Tradycja i zmiana – rytuały bożonarodzeniowe i ich znaczenie dla młodych polskich rodzin

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
Iwona Taranowicz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
German Society ◽  
Negative Dimension ◽  
Time To Build ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Migrant Family ◽  
Happy Family

The first generation of Polish migrants in Germany in the 1980s and 1990s sought to improve the economic situation of their families and tried to blend in with German society. Only their descendants managed to do so. They experienced the upward mobility that their parents expected of them. However, they were not prepared for the generational change related to it. The change involved the transformation of the cultural capital in the migrant family. The article presents an analysis of the intergenerational transmissions in Polish families in Germany, based on autobiographical interviews with the second generation of migrants. The article explains why the eff orts of the first generation to build a life in Germany did not translate into a happy family life. Neither did it bring enough economic resources for the first generation to pass economic capital to descendants. Social capital turned out to be a strong feature of Polish families. The supportive role of grandmothers and other family members has often proved to be of a huge value. Paradoxically, the absence of their parents gave their children a lot of freedom and free time to build their own networks of friends. The article also draws attention to the negative dimension of social capital in Polish families. It manifests itself in limiting expectations and pressure exerted by the family on the second generation.

scholarly journals Exploring Ethnic and Generational Differences in Gender Role Attitudes among Immigrant Populations in Britain: The Role of Neighborhood Ethnic Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senhu Wang ◽  
Rory Coulter
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Nationally Representative

Divergent gender role attitudes among ethnic groups in Britain are thought to contribute to ethnic disparities in many socio-economic domains. Using nationally representative data (2010–2011), we investigate how ethnic minority gender role attitudes vary across generations and with neighborhood ethnic composition. The results show that while Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Indians, and Black Africans have more traditional attitudes than Black Caribbeans, the attitudes of the former groups are more traditional in the first than in the second generation. We also find that the gender role attitudes of Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, and Indians become more traditional as the local share of co-ethnic neighbors increases or the share of White British residents decreases. Importantly, these patterns are more pronounced for second-generation Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, whose gender role attitudes are more sensitive to variations in neighborhood ethnic composition than are those of the first generation. Taken together, these findings indicate that migration researchers must conceptualize and study how immigrants’ cultural values are heterogeneous, fluid, and dynamic characteristics that can vary spatially across host societies.

The role of style in the ethnolect: Style-shifting in the use of ethnolectal features in first- and second-generation speakers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia Gnevsheva
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Style Shifting ◽  
Australian English ◽  
First And Second Generation

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: The paper aimed to investigate style-shifting in the use of ethnolectal features in first- and second- generation bilingual migrants. Design/Methodology/Approach: Three groups of speakers (first- and second-generation Russian–English bilinguals as well as monolingual Anglo Australians) were audio-recorded in three different styles (conversation, interview, and reading). Data and Analysis: Their production of the goose and trap vowels across the styles was analyzed quantitatively. Findings/Conclusions: Overall differences were found between the groups such that first- and second-generation speakers produced more Russian-like vowels compared to the monolinguals; with the biggest differences between the first-generation speakers and the other two groups. In terms of style-shifting, no significant differences were found in the monolingual speakers, and both first- and second-generation speakers were found to produce most Australian English-like vowels in the conversation style. At the same time, certain differences between the two bilingual groups surfaced, such as no significant differences in the first-generation speakers’ production of the goose vowel and in the vowels’ linguistic conditioning. Originality: Previous studies have compared ethnolects in the first- and second-generations of migrants and mainstream varieties in order to theorize ethnolect formation. Several studies have also investigated intraspeaker style-shifting between more ‘mainstream’ and more ‘ethnic’ in ethnolect speakers, but such style-shifting is rarely compared across generations. Significance/Implications: The similarities and differences between the two bilingual groups suggest that ethnolectal features may be originally derived from the community language but may be reallocated to other sociolinguistic meanings in the second generation.

Integrative Strategic Supervision Model – Constructivist Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Loredana Ileana Vîșcu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Constructivist Approach ◽  
Supervision Models ◽  
Supervision Process ◽  
Relational Diagnosis ◽  
Supervision Model ◽  
First And Second Generation

Supervision models offer a synthesis of theoretical and practical elements demanded by an efficient clinical supervision. They are classified into first and second generation supervision models. The first generation supervision models follow the development path of psychological counselling and psychotherapy, being focused on therapy, the supervisee’s development, on specifying the supervisee’s needs and the roles assumed by the supervisor. The second generation supervision models are integrative supervision models, with the emphasis on the role of common crosstheoretical factors. The integrative strategic supervision model [1], [2], [3] is a second generation supervision model, with the objective, other than the underlining of crosstheoretical common factors of supervision, with a top spot offered to the learning process, that of introducing the constructivist approach of learning, the construction of supervision as an interdisciplinary discipline and the relating of supervision to didactics through supervision projecting. The word “strategic”, from the model title, emphasizes the bases for the supervision process: the supervision framework, the learning methods used, the evaluation methods based on the supervisee’s individual factors, the tools used to supervise and materialized into: contracts, therapeutic statuses, supervision sheets, relational diagnosis sheet, etc.

Corporate Whistleblowing, Smart Regulation and Regtech: The Coming of the Whistlebot?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivienne Brand
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Smart Regulation ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Internal Whistleblowing

The recent evolution of corporate whistleblowing has demonstrated the capacity of effective internal corporate whistleblowing systems to support regulatory aims. Further, theoretical support for the role of internal corporate whistleblowers can be found in the smart regulation paradigm, which points to the potential for whistleblowers to operate as surrogate regulators. In light of this, the potential impact of fast-developing ‘RegTech’ applications on corporate whistleblowing activity has significant regulatory implications. While ‘first’ generation RegTech applications such as improved data analytics already have the capability to assist corporations to implement more efficient internal whistleblowing systems, the rise of second-generation AI-powered RegTech technologies is likely to further disrupt, and potentially transform, the practice of whistleblowing in corporations. As AI advances, internal corporate whistleblowers may be supplemented, or even replaced, by ‘whistlebots’ with the ability to report autonomously, with dramatic implications for the role of whistleblowing as a corporate regulatory device.

scholarly journals Brokering College Opportunity for First-Generation Youth: The Role of the Urban High School

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Duncheon ◽  
Stefani R. Relles
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Urban High School ◽  
Student Agency ◽  
College Going ◽  
College Opportunity

Social capital research has demonstrated the value of relationships and networks to enhance college opportunity for first-generation students. While most work has focused on individual students and their ties, high schools play a critical role in social capital processes by connecting students to external college access organizations and resources. This case study employs Mario Small’s organizational brokerage theory to investigate social capital formation among college-bound first-generation youth in an urban high school. Specifically, we explore how the school itself brokered college-going resources through its partner organizations. Findings illustrate a range of passive and active brokerage strategies that influenced the quantity and quality of available resources, and in turn, the amount of student agency required to secure social capital gains.

scholarly journals Social Capital: an Efficient Instrument for Sustainable Development (Algeria 1990 -2012)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (25) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Diab Zeggai ◽  
Bensekrane Boudali
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Structural Adjustment Programs ◽  
Financial Restructuring ◽  
The Impact

The studies on the development and well-being focused on the tools and the instruments and declaration of economic reforms which accelerated significantly to put civil society under study and look after stages of the experiment and application, where after the first generation of reforms during the period [1980-1988], what are known as financial restructuring and organic and structural adjustment programs, which support the orientation to a market economy; then the second generation of reforms [1990-1996] on the government’s work in order to define the impact and effectiveness on economic activity. Finally, the last generation came on the role of civil society, that considering the networks, trust and participation become a major research under the title of "social capital".

The role of social media in shaping first-generation high school students' college aspirations: A social capital lens

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 424-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghee Yvette Wohn ◽  
Nicole B. Ellison ◽  
M. Laeeq Khan ◽  
Ryan Fewins-Bliss ◽  
Rebecca Gray
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Media ◽  
High School Students ◽  
First Generation ◽  
College Aspirations ◽  
School Students

Are They Really Different: The Entrepreneurial Process from the Perspective of First and Second Generation Immigrant Entrepreneurs

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 263-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Chababi ◽  
Samia Chreim ◽  
Martine Spence
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Opportunity Identification ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Generation Immigrant ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Research And Policy

There is limited research on similarities and differences in entrepreneurial experiences of first and second generation immigrant entrepreneurs. Using in-depth interviews with Lebanese entrepreneurs in two Canadian cities, we analyze how entrepreneurs belonging to two different generations of immigrants experience and enact opportunity identification and assessment, and business development and operation. The analysis shows that first and second generation immigrant entrepreneurs diverge in their views of macro-institutional structures (such as regulation), risk, trust, and the role of divine providence in the entrepreneurial venture. The findings highlight the importance of understanding how first generation immigrant entrepreneurs’ past frames — developed in the pre-migration context — interact with the environment in the country of settlement in shaping entrepreneurial undertaking. The study also highlights second generation immigrant entrepreneurs’ perceived similarities to and differences from mainstream entrepreneurs. Implications for research and policy are addressed.

Discrimination, Genocide, and Politicide

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Uzonyi ◽  
Victor Asal
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discrimination Hypothesis ◽  
Violent Threat

The first generation of genocide scholars emphasized the role of discrimination in the onset of genocide and politicide. However, second-generation scholars discount such claims and have not found quantitative support for the discrimination hypothesis. We return to first-generation theories linking discrimination to genocide and politicide. We argue that while such policies set the stage for genocide, they do not influence the onset of politicide. This is because genocide is a policy aimed at eradicating the “other” while politicide is a policy designed to eliminate violent threat to the regime elites. Therefore, we encourage scholars not to conflate the logics of genocide and politicide. Statistical analysis of discrimination and government mass murder from 1955 to 2005 reveals that while some causes of genocide and politicide are similar, ethnic discrimination influences genocide but not politicide, as we expect.

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