Effects of Exogenous ABA and 6-BA on Protein Content and Grain Filling Process in Different Types of Stay-Green Wheat

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Qing YANG ◽  
Yu-Ling LI ◽  
Ying-Li NI ◽  
Yan-Ping YIN ◽  
Wei-Bing YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Exogenous Aba ◽  
Different Types

Effects of Exogenous ABA and 6-BA on Flag Leaf Senescence in Different Types of Stay-Green Wheat and Relevant Physiological Mechanisms

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Qing YANG ◽  
Zhen-Lin WANG ◽  
Yan-Ping YIN ◽  
Ying-Li NI ◽  
Wei-Bing YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Exogenous Aba ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Rising Atmospheric Temperature Impact on Wheat and Thermotolerance Strategies

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Adeel Khan ◽  
Munir Ahmad ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed ◽  
M. Iftikhar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Seed Formation

Temperature across the globe is increasing continuously at the rate of 0.15–0.17 °C per decade since the industrial revolution. It is influencing agricultural crop productivity. Therefore, thermotolerance strategies are needed to have sustainability in crop yield under higher temperature. However, improving thermotolerance in the crop is a challenging task for crop scientists. Therefore, this review work was conducted with the aim of providing information on the wheat response in three research areas, i.e., physiology, breeding, and advances in genetics, which could assist the researchers in improving thermotolerance. The optimum temperature for wheat growth at the heading, anthesis, and grain filling duration is 16 ± 2.3 °C, 23 ± 1.75 °C, and 26 ± 1.53 °C, respectively. The high temperature adversely influences the crop phenology, growth, and development. The pre-anthesis high temperature retards the pollen viability, seed formation, and embryo development. The post-anthesis high temperature declines the starch granules accumulation, stem reserve carbohydrates, and translocation of photosynthates into grains. A high temperature above 40 °C inhibits the photosynthesis by damaging the photosystem-II, electron transport chain, and photosystem-I. Our review work highlighted that genotypes which can maintain a higher accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, expression of heat shock proteins, stay green and antioxidant enzymes activity viz., catalase, peroxidase, super oxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase can tolerate high temperature efficiently through sustaining cellular physiology. Similarly, the pre-anthesis acclimation with heat treatment, inorganic fertilizer such as nitrogen, potassium nitrate and potassium chloride, mulches with rice husk, early sowing, presoaking of a 6.6 mM solution of thiourea, foliar application of 50 ppm dithiothreitol, 10 mg per kg of silicon at heading and zinc ameliorate the crop against the high temperature. Finally, it has been suggested that modern genomics and omics techniques should be used to develop thermotolerance in wheat.

Developmental and physiological traits associated with high yield and stay-green phenotype in wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Christopher ◽  
A. M. Manschadi ◽  
G. L. Hammer ◽  
A. K. Borrell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Water availability is a key limiting factor in wheat production in the northern grain belt of Australia. Varieties with improved adaptation to such conditions are actively sought. The CIMMYT wheat line SeriM82 has shown a significant yield advantage in multi-environment screening trials in this region. The objective of this study was to identify the physiological basis of the adaptive traits underpinning this advantage. Six detailed experiments were conducted to compare the growth, development, and yield of SeriM82 with that of the adapted cultivar, Hartog. The experiments were undertaken in field environments that represented the range of moisture availability conditions commonly encountered by winter crops grown on the deep Vertosol soils of this region. The yield of SeriM82 was 6–28% greater than that of Hartog, and SeriM82 exhibited a stay-green phenotype by maintaining green leaf area longer during the grain-filling period in all environments where yield was significantly greater than Hartog. However, where the availability of deep soil moisture was limited, SeriM82 failed to exhibit significantly greater yield or to express the stay-green phenotype. Thus, the stay-green phenotype was closely associated with the yield advantage of SeriM82. SeriM82 also exhibited higher mean grain mass than Hartog in all environments. It is suggested that small differences in water use before anthesis, or greater water extraction from depth after anthesis, could underlie the stay-green phenotype. The inability of SeriM82 to exhibit stay-green and higher yield where deep soil moisture was depleted indicates that extraction of deep soil moisture is important.

Analysis of the Protein Content of Five Different Types of Kidney Stones

1994 ◽  
pp. 363-364
Author(s):  
B. Dussol ◽  
M. Daudon ◽  
P. Dupuy ◽  
R. Michel ◽  
Y. Berland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Different Types

Peculiarities of extraction of β-lactoglobuline in protein mineral concentrates at electroactivation of whey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Mircea BOLOGA ◽  
Elvira VRABIE ◽  
Irina PALADII ◽  
Olga ILIASENCO ◽  
Tatiana STEPURINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Excellent Source

Introduction. Whey is a by-product and an excellent source of proteins that is rather aggressive due to a large amount of organic substances it contains. The electro-activation of whey applied in the experiments is a wasteless method that allows the va-lorification of all whey components. β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) makes up 50% of the whey proteins and 12% of the total protein content in milk. Material and methods. The recovery of β-Lg in protein-mineral concentrates (PMC) by electro-activation processing of different types of whey with different initial protein content was investigated in seven configurations. The recovery of protein fractions in the PMCs were analyzed via electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE) and 15% non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel (PAAG).      Results. Whey electro-fractionation and the obtaining of PMCs with predetermined protein content, namely of β-Lg, were studied on three whey types, processed at different treatment regimens and in seven configurations. The proper management of electroactivation by varying the treatment regimens will allow the electro-fractionation of different types of dairy by-products. Conclusions. The maximum amount of β-Lg recovered in PMCs on electroactivation is  66-71% depending on the processed whey and on the treatment regimens. Obviously, the extraction of β-Lg from initially lower protein content shows a higher recovery degree of β-Lg. The registered temperatures allows formation of PMCs without thermal denaturation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Soil Acidity on the Physiological Responses of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472
Author(s):  
Brigitta Tóth ◽  
Csaba Juhász ◽  
Maryke Labuschagne ◽  
Makoena Joyce Moloi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidative Capacity ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Mda Content

The recent study was conducted to examine the influence of acidic soil on the activities of ascorbate (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), proline, protein as well as malon-dialdehyde (MDA) content, in two commercial spring wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806) at different growth stages (tillering and grain filling). A cultivar effect was significant only for MDA content, while the treatment effect was highly significant for proline, protein, and MDA. The sampling time effect was significant for most characteristics. MDA, antioxidative capacity, as well as protein content increased with maturity. At grain filling, MDA and proline contents were significantly higher at pH 5 than pH 6 and 7 for both cultivars, with the highest content in SST806. Similarly, SST806 had significantly higher APX and POD when growing at pH 5. There were no significant differences in protein content at grain filling between either genotype or treatments affected by low pH. This study showed that growth stage and soil pH influence the rate of lipid peroxidation as well as the antioxidative capacity of wheat, with a larger effect at grain filling, at pH 5. Although SST806 had higher proline, POD, and APX content than PAN3497 at this growth stage, this coincided with a very high MDA content. This shows that the high antioxidative capacity observed here, was not associated with a reduction of lipid peroxidation under low soil pH. Further research should, therefore, be done to establish the role of the induced antioxidant system in association with growth and yield in wheat.

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