Extremely high mortality of newborn juveniles in the nursery colony of Myotis myotis at Žihobce, SW Bohemia, Czech Republic (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

In 2020, an extremely high mortality of juveniles was recorded in a nursery colony of Myotis myotis at Žihobce (Klatovy Dist.), reaching 50.6% of the potential growth. Most juveniles died within two weeks of age (67.4%). The cause of this phenomenon is not known. The results of chemical analyses carried out in five dead juveniles showed neither the presence of heavy metals nor pesticides in the bodies. The dissection of cadavers revealed a good nutrition state. In all dissected individuals, intestinal inflammation was recorded. Most juveniles in the colony were significantly parasitised. In the period of parturition, it was cold and very rainy for several days, the mortality thus may have been caused by chilling of the juveniles. The effort of females to nurse even the dying juveniles which fell down from the colony was observed. The mortality of juveniles was checked in further 28 control colonies in different parts of the Czech Republic in 2020. At eight sites, making up 27.6% of all studied sites, the mortality of 10.1–20.0% was recorded. At the remaining twenty sites (69% of the studied sites), the mortality reached 0–10%. High mortality of juveniles of M. myotis (18.7–39.2%) was also recorded at Vyšší Brod (Český Krumlov Dist.) in the years 1988–1991. In that case, the probable cause was the application of Lastanox (tributyltin oxide), a toxic chemical used for timber treatment in the colony roost.

Download Full-text

Spiders of the Vine Plants in Southern Moravia

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201563051471 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 1471-1476

Author(s):

Lucie Havlová ◽

Vladimír Hula ◽

Jana Niedobová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Soil Management ◽

Common Species ◽

Red List ◽

The Other ◽

Important Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Spider Species ◽

Southern Moravia ◽

Different Parts

Araneofauna of vineyards is relatively known in Central Europe but we have a lack of knowledge about araneofauna which occur directly on the vine plants. Our investigation was focused on spiders which live on vine plants, especially on the vine plants trunks. We investigated spiders in six vineyards in southern Moravia (Šatov, Mikulov, Popice, Morkůvky, Nosislav and Blučina). Vineyards were under different soil management, traps were placed on different parts of particular locality (terraced and plain) and all localities were under integrated pest management. We employed two types of cardboard traps for spider collecting during whole vegetation season. Altogether, we collected 21 spider species which belong to seven families. The most important species was Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1836), which is mentioned in the Red List as vulnerable (VU) and Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) which had unknown distribution in the Czech Republic. The other very interesting result is that the most common species is myrmecomorph Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836), which is scarcely recorded in such huge numbers as we documented in our study.

Download Full-text

Resistance behaviour of Septoria tritici to some fungicides in the territory of the Czech Republic

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 79-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ludvik Tvaružek ◽

P. Horáková ◽

L. Ji

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Septoria Tritici ◽

Resistance Development ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Colony Diameter ◽

Dmi Fungicides ◽

The Mean ◽

Different Parts ◽

Pathogen Strains

Reduction of colony diameter using two DMI-fungicides and one strobilurine fungicide was evaluated in the Septoria tritici population. In an in vitro assay, 57 strains of S. tritici originating from different parts of the Czech Republic were grown on agar plates containing different concentrations of fungicides. The mean EC50 values of strains were analysed for flusilazole (Capitain), metconazole (Caramba) and one strobilurine fungicide: azoxystrobin (Amistar). ED 50 values for metconazole were low. There were highly significant correlation in reaction of pathogen strains to metconazole and flusilazole. Some isolates showed significant higher level of resistance to azoxystrobin. The data will be used in a continuing survey of resistance development in the S. tritici population originating from the territory of the Czech Republic.

Download Full-text

Physiologic Specialization of Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in theCzech Republic in 2001–2004

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/3642-cjgpb ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 42 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 126-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Hanzalová ◽

P. Bartoš

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Field Trials ◽

Wheat Leaf Rust ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Wheat Leaf ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Physiologic Races ◽

Different Parts

In 2001–2004 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in the Czech Republic was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust (180 in total) were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. Resistance genes Lr9 and Lr19 were effective to all tested isolates like in the previous years. Unlike the previous years virulence on Lr24 and Lr28 was observed. Relatively effective were also Lr1, Lr2a, Lr24, Lr28 and Lr2b. Other Lr genes were defeated by the majority of the tested samples. Our results transformed to the numbers of physiologic races indicate that race 61SaBa prevailed like in the previous years, followed by races 61, 2, 12SaBa, 2SaBa, 14, 77SaBa, 12, 57, 6, 53, 53SaBa, 77, and 14SaBa. Twenty-one winter wheat cultivars registered in 2001–2004 were tested with 8 leaf rust isolates. Out of them 15 showed resistance at least to one rust isolate. High resistance recorded in field trials for cvs Batis and Ilias, which were susceptible to all tested rust isolates at the seedling stage, demonstrates the importance of field (partial) resistance.  

Download Full-text

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cats from the Czech Republic

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-014-0246-y ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kamil Sedlák ◽

Eva Bartova ◽

Tereza Machacova

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Competitive Inhibition ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Domestic Cats ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Indirect Fluorescence Antibody ◽

Different Parts ◽

Sera Samples

AbstractSera of 414 cats coming from different parts of the Czech Republic were tested for N. caninum antibodies. Sera samples were collected during years 2002–2011. N. caninum antibodies were detected by a commercial competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) with cut off ≥30% inhibition. Samples positive in cELISA were confirmed by an indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT); titre ≥50 was considered positive. In total, 137 (33%) cats reacted positively in cELISA; N. caninum antibodies in IFAT were detected in 16 (3.86%) cats with titres 50 and 100. In 6 cats, positive for N. caninum antibodies, T. gondii antibodies were also detected by IFAT. It is the first report of N. caninum antibodies in domestic cats from the Czech Republic and third report in Europe.

Download Full-text

Equine grass sickness in the Czech Republic a case report

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/7381-vetmed ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 137-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Melkova ◽

P. Cizek ◽

E. Ludvikova ◽

B. Bezdekova

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Case Report ◽

Sympathetic Neurons ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Neural System ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Grass Sickness ◽

First Case ◽

The World ◽

Different Parts

Equine grass sickness (EGS) is a degenerative polyneuropathy affecting postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons. The major clinical signs relate to dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and the condition is frequently fatal. EGS has been reported in different parts of the world including Europe. This paper describes the first case of equine dysautonomia in the Czech Republic. The ante mortem diagnosis was based on typical clinical signs and a positive phenylephrine eye-drop test and was confirmed at necropsy following observation of pathognomic histopathological lesions in the enteric neural system of the ileum.  

Download Full-text

Races of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the Czech Republic

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Šárová ◽

A. Hanzalová ◽

P. Bartoš

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Tan Spot ◽

Grass Species ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽

Wheat Leaf ◽

Race 1 ◽

Race 4 ◽

Different Parts

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, causal agent of tan spot, is one of the most important wheat leaf spot pathogens worldwide. The race structure of P. tritici-repentis isolates obtained from wheat (except one from noncereal grass species) in the Czech Republic was studied. The 86 monosporic isolates of P. tritici-repentis originated from different parts of the Czech Republic were grouped into five known races based on necrosis/chlorosis induction on standard differentials (Katepwa, Glenlea, 6B365, Salamouni). The isolates recovered from wheat were races 1, 2 and 4. Race 1 was the most frequent (50%), races 2 and 4 were found rarely (3% and 5% respectively). The isolate of P. tritici-repentis recovered from noncereal grass species was determined as race 4 which seems to be typical for noncereal hosts. The reaction of 30 isolates (42%) was difficult to be compared to reactions of so far identified P. tritici-repentis races. They have to be tested again on additional wheat genotypes.

Download Full-text

Biochemical markers for the assessment of aquatic environment contamination

Interdisciplinary Toxicology ◽

10.2478/v10102-010-0034-y ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 169-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Marcela Havelková ◽

Tomáš Randák ◽

Jana Blahová ◽

Iveta Slatinská ◽

Zdeňka Svobodová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Salmo Trutta ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Environment Contamination ◽

River Elbe

Biochemical markers for the assessment of aquatic environment contaminationThe need for assessment of aquatic ecosystem contamination and of its impact on water dwelling organisms was developed in response to rising aquatic environmental pollution. In this field study, liver enzymes of phase I and phase II of xenobiotic transformation, namely cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione-S-transferase and tripeptide glutathione were used to assess the contamination of the aquatic environment at different rivers in the Czech Republic. The indicator species selected was the male chub (Leuciscus cephalusL.) and male brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Chemical analyses included also the assessment of the most important inductors of previously mentioned biochemical markers. The major inductors of monitored biomarkers are industrial contaminants which belong to a large group of organic pollutants (PCB, PAH, PCDD/F, DDT, HCH, HCB and OCS), persistent in the environment. Four different groups of river basins were assessed: the River Tichá Orlice and its tributary the Kralický brook; important tributaries of the River Elbe (the rivers Orlice, Chrudimka, Cidlina, Jizera, Vltava, Ohře and Bílina); major rivers in the Czech Republic (the rivers Lužnice, Otava, Sázava, Berounka, Vltava, Labe, Ohře, Svratka, Dyje, Morava and Odra) and the River Vltava. The use of the biochemical markers together with chemical analyses seems to be an effective way to monitor the quality of aquatic environment.

Download Full-text

Pathotypes of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and resistance of registered cultivars in the Czech Republic in 2012–2015

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/121/2016-cjgpb ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 122-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Hanzalová ◽

P. Bartoš ◽

T. Sumíková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Near Isogenic Lines ◽

Wheat Leaf Rust ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Wheat Leaf ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Different Parts

In 2012–2015 the virulence of the wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) population was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 163 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. No virulence for the resistance gene Lr9 was found. Virulence for Lr19 was found only in one isolate in 2015. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr24, Lr2a, 2b, 2c and Lr28 was also observed. The presence of Lr10, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28 and Lr37 in registered cultivars was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular markers.

Download Full-text

Physiological specialization of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in the Czech Republic in 2009–2011

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/221/2012-cjgpb ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Hanzalová ◽

P. Bartoš ◽

T. Sumíková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Leaf Rust ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Wheat Leaf Rust ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Wheat Leaf ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Almost All ◽

Yield Trials ◽

Different Parts

In 2009–2011 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population was studied on Thatcher near isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained in different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 164 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. Resistance gene Lr9 was effective to 98% of all tested isolates. No virulence to Lr19 was found. Gene Lr24 was effective to 93% of isolates. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr2a, Lr2b and Lr28 was also observed. Recently registered cultivars were tested with six older and five most widespread leaf rust pathotypes at present. Winter wheat cultivars Carroll and Citrus were resistant to all tested older pathotypes at the seedling stage and they were also resistant to almost all pathotypes widespread at present. They displayed resistance also in official yield trials. Genes Lr34, Lr37, Lr10, Lr24 were determined in the tested cultivars by molecular markers.

Download Full-text

Morphological characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources collection – Information

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/661-hortsci ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 130-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. Stavělíková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Type ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The Third ◽

Crop Research ◽

Different Parts ◽

Research Institute

Maintenance of garlic (Allium sativum L.) genetic resources has had a long tradition in the Czech Republic. The collection was founded in 1951 and its current holder is the Crop Research Institute, Department of Vegetables and Special Crops in Olomouc. The collection consists of 613 genotypes. The oldest genotype was acquired in 1954. The collection has been evaluated according to the Descriptor list for Allium spp. (IPGRI 2001). 17 characters of the Descriptor list were supplemented with 5 additional characters. The photos of all garlic genotypes were taken. The genotypes were divided into the three main morphological groups according to the ability to produce the scape: the first group with the scape (bolting) – 300 genotypes, the second part without the scape (non-bolting garlic) 205 genotypes and the third part presents semi-bolting garlic – 108 genotypes. The last morphological type has bulbils in the different parts of the pseudostem.

Download Full-text