Soviet heroic characters in the Belarusian war folklore
Based on materials collected by Belarusian Soviet folklorists in the first and later post-war expeditions, the paper examines manifestations of folklorization as part of assimilation and reinterpretation of different texts by the oral tradition. It focuses primarily on non-canonical war folklore, the examples of which are clustered around the three elements of the character code of Soviet heroics. Common songs about Kolya the Tractor Driver belong to the semantic field of the myth of the so-called “fiery tractor driver” — Pyotr Dyakov. They demonstrate that official art that could meet popular ideas of the war as a social and personal trauma were mostly open to folklorization. Folk songs about Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya vividly embody the motifs of suffering and demonstrate an expressive shift of the genre and content boundary from Soviet heroics to late traditional ballad forms. They substantively reveal the tragedy of human collision with the world of war. Songs about Zaslonov, popular among Belarusian partisans are derived from a productive ballad story about the death of a soldier. They steadily retain the semantics of the hero — people's defender. The revitalization of plots with such heroes — nation`s protectors is characteristic of the oral tradition of the period of social cataclysms. Songs about Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and Konstantin Zaslonov are among the few that retained elements of their characters’ personal features in spite of being a part of the popular repertoire of the post-war period.