Development of research infrastructure in the condition of globalization: the experience of the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Olha Holovashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Research Infrastructures

Problem setting. The research is devoted to the analysis of the development of research infrastructures of the European Union based on the experience of the Czech Republic. The article analyzes the legal basis and practice of the functioning of research infrastructures in the European Research Area, considers the typology of large research infrastructures. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of research infrastructures in the EU, in particular, on the example of the Czech Republic. Analysis of resent researches and publications. Today, aspects of the development of innovation systems and research infrastructures of the European Union are a topic for research of many domestic scientists. However, the issue of integration of the scientific and innovative system of Ukraine into the European Research Area remains urgent. Article's main body. Research infrastructures means a research facility necessary for conducting comprehensive research and development with high financial and technology demands, approved by the Government and established to be also used by other research organizations. The Czech Republic has responded to the increasing importance of research infrastructures and for the purpose of showing them as one of the key elements of the national research and innovation system. The Act on the Support of Research and Development is the principal document defining the support for R&D in the Czech Republic. It defines the key forms of financing research and development, the main governmental bodies responsible for R&D and the procedural steps for their assignment and use of this type of financial aid. According to the Roadmap of Large Research Infrastructures of the Czech Republic, the basic typology of research infrastructures divides facilities into three groups: single-sited research infrastructures situated in one place, distributed research infrastructures including a larger number of capacities situated in different places, and virtual research infrastructures. From the perspective of life cycle stages, research infrastructures are classified into research infrastructures in the preparatory phase, implementation/construction phase, operation phase and decommissioning phase. All of the above types of research infrastructures can also be found in the research and innovation system of the Czech Republic. Conclusions and prospects for the development. In recent years, the research infrastructure of the EU has undergone significant development, as evidenced by the example of the Czech Republic. As for Ukraine, which is just beginning its path in this direction, an important step was the adoption of the Concept of the State Target Program for Research Infrastructures in Ukraine until 2026, as well as the approval of the Roadmap for integration of Ukraine's research and innovation system into the European Research Area.

scholarly journals The European Research Area: in quest of the Lisbon goals

2009 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
József Mikita
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Eu

strong educational and scientific knowledge basie is one of Europe's traditional key assets that has made it possible for our continent to become world class in several research fields. Despite these great achievements, the position of the European research and technological development (RTD) potential is currently being challenged by a rapidly changing global competition, including the two main rivals, the US and Japan. The European Union (EU) is behind these countries as regards research and innovation output. Moreover, European research is faced with theimplications of globalisation of markets and industries, digitalisation and new technologies, as well as a need to address societal issues such as an ageing population or climate change.At the same time, the European Union (EU) is facing the uneven distribution of RTD capacities and excellence within its own borders, especially the EU12 countries are lagging behind in thisrespect.In order to meet this twofold challenge the EU has to step up its efforts for the creation of a legitimate "European Research Area" that will make the EU more competitive on the international scene, and also encourage the less developed EU member states to invest more and better into research and innovation.

scholarly journals Formation of a European Research Area in Evolution of Legal Regulation of European Research

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Slepak ◽  
A. A. Ariyants
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Eu

Since the end of the 20th century in Europe, there has been a tendency to accumulate scientific knowledge, increase the level of competitiveness of European research and the mobility of scientists themselves. The goals and objectives set by the European Union are realized through the creation of a single European research area and the implementation of special framework programs. It is determined that today the European Union is one of the world leaders in research and innovation. It is scientific knowledge, experience, high standards of research, developed research infrastructure that guarantee many years of successful cooperation between the EU and other countries. Contacts between Russia and the EU in the field of scientific and technical cooperation are developing quite actively. Both in the EU and in Russia, the development of effective innovation policies and programs is important for the development of a knowledge-based economy and an increase in the efficiency of investments in research and development.

EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL PREREQUISITES AND INTEGRATION APPROACHES FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (Vol 19, No 3 (2020)) ◽  
pp. 456-481
Author(s):  
Viacheslav LIASHENKO ◽  
Iryna PIDORYCHEVA ◽  
Valentyna ANTONIUK
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Industrial Economics ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Sector ◽  
European Partner ◽  
Innovation Space

The paper is dedicated to the issues of Ukraine’s integration into the European Research Area (ERA) – a single research and innovation space open to the world and based on the internal market, which ensures the free exchange of researchers, scientific knowledge and technology. A comparative analysis of the institutional prerequisites for the creation of a single European research and innovation area has been conducted. The legislative basis of the European integration vector of Ukraine’s development in the science, technology and innovation sector is substantiated, while the flaws in the organisational and institutional support for euro-integrational reforms are identified. The idea and phases of ERA development are considered, the problems of implementing the Roadmap of Ukraine’s integration of into ERA are defined. The main European programs of scientific, technological and innovative cooperation are systematized and Ukraine’s participation in them is analysed. The case of cooperation between the Silesian Technological University «Silesian Polytechnic in Gliwice» and the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is considered as a positive example of establishing collaboration in research and development between Ukrainian and European partner organizations. The authors propose the framework for creating institutional conditions that would ensure proper functioning and cohesion of the scientific, technological and innovative sector of Ukraine, as well as its effective integration to ERA in compliance with the strategic interests of international cooperation.

scholarly journals Strategic Directions of Ukraine's Integration into the Educational, Research and Innovation Areas of the EU

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
О. Vyshnevskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
High Tech ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the article is to determine the strategic directions for the integration of educational, research and innovation areas of Ukraine into the corresponding areas of the EU, taking into account the economic interests of Ukraine. These areas can be delimited from each other by the product they create. The product of the educational area is the reproduction of existing knowledge, of the research area is the creation of new knowledge (novation), of the innovation area – innovation. With regard to areas, three types of integration can be proposed: (1) complete; (2) partial; (3) element-wise. Complete integration of the two areas provides for the formation of a single institutional environment and the corresponding links. In this case, there is an institutional absorption of one area by another. Partial integration of areas will take place through their intersection. In this case, new elements are formed, which simultaneously have connections corresponding to the first and second areas, and the institutional environment becomes mixed. Element-wise integration occurs when elements from one area are integrated into another area. For instance, a researcher or student from country A migrates to country B for permanent residence. Based on statistical observations for 2013-2019 it can be argued that the results of the activities of the Ukrainian research area are used to a greater extent in the EU than the results of the EU research area in Ukraine. And ultimately, novations created in the Ukrainian research area are transformed into innovations in the European innovation area and returned (imported) to Ukraine in the form of final high-tech products. From the standpoint of ensuring the economic growth of Ukraine, the current path of integration processes is not optimal. The transformation of the Ukrainian educational, research and innovation areas into the subareas of the EU ensures, first of all, the economic growth (on an innovative basis) of the EU, and not of Ukraine. So, given that the European research area is only an instrument for achieving certain EU goals, then the unconditional inclusion of Ukraine to this instrument turns the Ukrainian area into its component. For the Ukrainian economy, the optimal strategic direction for integrating the educational, research and innovation areas of Ukraine and the EU is their synthesis through the creation of a single space at the intersection of the areas of Ukraine and the EU, as well as element-wise integration from the areas of the EU into the areas of Ukraine. As a result, the Roadmap for Ukraine’s Integration into the European Research Area requires revision.

Mění se pozice evropských výzkumných lídrů?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorie Klímová ◽  
Vladimír Žítek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Position ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The West ◽  
The Czech Republic

The article is based on the assumption that research and development is a crucial source for creating innovations and increasing competitiveness. There are significant disparities in research and development across the regions of the European Union. Some regions have long been considered European research leaders, and other regions perceive them as an inspiration for themselves. However, the position of leaders may not be permanent. The aim of the paper is to assess how stable is the position of European regions, which have long been considered European leaders in R&D. For this purpose, gross and business expenditures on research and development were analysed, and their changes between the periods 2007-2009 and 2015-2017 were assessed. The analysis has shown that the Nordic countries, such as Finland and Sweden, are losing their good position. Increasing research activity has been observed only in the West Sweden region. On the other hand, growing trends have been detected mainly in some regions of Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals The ERIC Consortium a new type of EU research institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Carlo Rizzuto
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
Community Law ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
International Funding ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
New Type ◽  
Set Up

The European Research Infrastructure Consortia (ERICs) are changing the landscape of the European Research Area. ERICs are set-up by EU Community law to establish and operate open access Research Infrastructures in all fields of science, based on national and international funding. The 20 + ERICs have now a major impact in extensive fields of research.

scholarly journals Legal Foundations of Funding Fundamental Science Projects within the Horizon Europe Programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-442
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Slepak ◽  
N. A. Pozhilova
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Investment Horizon ◽  
European Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Framework Programmes ◽  
Research Organisations

Since the end of the twentieth century, there has been a trend in Europe towards the accumulation of scientific knowledge, increasing the competitiveness of European research and the mobility of scientists themselves. The goals and objectives set by the European Union are being realised through the creation of a common European Research Area and the implementation of special framework programmes. The EU funding for basic research is now being pursued under a new framework programme known as Horizon Europe. Despite a number of changes caused by the increasing complexity of the structure of the bodies involved in funding research projects, grants to researchers, including through the activities of the European Research Council, remain the main sourсe of investment. Horizon Europe provides research and innovation funding for multinational cooperation projects as well as for individual researchers and supports SMEs with a special funding instrument. Attention should also be paid to such aspects of the programme implementation as European partnerships (in various forms) and research infrastructures. However, despite all the positive experiences of the previous framework programmes, the current legal regulations make it very difficult for researchers from third countries to participate in the call for proposals, usually the possible implementation of such projects is subject to the participation of European researchers or research organisations, thereby ensuring EU competitiveness in the international arena.

scholarly journals EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL PREREQUISITES AND INTEGRATION APPROACHES FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (Issue Vol 20, No 3 (2021)) ◽  
pp. 456-481
Author(s):  
Viacheslav LIASHENKO ◽  
Iryna PIDORYCHEVA ◽  
Valentyna ANTONIUK
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
European Research Area ◽  
European Research ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Industrial Economics ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Sector ◽  
European Partner ◽  
Innovation Space

The paper is dedicated to the issues of Ukraine’s integration into the European Research Area (ERA) – a single research and innovation space open to the world and based on the internal market, which ensures the free exchange of researchers, scientific knowledge and technology. A comparative analysis of the institutional prerequisites for the creation of a single European research and innovation area has been conducted. The legislative basis of the European integration vector of Ukraine’s development in the science, technology and innovation sector is substantiated, while the flaws in the organisational and institutional support for euro-integrational reforms are identified. The idea and phases of ERA development are considered, the problems of implementing the Roadmap of Ukraine’s integration of into ERA are defined. The main European programs of scientific, technological and innovative cooperation are systematized and Ukraine’s participation in them is analysed. The case of cooperation between the Silesian Technological University «Silesian Polytechnic in Gliwice» and the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is considered as a positive example of establishing collaboration in research and development between Ukrainian and European partner organizations. The authors propose the framework for creating institutional conditions that would ensure proper functioning and cohesion of the scientific, technological and innovative sector of Ukraine, as well as its effective integration to ERA in compliance with the strategic interests of international cooperation.

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