Preliminary Study on Assessment of Mineralization Degree and Nutrient Content of Groundwater Bodies in Gorj County

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Daniela Cirtina ◽  
Camelia Capatina
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Mineralization Degree ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The research study performed aims to assess the degree of mineralization and nutrient contents of groundwater bodies in Gorj County in the period 2014-2015 based on the monitoring indicators such as: pH value, electrical conductivity, chlorides content, sulphates, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, ammonium, sodium and potassium ions. Samples of waters were taken from eight wells located in depth groundwater bodies, code ROJi05 and ROJi08 in order to determine the mineral and nutrient contents. All the indicators monitored were taken into account for assessing the mineralization degree of groundwater. The values of monitored indicators of groundwater were within the allowed limits for drinking water according to Law 458/2002 amended by Law no. 311/2004 regarding the drinking water quality with the exception of sulfur content. The values of nutrient content exceeded the allowed limits for sulphates, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium.

scholarly journals Significance of Addressal of Clinical Investigations of Kidney Functions in Recovery/Mortality of Certain COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1985-1991
Author(s):  
Bennet Angel
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Robust Protocol

Clinical management of COVID-19 patients through a robust protocol is key to the good recovery and reduced mortality of patients. Efficient kidney functions during treatment period can contribute for improvised recovery and reduced mortality of patients. Analysis of the kidney function among Recovered and Dead cases of COVID-19 was made to reveal the degree of association of kidney functions with the two categories of patients. 83.4% of recovered patients did not show hyper values of blood urea whereas 72.5% of dead patients showed hyper-urea level in blood. 88.8% of survivors showed non-hyper creatinine level of blood whereas only 40% of dead cases showed hyper creatine level. Strong degree of association of blood urea with recovery/mortality was observed. Sodium levels were seen to be low while potassium and chloride ions were seen to be high in COVID-19 individuals. Our preliminary study suggests that kidney functions especially the value of blood urea and creatinine need to be addressed during COVID-19 patients to ensure the best recovery and reduced mortality. After more number of case studies, the present observation could sensitize consideration for inclusion of addressal and treatment of kidney functions into treatment protocol against COVID-19. It was also interesting to observe that levels of sodium and potassium ions among Survivors and Dead cases have impacted function of the essential ion channels in patient’s physiology.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Parts of Ijoko Area, Sango-Otta Axis of Southwestern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Victoria Abiola Dairo ◽  
Victor Oludare Fagoyinbo ◽  
Godson Mac-tyger
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

A total of 26 water samples comprising of well, river and borehole waters were subjected to physico-chemical tests to evaluate its quality. The result of the physical characteristics shows that the average pH value, total dissolved solid and electrical conductivity is 4.9, 1027.31mg/L and 1526.92mg/L respectively. Thus, relatively above the desirable limit for drinking water while the ionic dominance of the major cations and anions reveal high concentration of Na+ and Cl- amidst other ions in the order of Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+> K+ and Cl->HCO3- > SO42- respectively wherein the water was classified as belonging to Na-Cl facies and unsuitable for irrigation purpose.

Sodium and Potassium Fluxes in the Abdominal Nerve Cord of the Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana L

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
J. E. TREHERNE
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The influx of sodium and potassium ions into the central nervous system of Periplaneta americana has been studied by measuring the increase in radioactivity within the abdominal nerve cord following the injection of 24NA and 42K. into the haemolymph. 2. The calculated influx of sodium ions was approximately 320 mM./l. of nerve cord water/hr. and of potassium ions was 312 mM./l. of nerve cord water/hr. These values are very approximately equivalent to an influx per unit area of nerve cord surface of 13.9 x 10-2 M cm. -2 sec.-1 for sodium and 13.5 x 10-12 M cm. -2 sec.-1 for potassium ions. 3. The relatively rapid influxes of these ions are discussed in relation to the postulated function of the nerve sheath as a diffusion barrier. It is suggested that a dynamic steady state rather than a static impermeability must exist across the sheath surrounding the central nervous system in this insect.

scholarly journals Variation in Salinity through the Soil Profile in South Coastal Region of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The spatial variability of salt accumulation through the soil profile was studied at Latachapali union of Kalapara upazila, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. The soil samples were collected from 30 locations covering six villages of the union: Kuakata, Malapara, Fashipara, Khajura, Mothaopara and Tajepara. Five locations were randomly selected from each village. From each location soil samples were collected from three soil depths at 0-2 cm, 2.1-4 cm and 4.1-6 cm. Electrical conductivity of top 0-2 cm soil depth was 20.49 dS/m, in 2.1-4 cm soil depth was 7.14 dS/m and in 4.1-6 cm soil depth 4.15 dS/m. The study soils were strongly acidic having pH value 4.73, 4.99 and 5.20 in 0-2, 2.1-4 and 4.1-6 cm soil depth, respectively. The highest of 8.8 Na:K ratio was found in 0-2 cm soil depth. The Na:K ratio gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth, having 6.59 in 2.1-4 cm and 5.42. in 4.1-6 cm soil depth. The results clearly reveal that the top soil is very much sensitive to salt stress. Based on the electrical conductivity and Na:K ratio the Fashipara, Kuakata and Tajepara village were found seriously affected by salinity.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 1, 11-23, 2018

scholarly journals Effect of NPK fertilization on production and leaf nutrient content of eucalyptus minicuttings in nutrient solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
José Pereira Carvalho Neto ◽  
Enilson de Barros Silva ◽  
Reynaldo Campos Santana ◽  
Paulo Henrique Grazziotti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Adequate Nutrient ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Adequate nutrient levels in plants vary according to the species or clone, age and management practice. Therefore, adjustments of the nutrient solution are often necessary according to the plant material for multiplication. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of NPK fertilization on production and leaf nutrient contents of eucalyptus cuttings in nutrient solution. The study was conducted from November 2008 to January 2009 in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized fractional factorial (4 x 4 x 4)½, with a total of 32 treatments with three replications. The treatments consisted of four doses of N (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) as urea, P (7.5, 15, 30 and 60 mg L-1) in the form of phosphoric acid and K (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) in the form of potassium chloride in the nutrient solution. Only the effect of N alone was significant for the number and dry weight of minicuttings per ministump, with a linear decreasing effect with increasing N levels. The highest number of cuttings was obtained at a dose of 50, 7.5 and 50 mg L-1 of N, P and K, respectively.

Tetanic hyperpolarization of single medullated nerve fibers in sodium and lithium

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Schoepfle
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Interspike Interval ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Repetitive Stimulation ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Medullated Nerve Fiber ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Stimulation Of

Repetitive stimulation of a single medullated nerve fiber of Xenopus yields a succession of postspike voltage-time curves which are nearly coincident until attainment of a voltage that corresponds to that of the maximum attained by the normal postspike undershoot. Initially the interspike potential returns toward a resting level after this brief phase of hyperpolarization. However, as tetanization proceeds, a pattern of hyperpolarization develops with the result that, in the tetanic steady state, there exists a progressive hyperpolarization throughout each interspike interval. Extent of postspike hyperpolarization in terms of a deviation deltaVm from the resting level of membrane potential is approximated by the variation deltaVm = delta[MNa + MK]/[GNa + GK] where MNa and MK are current densities associated with active pumping of sodium and potassium ions and GNa and GK are corresponding time-dependent leak conductances. Tetanic hyperpolarization is reversibly abolished by cyanide and by exposure to lithium Ringer. Eventual reappearance of tetanic hyperpolarization in the presence of lithium Ringer suggests lithium pumping.

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