FEATURES OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW IN PATIENTS WITH PATHOLOGY OF INTRANASAL STRUCTURES AND NASAL BREATHING DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
N. O. Shushliapina ◽  
O. Ye. Cherniakova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
The State ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Capillary Circulation

The investigation of the vascular microcirculation system is important for diagnosis, assessment of the severity and nature of pathological processes in human body, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. Monitoring the state of microcirculation in impaired respiratory function of the nose helps to study the subtle mechanisms of regulation of vascular−tissue relations. To do this, there were used the biomicroscopic methods to study capillary blood flow, one of the most relevant and promising is optical capillaroscopy of the nail bed. This method makes it possible to identify at the evidence level the peculiarities of the functioning of the peripheral circulatory system by the state of the capillary system and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment by the rheological properties of blood in hematological practice. There were examined 145 patients by means of computer capillaroscopy to study the rate of capillary circulation in the patients with pathology of intranasal structures and nasal breathing disorders. All patients underwent a complete clinical examination, routine instrumental examinations, and computer capillaroscopy using a video capillaroscope with a visual magnification of up to 550 times. The obtained images were stored and processed according to a special software. During the characterization of the capillaroscopic picture there were evaluated: pathological tortuosity, change in the caliber of arterioles and venules, disorganization of the capillary network, the number of functioning capillaries. Changes in the speed and nature of capillary blood flow (accelerated, slow, stasis) were observed. The optical capillaroscopy method allows not only to visually assess the condition of microvessels, but also to determine such an important parameter as blood circulation, actually, it can replace the study of laser Doppler. Such data will be important in the diagnosis of respiratory and olfactory disorders and the formation of adequate tactics for their treatment. Key words: microcirculation, microcirculatory tract, capillary circulation, nasal obstruction, nasal breathing disorders, pathology of intranasal structures, computer capillaroscopy.

scholarly journals MODERN MEDICAL PROBLEMS OF MICROCIRCULATION AND HYPOXIC SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
K. P. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Adaptation To Hypoxia ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Complete Adaptation ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain

In this paper long known problems of microcirculation are shown, which were solved only during the last 40 years. They are concerned with the velocity and character of the capillary blood flow, the regulation of the capillary blood flow, the role of various vessels in the oxygen transport, the role of leukocytes in physiology and pathology of the capillary blood flow, with the special features of the function of lungs in supplying the whole organism with oxygen and with bioenergetic laws in the development of an organism adaptation to hypoxia. Here we considered a number of the most important medical problems of microcirculation and hypoxic syndrome. A relatively new factor in the capillary circulation is the fact that in the brain and heart capillaries there are sites with pO2 close to zero. They show that the capillary circulation has no central nervous regulation of the blood flow. The blood flow in these organs obeys only occasional oscillations. The new fact is that Krogh’s rule about metabolism and oxygen exchange occurring only in the capillaries is abandoned. It is shown that almost 30% of consumed oxygen is delivered to the brain via arterioles, which changes our relation to the capillary circulation as a unique mechanism of the tissue supply with oxygen. The new fact is also the mass adhesion of leukocytes to the walls of microvessels, which results in the occlusion of the vessels followed by the development of the heart and brain ischemia. It was shown for the first time that contrary to previous ideas the alveoli in the lungs are supplied with blood from a powerful network of large microvessels from 20 to 50 μm in diameter rather than from thin arterioles. They make possible the passage of 6–12 l of the blood in the norm and during stressed muscle activity — up to 18–23 l of blood per minute. The principle is substantiated that during hypoxia only normal supply of an organism with oxygen may result in a complete adaptation of an organism to the deficit of oxygen.

Lutein Complex Supplementation Increases Ocular Blood Flow Biomarkers in Healthy Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Alon Harris ◽  
Brent Siesky ◽  
Amelia Huang ◽  
Thai Do ◽  
Sunu Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Retinal Capillary

Abstract. Introduction: To investigate the effects of a lutein complex supplementation on ocular blood flow in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Sixteen healthy female patients (mean age 36.8 ± 12.1 years) were enrolled in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, two-period crossover study. Subjects received daily an oral dose of the lutein with synergistic phytochemicals complex (lutein (10 mg), ascorbic acid (500 mg), tocopherols (364 mg), carnosic acid (2.5 mg), zeaxanthin (2 mg), copper (2 mg), with synergistic effects in reducing pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines when administered together in combination) and placebo during administration periods. Measurements were taken before and after three-week supplementation periods, with crossover visits separated by a three-week washout period. Data analysis included blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity detection, ocular perfusion pressure, confocal scanning laser Doppler imaging of retinal capillary blood flow, and Doppler imaging of the retrobulbar blood vessels. Results: Lutein complex supplementation produced a statistically significant increase in mean superior retinal capillary blood flow, measured in arbitrary units (60, p = 0.0466) and a decrease in the percentage of avascular area in the superior (−0.029, p = 0.0491) and inferior (−0.023, p = 0.0477) retina, as well as reduced systolic (−4.06, p = 0.0295) and diastolic (−3.69, p = 0.0441) blood pressure measured in mmHg from baseline. Data comparison between the two supplement groups revealed a significant decrease in systemic diastolic blood pressure (change from pre- to post-treatment with lutein supplement (mean (SE)): −3.69 (1.68); change from pre- to post-treatment with placebo: 0.31 (2.57); p = 0.0357) and a significant increase in the peak systolic velocity (measured in cm/sec) in the central retinal artery (change from pre- to post-treatment with lutein supplement: 0.36 (0.19); change from pre- to post-treatment with placebo: −0.33 (0.21); p = 0.0384) with lutein complex supplement; data analyses from the placebo group were all non-significant. Discussion: In healthy participants, oral administration of a lutein phytochemicals complex for three weeks produced increased ocular blood flow biomarkers within retinal vascular beds and reduced diastolic blood pressure compared to placebo.

scholarly journals Pancreatic capillary blood flow during caerulein-induced pancreatitis evaluated by a laser-doppler flowmeter in rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ferreira Meirelles Jr. ◽  
Reginaldo Ceneviva ◽  
José Liberato Ferreira Caboclo ◽  
Michael M. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laser Doppler Flowmeter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Doppler Flowmeter

PURPOSE: The pancreatic capillary blood flow (PCBF) was studied to determine its alterations during caerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats. METHODS: Twenty rats were divided in groups: control and caerulein. A laser-Doppler flowmeter to measure PCBF continuously was used. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored. Serum biochemistry analyses were determined. Histopathological study was performed. RESULTS: The PCBF measured a mean of 109.08 ± 14.54% and 68.24 ± 10.47% in control group and caerulein group, respectively. Caerulein group had a mean decrease of 31.75 ± 16.79%. The serum amylase was 1323.70 ± 239.10U.I-1 and 2184.60 ± 700.46U.I-1 in control and caerulein groups, respectively. There was a significant difference in the PCBF (p<0.05) and serum amylase (p<0.05) when compared to control and caerulein groups. Although micro and microvacuolization were seen in 30% in caerulein group, no significant difference was seen between the groups. CONCLUSION: A decrease in the PCBF may be one of the leading events and it is present before histopathological tissue injury had been established in this model of acute pancreatitis.

Studies on Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis: Influence of Plasma Proteins and Capillary Blood Flow

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Ronco ◽  
Alessandra Brendolan ◽  
Luisa Bragantini Stefano ◽  
Chiaramonte Mariano ◽  
Feriani Aldo Fabris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Ultrafiltration Rate ◽  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Plasma Protein Concentration

This study has evaluated the influence of peritoneal blood flow and plasma protein concentration on the peritoneal ultrafiltration rate. In vitro and in vivo experiments were done to assess the effective peritoneal capillary blood flow. Based on the assumption that one can compare the behavior of an hollow fiber hemofilter with the peritoneal dialysis system, we have compared the opera tional characteristics of the two systems. After demonstrating that there was filtration pressure equilibrium in the filter, the plasma protein concentration was measured in the venous site of the filter at different applied transmembrane pressures. The nomogram, so obtained, was used to calculate the plasma-protein concentration in the blood leaving the peritoneal capillary during exchanges with an established glucose concentration (and therefore at a given transmembrane pressure), and to calculate the filtration fraction. Once that fraction had been calculated, based on the value of the ultrafiltration rate, one can calculate the importance of the plasma flow and then the blood flow. In this study the filtration fraction ranged between 45 and 55% and the blood flow ranged between 21 and 27 ml/min. It was concluded that the blood flow may be very low and hence may limit ultrafiltration.

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