SIMPLE NON-INVASIVE EARLY DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF SPECIFIC CANCER TISSUES OF INTERNAL ORGANS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CANCER TISSUE FROM SURROUNDING AREAS INFECTED BY CANCER RELATED VIRUSES, AS WELL AS EVALUATION OF THEIR MICRO-CIRCULATORY CONDITION & DRUG UPTAKE USING THE BI-DIGITAL O-RING TEST

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Omura
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Detection And Localization

scholarly journals Performance of a MethyLight assay for methylated SFRP2 DNA detection in colorectal cancer tissue and serum

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Zhenzhen Wang ◽  
Guodong Zhao ◽  
Yong Ma ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Methylight Assay

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the five most common cancers in China, and its incidence is steadily increasing. An accurate and non-invasive screening method is needed to increase the population uptake of colorectal cancer screening. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 ( SFRP2) has been found to be hypermethylated in most colorectal cancer patients, and it may fulfill the role of a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening. Methods: Methylation status of SFRP2 was examined in 17 cancer tissues and paired adjacent paracancer tissues by a new SFRP2 MethyLight assay, which was also used to test the serum of 62 patients with colorectal cancer and 55 normal individuals. Results: The limit of detection of the SFRP2 MethyLight assay was about 200 pg per reaction. The SFRP2 methylation level was higher in 94.1% colorectal cancer tissues than in paired adjacent paracancer tissues ( P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of SFRP2 for detecting colorectal cancer in serum were 69.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 56.2, 80.1%) and 87.3% (95% CI 74.9, 94.3%), respectively. Conclusion: SFRP2 methylation in serum has the potential to be a non-invasive biomarker for colorectal cancer screening.

Aberrant β-catenin activity in hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Rui Kong ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Jie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diagnostic Confusion ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Cancer Tissues

Background: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) has been recognized as a rare primary gastric tumor characterized by hepatocellular carcinoma-like histology. HAS often causes diagnostic confusion with conventional gastric adenocarcinoma (CGA) due to the difficulty to detect hepatoid differentiation solely based on findings from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Hence, HAS should be distinguished from solid-type CGA based on their different biological behaviors. β-catenin is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is involved in the maintenance of tumor initiating cells, drug resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. Methods and Results: Given the dearth of HAS cases, systematic examination of the expression of β-catenin in HAS remains under-explored. In this study, 14 cases were subjected to immunostaining with with AFP, β-catenin, glypican3, hepar-1 and CerbB-2. In parallel, the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were collected. We detected statistically significant difference in the expression of β-catenin (P = 0.000), glypican3 (P = 0.019), and hepar-1 (P = 0.007) between HAS cancer tissues and the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the expression of β-catenin in HAS cancer tissue and adjacent tissue (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.686, P = 0.007). Moreover, in cancer tissues, a significant correlation was observed between the expression of β-catenin and survival time (Spearman correlationcoefficient= - 0.482, P = 0.003). However, we found the expression of β-catenin did not correlate with the degree of tumor differentiation and tumor size, age, gender, serum AFP levels, microinvasion, and metastasis (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings establish β-catenin as a useful marker that can distinguish HAS from CGA and may improve the early diagnosis to guide the appropriate and timely treatment of HAS patients.

scholarly journals Exploring personalized postoperative non-invasive tissue oximetry in DIEP flap breast reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk A. M. A. Lindelauf ◽  
Nousjka P. A. Vranken ◽  
Rutger M. Schols ◽  
Esther A. C. Bouman ◽  
Patrick W. Weerwind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Diep Flap ◽  
Baseline Measurement ◽  
Flap Surgery ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vascular Compromise ◽  
Tissue Oximetry

Abstract Early detection of vascular compromise after autologous breast reconstruction is crucial to enable timely re-exploration for flap salvage. Several studies proposed non-invasive tissue oximetry for early identification of ischemia of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps. The present study aimed to explore the utility of non-invasive tissue oximetry following DIEP flap surgery using a personalized oxygenation threshold. Methods Patients undergoing immediate/delayed DIEP flap surgery were included in this prospective observational study. DIEP flap tissue oxygenation (StO2) was monitored continuously using near-infrared spectroscopy. A baseline measurement was performed by positioning one sensor at the marked position of the major inferior epigastric perforator on the abdomen. A new sensor was positioned postoperatively on the transplanted tissue. In unilateral procedures, postoperative StO2 values of the native breast were also obtained. Measurements were continued for 24 h. Results Thirty patients (42 flaps) were included. Fourteen patients (46.7%) had an uncomplicated postoperative course. A minor complication was observed in thirteen patients; in five patients, at least one major complication occurred, requiring re-exploration. Median StO2 readings were significantly lower in patients with major complications compared to uncomplicated cases. In fourteen unilateral DIEP flap procedures, StO2 values of the native breast were similar to the preoperative baseline measurement (92%; p = 0.452). Conclusions Non-invasive tissue oximetry following DIEP flap surgery could aid in early detection of vascular compromise. StO2 values of the native breast and abdominal wall preoperatively can be used interchangeably and can serve as personalized reference value. Level of evidence: Level IV, diagnostic / prognostic study.

An inverse problem approach to stiffness mapping for early detection of breast cancer: tissue phantom experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1006-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine G. Olson ◽  
Robert D. Throne ◽  
Adam J. Nolte ◽  
Allison Crump ◽  
Kaelyn Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Tissue ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Tissue Phantom ◽  
Phantom Experiments

scholarly journals Industrial diagnostics system using gamma radiation

Nukleonika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-636
Author(s):  
Adrian Jakowiuk ◽  
Łukasz Modzelewski ◽  
Jan Pieńkos ◽  
Ewa Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Diagnostics System ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Useful Lifetime ◽  
Gamma Scanning ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

Abstract During the operation of large industrial installations, a very important task is to maintain the proper technical state. In the event of an emergency, it is vital to locate the place of occurrence as soon as possible. In solving this type of problem, it often helps to apply the methods of measurement associated with ionizing radiation. One of these methods is the gamma scanning. The purpose of this type of measurement is the detection and localization of disturbance of technological processes which may result in incorrect decomposition the fl owing medium and workpiece (sediments, congestion) as well as damage to the internal constructions. A particularly: (i) preventive diagnosis - early detection of installation failure; (ii) rationalization of repairs and renovations - to determine the need to take or not to take remedial action; (iii) quick and precise installation inspections - to gain knowledge of the technical condition and technological installations; (iv) indication of worn parts and posing a threat - diagnostics of the technical condition installation; (v) forecasting the useful lifetime of equipment.

scholarly journals Multianalyte Tests for the Early Detection of Cancer: Speedbumps and Barriers

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117727190700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tainsky ◽  
Madhumita Chatterjee ◽  
Nancy K. Levin ◽  
Sorin Draghici ◽  
Judith Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Molecular Event ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic

It has become very clear that a single molecular event is inadequate to accurately predict the biology (or pathophysiology) of cancer. Furthermore, using any single molecular event as a biomarker for the early detection of malignancy may not comprehensively identify the majority of individuals with that disease. Therefore, the fact that technologies have arisen that can simultaneously detect several, possibly hundreds, of biomarkers has propelled the field towards the development of multianalyte-based in vitro diagnostic early detection tests for cancer using body fluids such as serum, plasma, sputum, saliva, or urine. These multianalyte tests may be based on the detection of serum autoantibodies to tumor antigens, the presence of cancer-related proteins in serum, or the presence of tumor-specific genomic changes that appear in plasma as free DNA. The implementation of non-invasive diagnostic approaches to detect early stage cancer may provide the physician with evidence of cancer, but the question arises as to how the information will affect the pathway of clinical intervention. The confirmation of a positive result from an in vitro diagnostic cancer test may involve relatively invasive procedures to establish a true cancer diagnosis. If in vitro diagnostic tests are proven to be both specific, i.e. rarely produce false positive results due to unrelated conditions, and sufficiently sensitive, i.e. rarely produce false negative results, then such screening tests offer the potential for early detection and personalized therapeutics using multiple disease-related targets with convenient and non-invasive means. Here we discuss the technical and regulatory barriers inherent in development of clinical multianalyte biomarker assays.

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