scholarly journals Diagnosis of the functional state of the photosynthetic apparatus Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex F. H. Wigg. by the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
M. Y. Mazura ◽  
N. V. Miroshnyk ◽  
I. K. Teslenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Induction Curve ◽  
Different Levels

The informativeness is established of the method of induction of chlorophyll fluorescence for bioindication in the conditions of anthropogenic influence on the example of T. officinale plants, by the parameters: F0, Fm, Fst, Fv, Fv/Fm та k1, k2. The main parameters of the induction curve can be used as test indicators to determine the resistance of plants to adverse factors. Changes in these indicators characterize the processes associated with the influence of the environment on the course of both light and dark phases of photosynthetic processes in chloroplasts. The photosensitivity of T. offic- inale leaves, which indicates the physiological state of plants, decreases with increasing adverse external influences. It is established that the plants of T. officinale have the maximum intensity of photosynthesis, which grow in more favorable ecological conditions control. Therefore, the use of the device «Floratest» to determine the condition of plants at different levels of anthropogenic load is promising and requires further research.

scholarly journals Effect of Cameraria ohridella feeding on Aesculus hippocastanum photosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
K. K. Holoborodko ◽  
O. V. Seliutina ◽  
I. A. Ivanko ◽  
A. A. Alexeyeva ◽  
M. V. Shulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
The State ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Feeding Effect

The complex of invasive species of phytophagous insects that can adapt to novel living conditions is constantly increasing. The ecological effect of their vital activity in the new environment is almost impossible to predict. As a result, invasions undesirable in the economic sense are often observed. The horse -chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič, 1986, Gracillariidae) is one of these problematic invader species in the introduced range of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum (Linnaeus, 1753), Sapindaceae). We studied the effect of C. ohridella on the state of the photosynthetic apparatus in Ae. hippocastanum leaves. Photosynthesis is the one of the processes most vulnerable to stress factors, so information about the state of photosynthetic apparatus in a plant under the influence of phytophage feeding obtained with fluorescence analysis can be significant. The feeding effect of C. ohridella caterpillars on the functional state and activity of Ae. hippocastanum photosynthetic apparatus was studied. We studied critical parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction reflecting the effect of a single C. ohridella generation (feeding the caterpillar for the five stages of this species’ development) on the functional links of the photosystem II in Ae. hippocastanum leaves. The data obtained show a decrease in PS II quantum efficiency (inhibition of photosynthetic activity) in the leaves from different parts of the crown; it suggests the destructive effect of C. ohridella caterpillar feeding on Ae. hippocastanum photosynthetic apparatus. Values of all key parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence indication evidence inhibition of photophysical and photochemical processes of photosynthesis and impaired coherence of Calvin cycle reactions. Study of the feeding effect of C. ohridella caterpillars on the efficiency of the main enzyme in the Calvin cycle (which closely correlates with the coefficient of fluorescence induction that characterizes the efficiency of dark photosynthetic processes) showed a significant decrease in its activity in the leaves of both the illuminated and shaded parts of the crown. Our study has shown that the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction allows one to determine the general state of a plant in an express regime by evaluating the main process of plant life as photosynthesis. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters is a powerful and effective tool for determining the effect of phytophages on the plant body. The obtained data allow us to apply the method of analyzing chlorophyll fluorescence induction in practice to establish the physiological state of tree flora in forests and garden farms.

scholarly journals Field Study of the Effects of Two Different Environmental Conditions on Wheat Productivity and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction (OJIP) Parameters

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Valentina Spanic ◽  
Selma Mlinaric ◽  
Zvonimir Zdunic ◽  
Zorana Katanic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Blight Disease

Wheat is one of the main cereal crops for ensuring food supply. Thus, increasing grain yield is a major target for plant breeders, where insights into wheat productivity can be gained by studying the activity of the components of photosynthetic apparatus. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the agronomical performance of three winter wheat varieties and test photosynthetic efficiency over two different locations. Chlorophyll fluorescence was used to evaluate the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (TR0/ABS) and performance index on absorption basis (PIabs) of flag leaves and glumes of heads at the flowering stage until the mid-senescence stage. The grain yield of all varieties on average was significantly higher at Osijek compared to Tovarnik. Variety Tika Taka exhibited the highest yield reduction (27.1%) at Tovarnik compared to Osijek, followed by El Nino (20.5%) and Vulkan (18.7%), respectively. A higher amount of precipitation in June at Tovarnik provoked higher Fusarium head blight disease intensity, which could be seen as the bleaching of plant heads at the plots and resulted in an earlier decrease in photosynthetic activity. Therefore, earlier senescence and contracted grain fill duration could occur.

Effect of temperature and increased concentration of CO2 on growth and photosynthetic activity of polar alga Trebouxia sp.

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luděk Sehnal ◽  
Peter Váczi ◽  
Miloš Barták
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Chl A

Trebouxia sp., a lichen symbiotic alga, was isolated from lichen Usnea antarctica collected at James Ross Island, Antarctica. After isolation, the alga was cultivated on Bold‘s Basal Medium (BBM-agar) with addition of nitrogen for 12 days. Growth of alga and its photosynthetic properties were studied in relation to increased concentration of CO2 (850±50 ppm) and two cultivation temperature (8 and 12°C). Physiological status of algae was evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Simultaneously, content of pigments and changes in biomass were evaluated during cultivation period. Evaluation of physiological state of Trebouxia sp. was carried out after the end of experiment. Results of chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters and content of pigments showed that the highest efficiency of primary processes of photosynthesis was found at the treatment with elevated concentration of CO2 and temperature 12°C. In this treatment, potential quantum yield of photochemical processes in photosystem II (FV/FM) was 0.44 and content of Chl a was 5.14 µg ml-1. In contrast, the lowest efficiency of primary processes was found at the treatment with addition of CO2 and temperature 8°C, where value of FV/FM reached 0.37 and content of Chl a was 3.71 µg ml-1.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sugar Beet Broadleaf Herbicides on Fluorescence Induction Curves in Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Portulaca oleracea L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-442
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar CHITBAND ◽  
Reza GHORBANI ◽  
Mohammad Hassan RASHED MOHASSEL ◽  
Mahbubeh NABIZADE
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Kautsky Curve

Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis is a simple and rapid method for detecting herbicide effects after a short time following their application in photosynthetic apparatus in plants. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were carried out against two broad of weeds to describe how the Kautsky curve and its parameters were affected by herbicides. Desmedipham + phenmedipham + ethofumesate changed the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve at all time intervals except four hours after spring (HAS) in Amaranthus retroflexus L. and at all doses of Portulaca oleracea L. 4 HAS. In contrast, chlorophyll fluorescence inhibition was evident by chloridazon at doses of 650 and 325 g a.i. ha-1 in P. oleracea and A. retroflexus respectively, for all time intervals. Furthermore, chlorophyll fluorescence decays only occurred by clopyralid in A. retroflexus at the highest dose. A biomass effective dose (ED50 and/or ED90) based on log-logistic dose-response curves for A. retroflexus were considerably higher than that of P. oleracea. The maximum quantum efficiency (FV/Fm) was stable, whereas the relative changes at the J step (Fvj) and area (the area between the Kautsky curve and the maximum fluorescence (Fm)) was more sensitive to all three herbicides. There was a relatively good correlation between fluorescence parameters taken 24 hours after the spraying and the dry matter taken three weeks later, for both species under study.

Formation of the gooseberry (Grossularia uva-crispa (L.) Mill.) plants productivity depending on the photosynthetic apparatus functional state

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
O.T. Lagutenko ◽  
◽  
V.A. Kryvoshapka ◽  
V.V. Grysha ◽  
O.F. Denysiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Level Indicator

The authors present the results of determining the functional state of the four gooseberry cultivars (Izumrud, Bezshypnyi, Neslukhivskyi and Krasen) plants leaves indices dynamics during the vegetation period applying the chlorophyll fluorescence induction and establishment of the correlations between the photosynthesis intensity and primary crop. Researched cvs differ concerning the genetic origin, usage, are characterized with different ripening rates, resistance to diseases and negative environmental factors. The laboratory study of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction change in the leaves was carried out in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Microbiology of the Institute of Horticulture of NAAS of Ukraine using the portable fluorometer "Floratest". The data of the investigation prove that the plants of the varieties Neslukhivskyi and Izumrud have higher photosynthetic potential and are more adaptive to the negative environmental conditions. The high primary fluorescence intensity level as well as higher indexes of the maximum fluorescence and stationary level indicate greater energy losses when it migrates to the reactionary centres. This means that the pigment complex includes more chlorophyll molecules which are not connected with the reactionary centres and do not take part in the charge division. These indices indicate the high potential productivity of the plants of the cultivars Neslukhivskyi and Izumrud that reflect themselves on the Kautsky induction curve. Suppose, those cvs can be potential source of the higher photosynthetic apparatus productivity. Under the similar soil and climatic conditions the Neslukhivskyi plants prove to be more productive as compared to the rest of the studied varieties. The correlation analysis has proved that the productivity of the explored cultivars is effected most considerably by the fluorescence background level indicator and coefficient of correlation between the rising and variable fluorescence. The photosynthetic activity determines the biological productivity and shows the crop potential abilities as regards the harvest formation, therefore the correlation between the leaves chlorophyll fluorescence induction indices and gooseberry yield which we have revealed enables to recommend ‘Izumrud’ and ‘Neslukhivskyi’ for the wide use in the industrial small fruit growing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document