scholarly journals Shouldn’t All Architecture Be Designed with Empathy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-55
Author(s):  
Helena Sandman
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Sustainable Communities ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Contextual Design ◽  
Empathic Design ◽  
Effective Design

Rapid urbanisation and, as a result fast growing informal areas, increase the need for affordable housing. This urgent need requires new forms of input from the architects active in the Global South. The profession must adapt and evolve. Based on previous research, I argue that to build sustainable communities, the residents must be heard and be part of the development process. To involve residents, architects can use new contextually suitable and effective design methods. The study comprised action research on an affordable housing design project in Zanzibar, Tanzania. This paper presents the early stages of a design process for a project still in progress. A close look at the Zanzibar case reveals four human-centred methods from the design discipline to the architectural design process: applied ethnography, empathic design, contextual design, co-design and participatory design. Through the analyses of these different methods, I explored the importance of empathy while designing in settings with contextual constraints. The study revealed the potential of developing empathic methods from the design discipline in the context of architectural design. Further, it suggests that empathic methods can be used by architects pursuing sustainable development. 

Non-Linear Model in Architectural Design for Sustainable Social Housing: Case Study Ovča Housing Project Belgrade

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Dušan Stojanović ◽  
Pavle Stamenović
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Spatial Needs

The aim of this paper is to reconsider the conventional approaches in architectural design for social housing that lead to low adaptability of architecture regarding spatial needs of its inhabitants. This research explores the potential of nonlinear model in architectural design of sustainable social housing. Sustainability is commonly interpreted through categories of socio-economic availability, notwithstanding the fact that demands of contemporary living greatly exceed the scope of this definition. One of the methods to integrate sustainability into social housing design is to incorporate specific users’ needs into the design process itself. The aim is to specify the common ground for negotiation between all actors in the process. Such a platform could enable multiple options allowing flexibility and a higher level of quality, as well as the comfort of sustainable living. This design approach is developed in the case study project for Ovča social housing community in Belgrade. This project is conceived as an infrastructural system that precedes the building as a finite architecture, therefore anticipating inhabitants’ involvement in the design process. The non-linear model of architectural design is enabled trough a drawing as a tool of communication. Since it is carried out according to previously defined values, this iterative procedure establishes a specific set of outputs that can later be evaluated and modified in accordance to users’ spatial needs. Therefore, the drawing becomes a tool that allows a variety of designing processes while the most important role still belongs to the architect and the user. Such iterative design process creates preconditions that enable the inhabitants to appropriate the space of living, which legitimizes the aim to transfer the design process from conventional towards the non-linear model of architectural design.

scholarly journals REDESAIN LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DARUSSALAM PANONGAN SEBAGAI RUANG BELAJAR TERINTEGRASI BERKELANJUTAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PARTISIPATIF [REDESIGNING THE DARUSSALAM PANONGAN SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS A SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATED LEARNING SPACE THROUGH PARTICIPATIVE APPROACHES]

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Gregorius Anugerah Gegana ◽  
Emanuel Agung Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
School Design ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Good Learning ◽  
Sustainable Schools ◽  
Participative Approaches

<p class="p0">The school environment is a powerful tool to stimulate and enhance creativity, concentration, motivation, and understanding for students. Darussalam School, Panongan has a GSM program which is Fun School Movement. This GSM program encourages students to create a friendly, safe and comfortable school ecosystem. With a total of about 700 students ranging from PAUD to SMK (Vocation Senior High School), this school has the potential to produce students who have sensitivity and responsibility for their environment. Community Service Activities (PkM) is directed to design a Darussalam School-Build environment that is able to create sustainable schools based on the GSM program. In the process, it is hoped that the design is not just the result of the thaught of the architech but also is the result of the formulation of the needs and desires of the user be it teachers, students, parents, and other stakeholders through a participatory design approach that emphasizes community joint planning, with the aim of increasing ties high and sustainable social and participation. Through the implementation of Darussalam school design, it is expected to produce a school environment that is able to stimulate the students to be sensitive to envoronmental problems. Academically, this participatory design process is a good learning process because the approach is different from the conventional architectural design process, so the resulting design products can be relevant to the needs and desires of school users. Although this design has not yet been fully developed, this participatory process encourages teachers and students to be more sensitive in caring for their environment through collaboration spirit.</p><p class="p0"><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak</strong>: Lingkungan sekolah merupakan alat yang ampuh untuk menstimulasi dan meningkatkan kreativitas, konsentrasi, motivasi, dan pengertian bagi para siswanya. Sekolah Darussalam, Panongan memiliki program GSM yakni Gerakan Sekolah Menyenangkan. Program GSM ini mendorong agar siswa dapat mewujudkan ekosistem sekolah yang ramah, aman, dan nyaman. Dengan jumlah peserta didik sekitar 700 siswa mulai dari PAUD sampai dengan SMK, sekolah ini berpotensi mencetak siswa yang memiliki kepekaan dan tanggung jawab terhadap lingkungannya. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini diarahkan untuk merancang lingkungan binaan sekolah Darussalam yang mampu mewujudkan sekolah berkelanjutan berlandaskan program GSM. Dalam prosesnya, diharapkan desain bukan semata sekedar hasil olah pikir dari arsitek namun juga merupakan hasil formulasi dari kebutuhan dan keinginan pengguna baik itu guru, siswa, orang tua, dan stakeholder lainnya melalui pendekatan desain partisipatif yang menekankan perencanaan bersama komunitas, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan ikatan sosial dan partisipasi yang tinggi dan berkelanjutan. Melalui pelaksanaan perancangan sekolah Darussalam ini, diharapkan dapat menghasilkan lingkungan sekolah yang mampu menstimulus siswanya untuk peka terhadap permasalahan lingkungan. Secara akademik, proses desain partisipatif ini menjadi sebuah pembelajaran yang baik dikarenakan pendekatannya yang berbeda dari proses desain arsitektur yang konvensional, sehingga produk desain yang dihasilkan dapat relevan dengan kebutuhan dan keinginan pengguna sekolah. Meskipun desain ini belum sepenuhnya terbangun, namun proses yang dilalui secara partisipatif ini mendorong guru dan siswa untuk lebih peka merawat lingkungannya melalui semangat kolaborasi.</p><div id="gtx-trans" style="position: absolute; left: 257px; top: 333.286px;"> </div>

scholarly journals Modality shift in design process : understanding the rationale behind modality shift and its effect on architectural design

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
A. K. M. Zahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Benefit Design ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Modality Shift ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Effective Design

Architectural design is a deliberate act of creativity without any definite starting point. Critical analysis of any design process reveals its basic stages. Designers use a number of design and drafting tools as well as their media (modality) to perform these processes. In search of an effective solution, designers often tend to switch between modalities. The purpose of this study is to understand how design students rationalize their modality selection and factors causing modality shifts as well as the impact of these shifts on the design outcome. This study examined different externalization forms of design ideas; identified any deviation from initial design ideas that occurred due to modality shift; analyzed final design outcomes by comparing initial ideas and its follow-through on the basis of their visualization and representation; and finally, looked into correlations between the modality shift and the design outcome. Observation and analysis revealed that students tend to shift between modalities not necessarily for facilitating problem solving only. Individual styles, instructions, requirements, context, culture, competency, ambiguity and cognitive aspects also play a significant role. It was also evident that the amplitude of shift has a positive correlation with designers' experience and accordingly impact on the final design outcome. The result of this study would help to identify reasons and effects of modality shift in design process and thus benefit design pedagogy and practice. By developing effective design methods and processes through meaningful incorporation of traditional and technologically advanced tools, students of the digital age would benefit and enhance their design perception and decision-making.

scholarly journals Using Empathic Design as a Tool for Urban Sustainability in Low-Resource Settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Sandman ◽  
Jarkko Levänen ◽  
Nina Savela
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
City Development ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Empathic Design ◽  
Different Dimensions

Architectural design plays a crucial role in sustainable city development. In fast-growing cities in developing countries, it can be a challenge to reach sustainable results. In this paper, we propose the use of Empathic Design, borrowed from the human-centered design field, as one means to support the work of architects and other stakeholders in these settings. To investigate aspects in which this method could be helpful, we have synthesized two existing sustainability models and applied them to three examples of affordable housing from different low-resource settings. After analysis of the examples, we propose a model with an equal balance between the four different dimensions of sustainability—environmental, economic, social, and cultural—where the aspects that need inhabitant engagement are highlighted. We argue that, to be able to hold the balance between the diverse dimensions of sustainability, the architect needs to understand in-depth the living conditions of people for whom he or she is designing. This calls for a fine-tuned participatory approach when designing in low-resource settings. It may not always be easy to reach this level of participation, but we propose that it can be achieved when the architecture is created through empathic involvement. The use of Empathic Design methods throughout the design process thus supports the endeavor towards sustainable results.

scholarly journals The Application of BIM as Collaborative Design Technology for Collective Self-Organised Housing

2019 ◽  
pp. 865-883
Author(s):  
Ton Damen ◽  
Rizal Sebastian ◽  
Matthew MacDonald ◽  
Danny Soetanto ◽  
Timo Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Location Planning ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Selection Of

Collective Self-Organised (CSO) housing projects are an emerging trend in Europe. In these projects communities engage in co-design throughout the process. Little knowledge exists that can support CSOs with the process of managing their projects by using state-of-the-art building information (BI) technologies. The authors introduce a BI supported CSO housing design process that can support CSOs through all stages in the design process, from early conceptual location planning through to selection of interior finishing. They illustrate the project using a demonstrative illustration of a CSO housing design process. The paper will concentrate on the development of innovative Collaborative Design Technology (CDT) solutions. The tools will be demonstrated on the basis of an illustrative demonstration case in which the CSO-process is combined with an IFD (Industrial, Flexible and Durable) building system. The particular advantages for architectural design practice will be highlighted throughout and gaps in the literature addressed.

scholarly journals The Application of BIM as Collaborative Design Technology for Collective Self-Organised Housing

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ton Damen ◽  
Rizal Sebastian ◽  
Matthew MacDonald ◽  
Danny Soetanto ◽  
Timo Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Selection Of

Collective Self-Organised (CSO) housing projects are an emerging trend in Europe. In these projects communities engage in co-design throughout the process. Little knowledge exists that can support CSOs with the process of managing their projects by using state-of-the-art building information (BI) technologies. The authors introduce a BI supported CSO housing design process that can support CSOs through all stages in the design process, from early conceptual location planning through to selection of interior finishing. They illustrate the project using a demonstrative illustration of a CSO housing design process. The paper will concentrate on the development of innovative Collaborative Design Technology (CDT) solutions. The tools will be demonstrated on the basis of an illustrative demonstration case in which the CSO-process is combined with an IFD (Industrial, Flexible and Durable) building system. The particular advantages for architectural design practice will be highlighted throughout and gaps in the literature addressed.

scholarly journals Increasing Value of Architecture in the Platform Society

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Pool
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Open Process ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

The author has developed several methods for democratizing the architectural design process resulting in a more user specific and open architecture. Our cities need Open Systems in order to grow and become resilient and not rigid ones. People should be able to change the environment they live in, the longer they live in them. The city's Eco-System is about equilibrium and balance, for a city to evolve, this balance is important. The city needs to remain open and unpredictable in order to be resilient. This paper describes which Open Process and tools result in creating Open Buildings. The authors mission to aim for an Open City is being described by implemented case studies. The author's experience and theoretical framework is being developed synchronously. Since architecture and urban design touches on all levels of society, space&matter involves a wide spectrum of disciplines in their design and development process. Before configuring space, understanding socio-cultural processes adds relevance to our designs; our objective is connecting people and their environments. In order to reach a high level of connectivity in the built environment it's relevant to Open up the Design Process. Experts, stakeholders and also end-users can collaborate in the process of creation from an early stage. This makes our architecture more specific and more sustainable.

Experience Design Applied to Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea CAPRA ◽  
Ana BERGER ◽  
Daniela SZABLUK ◽  
Manuela OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Products

An accurate understanding of users' needs is essential for the development of innovative products. This article presents an exploratory method of user centered research in the context of the design process of technological products, conceived from the demands of a large information technology company. The method is oriented - but not restricted - to the initial stages of the product development process, and uses low-resolution prototypes and simulations of interactions, allowing users to imagine themselves in a future context through fictitious environments and scenarios in the ambit of ideation. The method is effective in identifying the requirements of the experience related to the product’s usage and allows rapid iteration on existing assumptions and greater exploration of design concepts that emerge throughout the investigation.

come_NET

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Aal ◽  
Anne Weibert ◽  
Kai Schubert ◽  
Mary-Ann Sprenger ◽  
Thomas Von Rekowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Neighborhood Contexts ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Computer Club ◽  
Close Cooperation

The case study presented in this chapter discusses the design and implementation of an online platform, “come_NET,” in the context of intercultural computer clubs in Germany. This tool was built in close cooperation with the children and adult computer club participants. It was designed to foster the sharing of ideas and experiences across distances, support collaboration, and make skills and expertise accessible to others in the local neighborhood contexts. In particular, the participatory-design process involving the children in the computer clubs fostered a profound understanding of the platform structure and functionalities. The study results show how younger children in particular were able to benefit, as the closed nature of the platform enabled them to gather experience as users of social media, but in a safe and controlled environment.

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