scholarly journals Regional Mechanisms Against Illegal Drug Trafficking

Author(s):  
Shukurov Izzatullo Hikmatullo Ogli ◽  

The article examines regional mechanisms of counteracting drug trafficking, as well as means of combating drug addiction at the international level. In addition, it examines theoretical and practical features of the fight against drug trafficking in such organizations as ISESCO, NATO, OSCE, SCO, Western European Union, CIS .

2022 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
D. V. Avedikov

The article examines the causes and conditions of crimes in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking, as well as measures to prevent crimes of this group.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Salawati Mat Basir ◽  
Mohammad Naji Shah Mohammadi ◽  
Elmira Sobatian

<p>The main objective of Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is economic development in its region but directly unproductive profit seeking activities such as drug trafficking is the prominent barrier to reach this goal. All members spend lots of money to fight against drug trafficking, as all of them suffer from drug addiction and drug related problems. The first step to cope with this problem is to identify the factors and incentives that make this region vulnerable for drug trafficking activities and to unearth what makes this region a haven for drug traffickers. A bulk of literature supports the concept that organized criminal organizations are not able to operate when there are not any forms of corruption since they are strongly interrelated. In this paper, we analyze the link between drug trafficking and corruption in ECO region in order to develop ECO strategies to hamper and interrupt these transnational crimes. Corruption has posed major challenges to the efforts taken to control drug and also has seriously damaged the ECO members’ image in international community. One of the practical solutions is the responsibility of ECO organization in implementing rule of law in the region. Undoubtedly, fighting against corruption in ECO region is a joint responsibility of international and intercontinental community and this responsibility requires collective action and cooperation among countries in the region.</p>


2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Flett

This article reviews the way in which the concept of precaution, as commonly referenced in EU law, is received in the WTO. It argues that precaution is not a principle, but one facet of a principle of making rational judgments based on available information, the other facet of which is “that risk is worth taking”. Systematically pursuing high cost measures in response to low risks is not a balanced approach, and has probably contributed to the scepticism with which the concept is viewed in the WTO. However, this article goes on to argue that, without needing to be a principle, precaution is the determining legal feature in the SPS Agreement, because, unlike in the European Union, there is no legislative harmonisation of SPS measures at international level, WTO Members being free to set their own appropriate level of protection. In fact, the concept of precaution is relevant in the context of many other WTO provisions and is in some respects quite close to the concept of subsidiarity. Notwithstanding this, the first WTO SPS cases, driven by regulatory exporters and an interventionist WTO, have excessively emphasised scientific issues, masking policy judgments that the WTO has neither the legal nor the political authority to sustain. The article concludes that the proper way forward necessitates closer political, legal and administrative links between the WTO and other relevant international organisations, and a move away from consensus in the latter.


Author(s):  
Maritza Paredes ◽  
Hernán Manrique

Abstract The origin of illicit economies has been understood as a consequence of ‘low stateness’ (i.e. low reach of the state). Given the limited stateness in many regions, however, this article seeks to explain how only some sub-national territories have become vulnerable to illegal drug trafficking. To make this case, the representative example of the Alto Huallaga valley, in the Peruvian Amazon, is analysed. This article argues that ineffective development and settlement efforts by the Peruvian state in the Alto Huallaga, rather than the absence of the state, produced socio-ecological conditions in the region, in the late 1970s, that made it more vulnerable to the illegal economy. At the same time as international demand for illegal cocaine was expanding, two conditions resulting from frustrated state development plans came together: an enclave of poor peasants who were not self-sufficient and a natural environment impoverished by soil degradation and intensive deforestation, paradoxically not suitable for any crop except coca.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
Paul Lukas HÄHNEL

The article examines inter-parliamentary institutions as a factor for interstate cooperation in Europe in the 1950s and 1960s. For this purpose, an analysis of the relationship between the parliamentary assembly of the European Communities, the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Western European Union and their connections to the Bundestag through dual mandates is carried out. Based on the relevant literature, the article highlights formal and informal inter-organizational links as well as partly overlapping and competing competences between these inter-parliamentary institutions. By using the example of the Federal Republic of Germany, multiple connections between the Bundestag and the emerging European parliamentary level are shown. Finally, the article focuses on the disentanglement of the parliamentary levels in the 1970s.


2020 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Наталия Сергеевна Семенова

На сегодняшний день сформирована солидная правовая база международных обязательств государств по гарантии права на свободу мысли, совести и религии. Соблюдение данных гарантий обеспечивается на международном уровне наличием разработанной системы уставных и договорных контрольных механизмов, в рамках которых государства отчитываются о выполнении своих обязательств. Тем не менее, несмотря на наличие хорошо разработанной международно-правовой системы защиты права на свободу мысли, совести и религии, проблемы реализации данного права, включая преследования и дискриминацию по признаку отношения к религии, остро стоят во многих странах Западной Европы. Причем, проблемы реализации права на свободу совести и вероисповедания возникают, как правило, у последователей Христианства - культурообразующей религии большинства государств Западной Европы. В статье рассмотрены основные проблемы и причины дискриминации христиан в Западной Европе. Приведены примеры практики национальных судов и Европейского суда по правам человека в области дискриминации христиан в западноевропейских государствах. Проанализированы последствия «политики толерантности», продвигаемой странами Западной Европы на международном уровне как основной «ценности» демократического общества, во взаимосвязи с дискриминацией христиан. To date, a solid legal base of the international obligations of states has been formed to guarantee the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Compliance with these guarantees is ensured at the international level by the existence of a developed system of statutory and contractual control mechanisms, within which states report on the fulfillment of their obligations. Nevertheless, despite the existence of a well-developed international legal system for protecting the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, the problems of the realization of this right, including persecution and discrimination based on religion, are acute in many countries of Western Europe. Moreover, the problems of the realization of the right to freedom of conscience and religion arise, as a rule, among the followers of Christianity, the culture-forming religion of most states of Western Europe. The article discusses the main problems and causes of discrimination against Christians in Western Europe. It contains examples of the practice of national courts and the European Court of Human Rights in the field of discrimination against Christians in Western European countries are given. The consequences of the «policy of tolerance» promoted by the countries of Western Europe at the international level as the main «value» of a democratic society, in connection with discrimination against Christians, are analyzed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Andriy Danylevskyi ◽  
◽  
Yuliya Danylevska ◽  

The public danger of illegal drug trafficking, drug addiction and related phenomena is obvious; therefore the world community is making significant efforts to counter these phenomena, because only through joint efforts it is possible to ensure an effective counteraction to drug trafficking. For this purpose, states adopt a significant number of international normative legal acts. The issues of countering the illegal drug trafficking, psychotropic substances, their analogues and precursors are considered both within the framework of general documents on combating crime, and in special acts. Taking into account the European integration course of Ukraine, the expansion of international cooperation in the sphere of combating the illegal drug trafficking drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues and precursors, the following issues should be marked as ones of great importance: observance by Ukraine of its international legal obligations; integration into the world system of counteracting drug trafficking; bringing national legislation in line with the provisions of international regulatory legal acts. This article is devoted to the outlined questions. In particular, the provisions of the national legislation in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking, psychotropic substances, their analogues and precursors are analyzed, and the compliance of domestic norms with international regulatory legal acts in the sphere of combating illegal drug trafficking is concluded. The classification of international regulatory legal acts in the sphere of illegal drug trafficking in dependence to the authority that issued them is given. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the author suggests ways to further improvement of the domestic criminal legislation in the sphere of combating drug trafficking. In particular, it is proposed to criminalize the sowing and cultivation of any kind of narcotic drugs, as well as to partially revise the punishment for certain drug crimes.


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