The second text presents the hexagon project TRANSCEND, whose objective is study the contemporary hexagonal geopolitics, considering that the world's great geopolitics core would be USA, UE, Russia, China, India and the WTO, all bearers of positive and negative aspects, based on diagnoses-prognoses-therapy triadic method. The third text was written to the 6th Social Forum, meeting dedicated to discuss the 10 articles of the United Nations Declaration on the right to development (1986), focusing the human rights theme

Introduction: Current perspectives on positive polarity

Linguistics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-300
Author(s):  
Mingya Liu ◽  
Gianina Iordăchioaia
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Negative Polarity ◽  
Positive Polarity ◽  
Negative Polarity Items ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Polarity Items ◽  
The Past ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Polarity sensitivity has been an established key topic of linguistic research for more than half a century. The study of polarity phenomena can be extremely revealing about the internal structure of a language, as they usually involve an interaction at the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics. In the past, most attention was paid to negative polarity items. However, recent years have witnessed a growing interest in positive polarity items. As a continuation of this trend, this issue collects four papers dedicated to positive polarity items, which enrich the empirical domain with novel observations from different languages and appeal to diverse theoretical concepts such as scalarity and presupposition in their modeling of positive polarity. The results show that positive polarity is a distributional phenomenon that has different sources and most likely cannot be modeled in a unifying way, although there may be subsets of positive polarity items that allow unifying accounts.

scholarly journals What influences PhD graduate trajectories during the degree: a research-based policy agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1043
Author(s):  
Lynn McAlpine ◽  
Montserrat Castello ◽  
Kirsi Pyhaltö
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Doctoral Programs ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
The Past ◽  
Timely Completion ◽  
Systematized Review ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Doctoral Experience

AbstractDuring the past two decades, PhD graduate numbers have increased dramatically with graduates viewed by governments as a means to advance the knowledge economy and international competitiveness. Concurrently, universities have also invested in policies to monitor satisfaction, retention, and timely completion—and researchers have expanded the study of PhD experience. We, as such researchers, have increasingly received invitations from university decision-makers to present research evidence which might guide their doctoral programs. Their interest provoked us to do a qualitative systematized review of research on doctoral experience—seeking evidence of practices that influenced retention, satisfaction, and completion. The result contributes a synthesis of the critical research evidence that could be used to inform doctoral education policy. We also demonstrate the possibilities of such evidence by suggesting some potential recommendations, while recognizing that there is no direct relationship between research results and their transformation into particular institutional contexts in ways that enhance doctoral experience. We hope our initiative will be taken up and extended by other researchers, particularly the research gaps we note, so we can collectively support the use of research evidence to influence both doctoral policies and practices—with the goal to better prepare PhD researchers for their futures and better support their supervisors.

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