Clinic price reductions in a tiered total cost benefit design

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. e316-e321
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Design ◽  
Total Cost

scholarly journals Comparison of thromboprophylaxis patterns in arthroplasty in public and private hospitals

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-416
Author(s):  
Aline Pinheiro dos Santos Cortada ◽  
Telma Gomes da Silva ◽  
André Campos da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Prado Golmia ◽  
Renata Leborato Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Thromboembolism Prophylaxis ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Private Organization

Objective To compare therapy for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism and costs related to hospitalization of patients undergoing total knee and hip replacement within the context of the Brazilian health system.Methods A retrospective study of patients undergoing arthroplasty in 2010 in a public hospital and two private hospitals in the state of São Paulo, conducted by means of medical record review. Costs were estimated based on the use of health care resources during hospitalization. A descriptive analysis was performed using frequency and mean (standard deviation) according to the type of care delivered (by public or private organization).Results A total of 215 patients were evaluated, and 56.3% were submitted to knee surgery and 43.7%, to hip replacement. Approximately 88% and 98% of patients from public and private health services, respectively, received some form of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, and enoxaparin was the drug most widely used in both systems. The total cost of prophylaxis was R$ 1,873.01 (R$ 26.38 per patient) in the public service and R$ 21,559.73 (R$ 163.33 per patient) in the private service. For the individuals who presented with thromboembolism, the average cost of hospitalization was R$ 6,210.80 and R$ 43,792.59 per patient in public and private health services, respectively.Conclusion Thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing arthroplasty is most commonly used in the private health services than public organizations, despite its high costs in both services. The cost per patient with thrombosis during hospitalization was higher than the total cost of prophylaxis, suggesting that prevention is associated to better cost-benefit ratio.

scholarly journals Cost implications and oncological outcomes for laparoscopic versus open surgery for right hemicolectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 (03) ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
K Habib ◽  
S Daniels ◽  
M Lee ◽  
V Proctor ◽  
A Saha
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost

Introduction Recent studies have suggested that laparoscopic surgery for colorectal resection confers a cost benefit compared with open surgery. These studies have considered a wide range of colorectal operations together rather than focusing on a single procedure. Our study compared direct clinical costs for laparoscopic versus open right hemicolectomy. Methods Clinicopathological data and cost of treatment for all patients who underwent a right hemicolectomy between 2012 and 2013 were collected. The primary outcome was total cost of treatment. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, operative time and morbidity. The minimum follow-up duration was 12 months. Costs for laparoscopic and open surgery for elective resection alone were compared. Further analyses were performed comparing emergency cases with elective cases and cancer with non-cancer cases. Results There were 83 patients who underwent a right hemicolectomy during the study period and of these, 65 had an elective procedure. The total cost of a laparoscopic procedure was £3,998.12 compared with £3,427.50 for open surgery (p=0.039). The length of stay was shorter for laparoscopic surgery while the cost of an emergency right hemicolectomy was significantly greater than for elective surgery. Conclusions Although the length of stay for laparoscopic surgery was shorter, this did not translate to a reduction in cost. The cost benefit from a shorter length of stay was offset by a greater cost of consumables. Cost effectiveness analyses should be designed carefully, and they should consider individual operations separately when making healthcare management and funding decisions.

scholarly journals Monitoring Measures in the Elimination of Malaria in Fujian, China: A Cost-Benefit Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yan HUANG ◽  
Shan-Ying Zhang ◽  
Zhu-Yun CHEN ◽  
Han-Guo XIE ◽  
Rong OUYANG
Keyword(s):  
Health Economics ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Malaria is an insect-borne infectious disease that spreads through bites from infected Anopheles mosquitos. The disease seriously endangers human health and economic development. The study focuses on Fujian Province, China, which entered the final stage of malaria elimination stage in 2005. In order to understand the costs and benefits of malaria monitoring measures during the elimination stage, the health economics of the monitoring measures should be examined. Methods: Data on the number of cases during the malaria elimination stage (2005–2019) in Fujian Province were collected and sorted. The basic economic data were obtained from the Fujian Statistical Yearbook. Based on the fundamental theories in health economics, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted based on the data. Specifically, the cost of monitoring measures during the malaria elimination stage was calculated by economic cost and compared to the benefits, which were quantified based on economic and social benefits of the monitoring measures.Results: The total cost of monitoring measures in the malaria elimination stage was estimated at 607,878,783.36 yuan (USD 87,534,544.80). The components of the total cost were: case detection and treatment, which accounted for 66.62% of costs, health education with 13.31%, epidemic monitoring, 10.05%, supervision and assessment, 5.15%, and training and meetings took 4.87%. The total benefit of the monitoring measures in the malaria elimination stage was valued at about 116,123,417,911.81 yuan (USD 16,721,772,179.30). Direct economic benefit accounted for 22.61% of the total, while the social benefit was 77.39%. The cost-benefit analysis of the malaria elimination stage showed that the net benefit of monitoring measures was about 115,515,539,128.45 yuan (USD 16,634,237,634.50) and the benefit-cost ratio was 191.03. The monitoring cost for residents was 1.08 yuan (USD 0.16) per capita, and the benefit for residents was 206.12 yuan (USD 29.68) per capita. Conclusions: The monitoring measures conducted in the malaria elimination stage are a highly cost-effective intervention for reducing the negative impact of malaria in Fujian Province. Over the past 15 years, malaria control work has achieved excellent economic and social benefits in Fujian and the work should continue. The framework and results of this study conform to the principles of health economics and have a reference value for current malaria monitoring practices.

scholarly journals Cost and Benefit Analysis of Contract Farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
N Harish
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Cost

This article focused on cost-benefit analysis of contract farming. The cost benefit analysis includes total cost, total income and profit before and after contract farming of respondents. Total cost calculated without fixed cost and with fixed cost, profit also calculated with fixed cost and without fixed cost. Contract farming is beneficial to farmers after contract farming. The total cost should be considered without fixed cost.

Clinical Efficacy and Cost Benefit of Low-Dose Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor after Standard Chemotherapy in Patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4671-4671
Author(s):  
Satoshi Hashino ◽  
Masanobu Morioka ◽  
Tatsuro Irie ◽  
Noriyuki Shiroshita ◽  
Tsugumichi Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Non Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
The Cost

Abstract High costs of molecule-targeted drugs such as rituximab, ibritumomab and tositumomab have given rise to an economical issue for treating patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF), which are also expensive, are widely used for treating neutropenia after chemotherapy. In Japan, lenograstim at 2 μg/kg (almost 100 μg/body) or filgrastim at 50 μg/m2 (almost 75 μg/body) is commonly administered for patients with NHL after chemotherapy. Therefore, cost-effectiveness is an important issue in treatment for NHL. Patients with advanced-stage NHL who needed chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or a CHOP-like regimen with or without rituximab were enrolled in this randomized cross-over trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose G-CSF. Half of the patients were administered 75 μg filgrastim in the first course after neutropenia and 50 μg lenograstim in the second course, and the other half were crossed over. Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this cross-over trial, and twenty-four patients completed the trial. Frequencies of leukocytopenia and neutropenia of grade 4 were similar in patients who received filgrastim courses and those who received lenograstim courses (p=0.6366 in leukocytopenia and p=0.2207 in neutropenia, respectively). Durations of leukocytopenia and netropenia of grade 4 in each treatment course were not different statistically (p=0.3892 in leukocytopenia and p=0.1476 in neutropenia, respectively), and each period of G-CSF administration in both courses was not different statistically (p=0.0676). Frequency of fever higher than 37.5 degrees (p=0.6826) and duration of fever (p=0.7455) were also not statistically different in the two treatment courses. Documented infection containing FN after chemotherapy was not statistically different (p=0.1213). Although the administration dose of G-CSF was not determined on the basis of body weight or body surface area, eight febrile patients were not administered insufficient dose of G-CSF. Therefore, compared with the standard-dose G-CSF course (filgrastim at 75 μg), there was no statistically increased frequency of antibiotic usage in the low-dose G-CSF course (lenograstim at 50 μg) (p=0.2199). The total cost of G-CSF in the low-dose G-CSF (lenograstim at 50 μg) course was significantly lower than that in the standard-dose G-CSF (filgrastim at 75 μg) course (p<0.0001). In this clinical study, the total cost of treatment with G-CSF at a lower dose was 62% of the cost of treatment at the standard dose. This study also suggests that the half dose descalation of lenograstim is as effective as the standard dose of filgrastim.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Sleeper Replacement Strategies: Simulation Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 1713 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree R. Lake ◽  
Luis Ferreira ◽  
Martin H. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Track Condition ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Clustering Patterns

A simulation model predicts the condition of a section of timber-sleepered railway track, including the clustering patterns of the defective sleepers and the cost of replacement under a given strategy. These results are used to perform a cost-benefit analysis of the different possible strategies for the replacement. For the simulation model, it is assumed that the life of a timber sleeper is represented by the Weibull distribution. User-controlled inputs include the length of track and the number of years to be simulated. Results generated from the model include the percentage of defective sleepers, the average life remaining, the number of clusters of various sizes, the number of sleepers replaced, and the total cost of the strategy. Investigation was conducted into the length of track that should be simulated. The length depends on the required reliability of the model. The simulated replacement strategies are compared on the basis of cost and resulting track condition.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Robotic versus Nonrobotic Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Yongjie Miao ◽  
Joy Lincoln ◽  
Marco Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Institutional Experience

Objective To date, a direct comparison of minimally invasive mitral valve repair or replacement (mini-MVR) versus robotic MVR is lacking; therefore, the purpose of this study was to address this deficit and compare mini-MVR with robotic MVR from a cost-benefit perspective. Methods From a total of 759 literature citations, 21 studies were included for statistical comparisons of benefit outcomes, whereas 3 studies and our institutional experience were used to compare costs. Results The total cost per case exceeding that of conventional MVR is approximately $2063.90 for robotic MVR and $271 for mini-MVR. Mean 30-day mortality rates for mini-MVR and robotic MVR groups were 1.24% and 0.55%, respectively [106/8548 vs 6/1089; odds ratio (OR), 2.27; P = 0.052]. The conversion rate to conventional MVR was 0.77% in mini-MVR and 1.83% in robotic MVR (35/5092 vs 22/1046; OR, 0.32; P < 0.001). The rate of neurologic events was 1.32% in mini-MVR and 2.37% in robotic MVR (109/8257 vs 20/845; OR, 0.55; P = 0.02). Postoperative atrial fibrillation was seen in 11.42% of mini-MVR patients and in 19.67% of robotic MVR patients (371/3249 vs 203/1032; OR, 0.53, P < 0.001). Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was longer in mini-MVR (137.4 vs 130.4 minutes), whereas cross-clamp time was shorter (82.2 vs 96.7 minutes). Conclusions Our comparative analysis provides insights into the clinical benefits versus variable costs relationship related to mini-MVR and robotic MVR.

QUANTUM LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN OF MANY-VALUED GALOIS REVERSIBLE EXPANSIONS AND FAST TRANSFORMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. 641-671
Author(s):  
ANAS N. AL-RABADI
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Quantum Circuit ◽  
Quantum Circuits ◽  
Circuit Synthesis ◽  
Benefit Design ◽  
Fast Transforms ◽  
Future Technologies

Many-valued quantum circuit synthesis of many-valued reversible expansions and fast transforms is introduced in this paper. Since the reduction of power consumption is a major requirement for the circuit design in future technologies, such as in quantum computing, the main features of several future technologies will include reversibility. Consequently, the new quantum circuits can play an important task in the design of future circuits that consume minimal power. In addition, the new quantum circuit methodology is general and can be used to realize any multiple-valued function in the quantum space. It is also shown that the structural generality advantage that results from the new design methodology is opposed with the increased quantum structural complexity disadvantage which may be considered in any further cost-benefit design analysis.

Cost-Benefit Analysis on Deployment of Automated Highway Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 1588 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ran ◽  
Kwun Yee Kenny Lee ◽  
Haikun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Automated Highway Systems ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Automated Highway

The optimal ranges of traffic flow and capacity will be determined for selected scenarios, in which different proportions of automated and conventional traffic will operate simultaneously in an automated highway system (AHS). It is found that there will be a substantial increase in the net benefit and the traffic flow and capacity ranges when there is a higher proportion of AHS traffic. The optimal range of capacity refers to the maximum range of traffic volumes, for which there will be some net benefit, which is the difference between the total cost and the total benefit for each flow. The total cost represents the production and operating costs of the infrastructure and the expenditure borne by the user, whereas the total benefit refers to the time saving to the user. It is concluded that more AHS vehicles should be produced in order to achieve economic efficiency, improved traffic capacity, and safety in travel.

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