scholarly journals Shaping Masculine Identity in Military Education Institutions of Post-reform Russia (based on the memoirs of noblemen)

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
М.С. Трегубова
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Masculine Identity ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Military Colleges ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Great Reforms

В статье на основе мемуаров дворян — выпускников кадетских корпусов и военных училищ, исследуются способы и возможности формирования мужественности в военных учебных заведениях дореволюционной России. События Крымской войны продемонстрировали необходимость реформирования российской армии. Среди комплекса военных реформ 1860–1870-х годов значительное место занимали перемены в сфере военного образования. Вместе с тем изменение системы и структуры обучения не должно было затронуть главную составляющую образа офицера — его мужественность, под которой понимался комплекс качеств, характерных для сильного физически, умственно подготовленного и достойного воина. Обучение в военных заведениях было нацелено на формирование мужественности путем серьезной физической подготовки, а также воспитания смелости и доблести. The article analyzes memoirs of noblemen, graduates of cadet schools and military colleges to investigate the process of masculine identity shaping in military education institutions in pre-revolutionary Russia. The events of the Crimean war highlighted the necessity of military reforms in the Russian Army. Military education reforms constituted an essential part of the Great Reforms of the 1860s-1870s. It was crucial that military education reforms should not affect the major characteristic of an officer, i.e. an officer’s masculinity which was treated as a complex of physical, mental and moral traits and qualities. Military education was aimed at the shaping of masculine identity via extensive physical training, the development of courage and valour.

scholarly journals То history of organization of obstetrics assistance in the Russian Army

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Victor G. Abashin ◽  
Yuri V. Tsvelev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sisters Of Mercy ◽  
The 19Th Century

Until now, it was believed that the first experience of using female labor in military medicine dates back to the middle of the 19th century, when during the Crimean War of 1853-1856. a detachment of sisters of mercy under the leadership of N. I. Pirogov worked in the theater of military operations. However, some documents indicate that in peacetime, female personnel in domestic military medicine began to be used much earlier.

Production of and Supply of the Army with Small Arms on the Eve of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). A Brief Overview of the Russian Military Industry

Epohi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Tsvetkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crimean War ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Military Industry ◽  
Small Arms ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Main System ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
Almost All

In the wake of the Crimean War, the upper military circles in Russia changed their thinking with regard to firearms. General Milyutin became Minister of War. It was the time when Alexander II reigned over Russia. In 1856, the calibre of Russian firearms was reduced to 6 inches, or 15.24 mm. The process of re-equipping the Russian army with M1856 rifles using expanding Minié bullets was launched. These rifles demonstrated that the percussion systems had reached the limit of their capacity for improvement. Nothing else could be improved in terms of their firing speed. Despite the resistance of the conservative military circles, Milyutin encouraged new inventions, and the 1860s became a period of experimentation with firearms. Some new cartridge systems were introduced. The high-quality M1856 percussion rifle was not destined to take part in war times, but the Russian army had been fully equipped with it for a short period of time. Almost all systems of the 1860s were based on this rifle. Over 10 systems of firearms with an internal needle fuse were proposed to the weapons commission. In 1866, the Englishman Karle proposed his own system with an internal needle fuse. Krnka, Berdan I, and Berdan II came next. After 1866, the Terry-Norman, Karle, and Krnka rifles entered the Russian army. These systems were developed on the basis of the 6-line M1856/58 rifle. The latter was converted into a rear-loading rifle. In 1869, the Krnka rifle was chosen as the main system, which became the main weapon of the Russian army in the following years. At the beginning of 1877, there were 613,297 Krnka rifles, 150,868 Karle rifles, 17,810 Berdan I and 325,254 Berdan II rifles in the Russian army.

The artillery and engineering gentry cadet corps as an important part of the system of military personnel training in Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Mikhail Pavlovich Starodubtsev
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Training

In the course of modernization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the transition to the new image of the officer, military education of the Russian Federation today faces a complex and important task of the scientific study of processes of formation and training of officers, capable of solving problems of the security of the state, and reform of the system of military education that meets the priority tasks of the Russian Armed Forces. These facts lead to the need to turn to the history of the formation of the system of military education and the necessity to examine military education in Russia in second half XVIII century with the aim of summarizing, organizing, recording and use of past experience in contemporary Russia. In the process of training at the artillery and engineering gentry cadet corps pupils were taught to love Russian history, Russian army, the Navy, and developed high moral standards. Cadets were notable for their extensive professional knowledge, broad outlook, patriotism, honor, duty, and comradeship. Until the end of the eighteenth century, the training of future officers in the cadet corps took place on the basis of the revitalization of moral education, free and comprehensive development of personality of a future officer of the Russian army. The author makes use of some archival sources that have not yet been examined.

scholarly journals The Russian Army of Nicholas І, Seen by the British during the Russian-Turkish War of 1853-1856 (Linguoimagological Aspect)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crimean War ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Army Soldiers

The article analyzes the views of the British soldiers, officers and journalists on their opponents – the Russians during the Russian-Turkish war of 1853-1856 from the perspective of linguoimagology. This science considers the means of image verbalization. For the study the memoirs of the Crimean War witnesses, journalists’ notes, letters of the English soldiers and officers home were selected. The assessment, given to the enemy by the British, is of particular interest. The following aspects are explored: the Russians in battle, cunning behavior of Nicholas I army soldiers, their ammunition. The British writers also drew attention to the color of the officers' uniforms (blue) and highlighted the color of the soldiers (gray), which was different from the red one, used in England. The authors emphasize the unsatisfactory state of the ordinary soldiers’ clothing (low assessment) and the excellent condition of the elite troops (high assessment). In addition, the English writers paid attention to the beards of the Russians, which were not already widespread in Europe at that period of time, but were considered as a sign of holiness in Russia, and were worn both by nobles and people of the lower strata. The authors of the memoirs use the following means of interpreting the linguoimagological aspect: inversion, metaphor, exclamation marks, superlatives, lexical repetitions, stereotypes, details, and even French borrowings. Aesthetic and ethical assessments are used to add expressiveness to the narrative.

scholarly journals KIRIM SAVAŞI ZAMANI OSMANLI İLE ŞEYH ŞÂMİL ARASINDAKİ YAZIŞMALAR: ARŞİV BELGELERİ IŞIĞINDA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beşir Miqdad oğlu Mustafayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Anahtar sözler: Kuzey Kafkas, Osmanlı, Rus, Şeyh Şâmil, Kırım Savaşı Correspondence between the Ottomans and Sheikh Shamil during the Crimean War: in the light of archival documents Summary Our aim in this research is to discuss the correspondence with the Ottoman State during the Crimean War, as well as the opposition of Sheikh Shamil, with whom the Russians encountered during their invasion of the North Caucasus. Crimea is a Turkish country, has historically been a place of invasion by various foreign forces due to its geographical location and strategic location. The growing appetite of the Tsarist Russian Empire, the main purpose of which was to capture Istanbul and the right to vote in the straits, led to the beginning of the Crimean War. The Russian leadership began the war, by taking advantage of the privileges granted by the Ottomans to Christians Catholics in Jerusalem, the Armenians in Anatolia and the Greek Greeks. Although the Ottomans ended their relations with the Russians, but the Russian army went on a new offensive. Despite the fact that they did not openly declare war, they captured Eflak (Romania) and Bogdan (Moldova). On October 4, 1853, the Ottoman State declared war on Tsarist Russia. On the other hand, as far as the interests and power of the Ottoman State in Crimea were weakened, the Turkish rulers approached the Russians and over time fell victim to the Russian leadership's plan. Key words: North Caucasian, Ottoman, Russia, Sheikh Shamil, Crimean War

scholarly journals “The Nursery of Enlightenment and Military Education in the Far Edge” (To the 200th Anniversary of the First Siberian Emperor Alexander I Cadet Corps and its Fundamental Library)

2013 ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Anatoly M. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the history of the Fundamental Library of the Cossack Army School of the Siberian Cadet Corps, its 200th anniversary is celebrated in 2013. In the opinion of many experts of librarianship, this Library was considered to be one of the best collections of the books in Siberia and the Far East. This work continues the series of publications on the history of the Military Librarianship of the Russian Army.

Transformation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Kozelsky
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Recovery Programs ◽  
Negative Change ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Great Reforms

The Crimean War was a watershed event in Russia; it transformed government and society and ushered in the Great Reforms. Russian subjects mobilized to support the home front came out of the war with an expectation of reciprocity; serfs wanted their freedom, while other social estates saw the potential of civil society. In Crimea and the larger province of Tauride, the war created profoundly negative change. Violence disassembled landscapes and altered topography. It remapped roads, and communication networks. War destroyed industry and agriculture. Most significantly, punitive civilian policies combined with the failure of recovery programs led the mass migration of Nogai and Crimean Tatars. The Russian government resettled Christian populations in the spaces vacated by emigrating Tatars and remade the distant borderland into its own image. Crimea never recovered from the Crimean War. Rather, mass scale violence transformed Crimea.

Traditions of Russian literary classics in fiction by participants in the Battle of Stalingrad

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-32
Author(s):  
S. V. Perevalova
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Literary Classics

The article states that the heroic-patriotic traditions of Russian classics (M. Lermontov, L. Tolstoy, A. Blok) live on in the works by participants in the Battle of Stalingrad: the founder of the ‘lieutenant prose’ Viktor Nekrasov and poets Mikhail Kulchitsky and Aleksandr Korenev. M. Lermontov’s ‘Borodino’ sounds with a new vigour in the lyric poetry by the fighters at Stalingrad. Works dedicated to the Battle of Stalingrad follow and modernize the traditions of Russian realism exemplified by the first-hand accounts of L. Tolstoy, an officer during the Siege of Sevastopol. Military and engineering learnings of the Russian army garnered during the Crimean War were adopted by the characters of Front-Line Stalingrad [V okopakh Stalingrada] by V. Nekrasov, who received an architect’s degree in pre-war Kyiv and was in command of a sapper battalion on the Stalingrad front. This officer writer also follows the narrative approach of the 19th-c. classic, so that the ferocity of the battle does not obscure the ‘dialectics of the soul’ of his fellow soldiers, whom he portrays as part and parcel of the centuries-long national culture.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITY OF THE TEACHER OF PHYSICAL TRAINING AND SPORTS OF HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (22) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
N.B. Verbyn ◽  
V.B. Klymovych ◽  
V.A. Shemchuk ◽  
A.M. Oderov ◽  
V.M. Katykhin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Military Education ◽  
Project Activity
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