Structural and chemical characterization of dienerite, Ni3As, and its revalidation as a mineral species

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1887-1898
Author(s):  
Paola Bonazzi ◽  
Luca Bindi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Mineral Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Cubic Structure ◽  
University Of Florence

ABSTRACT Dienerite, ideally Ni3As, was discovered in 1919 near Radstadt (Salzburg, Austria) and its description and chemical characterization date back to the 1920s. The paucity of reliable experimental data, as well as the absence of any other documented occurrences of such a mineral in over 80 years, led to the supposition of a typographic error in the transcription of the original chemical analysis, suggesting the mineral might in fact be nickelskutterudite [(Ni,Co,Fe)As3]. As a consequence, the mineral was discredited and deleted in the post-2006 IMA list of valid mineral species. Nonetheless, several minerals having a metal/As ratio close to 3:1 and a description fitting that of dienerite were reported after its discreditation. Here we report the discovery of minute inclusions in a sample of josephinite from Josephine Creek (Oregon, USA) exhibiting high optical and electron reflectance. Structural and chemical investigations unequivocally showed that a mineral having cubic structure [a = 9.6206(9) Å, sp. gr. I3d; R1 = 0.0353] and ideal chemical formula Ni3As does exist, suggesting that dienerite could in fact be a valid species. The proposal to revalidate dienerite has been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (IMA-Proposal 19-E). The neotype is deposited in the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum, University of Florence, Italy, under catalogue number 3364/I.

Chemical characterization of marijuana blunt smoke by non-targeted chemical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Theodore P. Klupinski ◽  
Erich D. Strozier ◽  
Stephanie D. Makselan ◽  
Stephanie S. Buehler ◽  
Erica N. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Some 5,5-Disubstituted-1,3-Dixanthyl Barbituric Acids

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Flann ◽  
J. A. R. Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Derivatives Of

The dixanthyl derivatives of 21 clinically important barbituric acids have been prepared. Melting points, infrared spectra, and x-ray powder-diffraction patterns of the purified compounds are presented. Infrared evidence is used to discuss the position of the linkage between the xanthyl and barbiturate portions of the derivatives. The experimental data should prove of particular value for the microchemical identification of barbiturates.

Characterization of the Products and By-products Obtained in the Electrolytic Refining of Copper Using Scraps

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Buzatu ◽  
Petru Moldovan ◽  
Dionezie Bojin ◽  
Mihai Butu ◽  
Iozsef Juhasz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Electrolytic Refining ◽  
By Products

Experimental data from electrolytic refining of copper anodes obtained from scraps are presented in this paper. Alloying elements behaviour from the secondary copper was studied by SEM microscopy, EDAX chemical characterization, and atomic emission spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Vino de Tea (pine heartwood wine) from La Palma (Spain): ethnographic and physic-chemical characterization of a unique fermented product

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Alonso González ◽  
Eva Parga-Dans
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Fermented Product ◽  
Mixed Approach

Abstract This paper presents the results of a novel study of Vino de Tea (pine heartwood wine) from the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). The aim is to investigate its differential characteristics and contribute to typifying it within the Denomination of Origin ‘Wines of La Palma’. The analysis is based on a mixed approach combining a qualitative ethnographic approach (22 interviews) and quantitative physic-chemical methods in a sample of 16 wines. The ethnographical study revealed the tradition and techniques of elaboration behind Vino de Tea. In turn, the physic-chemical analysis revealed by chromatography a significant presence of α-terpineol due to elaboration in pine barrels or casks. These samples were compared with a Greek Retsina wine, revealing the differences between these two traditional wines. These data suggest that Vino de Tea is a unique product with distinctive characteristics and potential health benefits, owing to its significant content of α-terpineol resulting from its fermentation in Canary pine casks.

Non-resonant multi- and single-photon ionization for the chemical characterization of surfaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1554-1555
Author(s):  
David G. Welkie
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Photon Ionization ◽  
Secondary Ion

The chemical analysis of surfaces, where the ‘surface’ of a sample refers to the top few monolayers, is most commonly performed using the techniques of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and/or electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). For inorganic materials, AES is especially advantageous for quantitative elemental surface analysis at high spatial resolution. At lower spatial resolutions, SIMS generally provides the highest sensitivity, although quantitative interpretation of the results is often difficult or impossible. The primary reason for such difficulties is that the SIMS signal often depends more strongly on the nature of the local chemical environment at the analysis site than on the concentration of the species that is generating the signal. This is commonly referred to as the SIMS ‘matrix effect’.For organic materials, both ESCA and SIMS are used to obtain information on the chemical structure at surfaces. While ESCA can provide unique information on the nature of the chemical bonds between species at a surface, SIMS can provide complementary information on the molecular structures that are present.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical characterization of slag occurrences at Tilva Njagra locality, Bor region, Eastern Serbia

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Dragana Zivkovic ◽  
Nada Strbac ◽  
M. Cocic ◽  
V. Andric ◽  
M. Steharnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical characterization of slag occurrences at Tilva Njagra locality (Bor region, Eastern Serbia) was done and the results of the research activities are presented in this paper. The samples were investigated using chemical analysis, XRD, DTA and EDXRF.

scholarly journals Crystal structure and crystal chemistry of fluorannite and its relationships to annite

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Brigatti ◽  
E. Caprilli ◽  
D. Malferrari ◽  
A. Mottana
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Structure Refinement ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Crystal Chemical ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
Interlayer Cation ◽  
Anisotropic Displacement Parameters

Abstract This study focuses on the crystal-chemical characterization of fluorannite from the Katugin Ta-Nb deposit, Chitinskaya Oblast’, Kalar Range, Transbaikalia, eastern Siberia, Russia. The chemical formula of this mineral is (K0.960Na0.020Ba0.001)(Fe2+ 2.102Fe3+ 0.425Cr3+ 0.002Mg0.039Li0.085Ti0.210Mn0.057)(Al0.674Si3.326) O10(F1.060OH0.028O0.912). This mica belongs to the 1M polytype (space group C2/m) with layer parameters a = 5.3454(2) Å, b = 9.2607(4) Å, c = 10.2040(5) Å, b = 100.169(3)º. Structure refinement, using anisotropic displacement parameters, converged at R = 0.0384. When compared to annite, fluorannite shows a smaller cell volume (Vfluorannite = 497.19 Å3; Vannite = 505.71 Å3), because of its smaller lateral dimensions and c parameter. Flattening in the plane of the tetrahedral basal oxygen atoms decreases with F content, together with the A–O4 distance (i.e. the distance between interlayer cation A and the octahedral anionic position) due to the reduced repulsion between the interlayer cation and the anion sited in O4.

scholarly journals Microbiology and atmospheric processes: biological, physical and chemical characterization of aerosol particles

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1469-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Georgakopoulos ◽  
V. Després ◽  
J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky ◽  
R. Psenner ◽  
P. A. Ariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Aerosol Sampling ◽  
Biological Particles ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. The interest in bioaerosols has traditionally been linked to health hazards for humans, animals and plants. However, several components of bioaerosols exhibit physical properties of great significance for cloud processes, such as ice nucleation and cloud condensation. To gain a better understanding of their influence on climate, it is therefore important to determine the composition, concentration, seasonal fluctuation, regional diversity and evolution of bioaerosols. In this paper, we will review briefly the existing techniques for detection, quantification, physical and chemical analysis of biological particles, attempting to bridge physical, chemical and biological methods for analysis of biological particles and integrate them with aerosol sampling techniques. We will also explore some emerging spectroscopy techniques for bulk and single-particle analysis that have potential for in-situ physical and chemical analysis. Lastly, we will outline open questions and further desired capabilities (e.g., in-situ, sensitive, both broad and selective, on-line, time-resolved, rapid, versatile, cost-effective techniques) required prior to comprehensive understanding of chemical and physical characterization of bioaerosols.

scholarly journals Microbiology and atmospheric processes: biological, physical and chemical characterization of aerosol particles

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Georgakopoulos ◽  
V. Després ◽  
J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky ◽  
R. Psenner ◽  
P. A. Ariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Aerosol Sampling ◽  
Biological Particles ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. The interest in bioaerosols has traditionally been linked to health hazards for humans, animals and plants. However, several components of bioaerosols exhibit physical properties of great significance for cloud processes, such as ice nucleation and cloud condensation. To gain a better understanding of their influence on climate, it is therefore important to determine the composition, concentration, seasonal fluctuation, regional diversity and evolution of bioaerosols. In this paper, we will review briefly the existing techniques for detection, quantification, physical and chemical analysis of biological particles, attempting to bridge physical, chemical and biological methods for analysis of biological particles and integrate them with aerosol sampling techniques. We will also explore some emerging spectroscopy techniques for bulk and single-particle analysis that have potential for in-situ physical and chemical analysis. Lastly, we will outline open questions and further desired capabilities (e.g., in-situ, sensitive, both broad and selective, on-line, time-resolved, rapid, versatile, cost-effective techniques) required prior to comprehensive understanding of chemical and physical characterization of bioaerosols.

Olfactory and Chemical Characterization of Indoor Air-Towards a Psychophysical Model for Air Quality

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Berglund ◽  
Ulf Berglund ◽  
Thomas Lindvall ◽  
Helene Nicander-Bredberg
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Chemical Characterization
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