Current and emerging pharmacological therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease as well as the first cause of liver transplantation. NAFLD is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and this is the most important reason why it is extremely difficult to treat this disease bearing in mind the enormous amount of interrelationships between the liver and other systems in maintaining the metabolic health. The treatment of NAFLD is a key point to prevent NASH progression to advanced fibrosis, to prevent cirrhosis and to prevent the development of its hepatic complications (such as liver decompensation and HCC) and even extrahepatic one. A part of the well-known healthy effect of diet and physical exercise in this setting it is important to design the correct pharmaceutical strategy in order to antagonize the progression of the disease. In this regard, the current review has the scope to give a panoramic view on the possible pharmacological treatment strategy in NAFLD patients.

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Characteristics of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang

The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy ◽

10.24871/2132020171-176 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176

Author(s):

Husna Yetti ◽

Nada Utami Prahastiwi ◽

Restu Susanti ◽

Eva Decroli ◽

Saptino Miro

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

General Hospital ◽

Medical Records ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Pharmacological Therapy ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Diagnostic Modality ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is emerging as chronic liver disease, both in developed and developing countries. NAFLD affects up to 25% population worldwide. The incidence of NAFLD associated with various risk factors supporting the development of the fatty liver. This study aim is to know the characteristics of NAFLD patients.Method: Retrospective study was conducted from medical records to find the characteristics of patients diagnosed with NAFLD at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital from January 2016 – December 2018.Results: Seventy-seven patients were diagnosed with NAFLD. The majority of NAFLD patients were male and female at 36-45 years old and female at 65 years old. Unemployed females were more prevalent compared to males. Dyslipidemia was the most component of a metabolic syndrome found in NAFLD patients. From laboratory findings, 55.56% of patients have increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, while 52.78% have increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Ultrasonography used widely as a diagnostic device to detect NAFLD. Pharmacological therapy based on American Asociation for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) recommendation that used widely to treat patients with NAFLD was statin.Conclusion: The incidence of NAFLD was found to vary in different age ranges and sexes. Dyslipidemia occurred in most of NAFLD patients. AST and ALT levels increased in about half of the patients. Abdomen ultrasound as a diagnostic modality that was widely used.

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Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000667 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽

Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽

Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽

Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽

Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Mean ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.78.1.27 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Suano de Souza ◽

Silverio Amancio ◽

Saccardo Sarni ◽

Sacchi Pitta ◽

Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

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