scholarly journals Prospects and problems of using liquefied natural gas as fuel on river ships in the northern steaming line of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Lev V. Ivanov ◽  
Alexey V. Soloviev ◽  
Ernest V. Rumiantcev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Tank ◽  
Operating Costs

The article discusses the prospects for the modernization of projects of ships operating in the water areas of the main Siberian rivers, for the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as the main type of fuel, as well as problems associated with the adaptation of existing ship designs. LNG is a cheap, energy efficient, and more environmentally friendly analogue of traditional diesel fuel (DF). Unification of adaptation projects for common types of main engines of ships from northern shipping companies will significantly reduce operating costs. Modernization problems are associated with the storage of fuel stock on ships. The lower density of LNG in comparison with diesel fuel, as well as the need to use a cryogenic fuel tank, reduces the autonomy of the ship's operation on LNG. The analysis carried out in the article showed that with modernization, the autonomy of navigation in terms of fuel reserves can decrease by 2 times

HIGH-RESPONSE COMPLEX FOR ANALYZING DROPLETS AND VAPORS IN AEROSOL CLOUDS FORMED IN THE ATMOSPHEREDUE TO LIQUID DISPERSION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. ZAGNIT'KO ◽  
◽  
N. P. ZARETSKIY ◽  
I. D. MATSUKOV ◽  
V. V. PIMENOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
High Response ◽  
Liquid Dispersion ◽  
Diagnostic Complex ◽  
Response Complex

The high-response diagnostic complex for remote control and analyses of droplets and vapors of mazut, oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel and liquefied natural gas in the clouds and turbulent aerosolflows in the atmosphere with volume up to 107 m3 is described.

Development of a Crashworthy High Capacity Under Frame CNG Storage Solution for Locomotives

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Stewart ◽  
Les Olson ◽  
Dave Cook
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Storage System ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Fuel Tank ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Rail Industry ◽  
The Cost

The potential opportunities for fuel cost and emissions reduction as a result of converting from diesel to natural gas (NG) are well known in the rail industry. Recent developments in domestic sources for petroleum have both lowered the cost and stabilized the natural gas market making the adoption of NG more strategically viable than ever before. NG Engine conversion systems for medium speed diesel engines have been available for over 20 years and environmental incentives are helping to further support the adoption of NG not only as an alternate fuel, but possibly as the new primary fuel. The major challenge for railroad transition to NG is now to develop a manageable and cost effective on board storage architecture with capacity to provide sufficient range to meet industry acceptance for general use. For long haul applications, the solution has been to add a large locomotive NG tender. For short line, switcher and commuter applications, the fuel cost benefits do not warrant the cost and complexity of such a system. For these short to medium range applications, an “on locomotive” storage system with a capacity equivalent to a minimum of 500 diesel gallons is a better solution. This paper summarizes the development of a crashworthy, high capacity, underframe NG storage solution packaged in the form factor normally occupied by the conventional locomotive diesel fuel tank (Fig. 1). Primary challenges for the CNG storage system solution are to achieve high storage density and crashworthiness while within the confines of existing AAR M-1001Plate C profile. It is expected that the system is to meet both the CFR/FRA structural requirements for diesel tanks and relevant DOT requirements for CNG cylinders used in mobile applications. The NG storage system presented consists of an outer enclosure which mounts to the locomotive similarly to the existing diesel fuel tank. The enclosure contains and interfaces with NG cylinders specifically designed for the application. The system design withstands the various load requirements defined in 49 CFR Part 238 Appendix D, that simulate both jackknife derailment and class 8 truck side impact scenarios. NG cylinders within the enclosure must be approved for use in this application and have sufficient capacity and maintainability to create new opportunities for NG conversion in the rail industry. The primary design goal for the storage system is to integrate the cylinder size and configuration within the enclosure such that storage volume is maximized and crash impact loads are minimized. Impact loads are distributed through the system ensuring that point loading sufficient to breach one or more of the NG cylinders or fuel lines does not occur. An overview of the development and results of physical derailment and side impact testing performed in support of this effort are presented.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF RUSSIAN PROJECTS OF LNG EXPORT TO THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION’S COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Nikita Ignatyev ◽  
Irina Provornaya
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method

In this work, the Monte Carlo method is used to determine the effectiveness of investments of Russian projects of the export of liquefied natural gas to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, namely Japan, China and South Korea. The volumes of capital costs for the construction of the facility, operating costs for the operation of the facility, the price of liquefied natural gas were chosen as free parameters in the application of the Monte Carlo method. To perform the work, a forecast of prices for liquefied natural gas in the Asia-Pacific region was made based on the forecast of prices for Brent crude oil. Furthermore, the paper presents a forecast of operating costs for the operation of the project until 2035. The result is to determine the economic efficiency of the Yamal LNG project. The application of the Monte Carlo method showed that the net present value of the project by 2035 is most likely to be about $ 22 billion. Such an excellent result was possible due to the significant tax benefits provided by the state in accordance with the program of development of the oil and gas industry in the Arctic part of Russia.

Economic evaluation of energy efficient hydrate based desalination utilizing cold energy from liquefied natural gas (LNG)

Desalination ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 463 ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Rong Chong ◽  
Tianbiao He ◽  
Ponnivalavan Babu ◽  
Jia-nan Zheng ◽  
Praveen Linga
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Cold Energy

Effects of Load Ratio on Dual-Fuel Engine Operated with Pilot Diesel Fuel and Liquefied Natural Gas

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1389-1393
Author(s):  
Qiang Shi ◽  
Chun Hua Zhang ◽  
Yan Chao Cai ◽  
Ju Xiang Fang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Turbocharged Diesel Engine ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Co Emission

In order to study the application of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) on diesel engine, a turbocharged diesel engine was converted into a dual-fuel engine ignited by diesel fuel. The effects of load ratio on fuel economy and emissions of dual-fuel engine were compared and analyzed at engine speed of 1200 r/min, 1600 r/min and 2200 r/min. The experimental results show that, the specific fuel consumption is reduced with the increase of load ratio at different speeds. As the load ratio increases, CO emission of dual-fuel reduces, but it increases slightly at high loads and full load. When the load ratio is less than 40%, HC emission of dual-fuel is reduced significantly with the increase of load, but increases when the load ratio continues to increase, and finally HC emission is stable. When the load ratio is less than 40 %, NOx emission is relatively low, as the load ratio increases, increases sharply, but at high loads and full load, reduces slightly.

Modeling of a Spray of Diesel Fuel with Dissolved Liquefied Natural Gas

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Hasanain A. Abdul Wahhab ◽  
Mahdi A. Ismael ◽  
A. Rashid A. Aziz ◽  
Morgan R. Heikal ◽  
Hussain H. Al-Kayiem
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas

scholarly journals On the expediency of using liquefied natural gas in refrigerated containers with mounted diesel generators

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Igor G. KISELEV ◽  
◽  
Sergey B. KOMISSAROV ◽  
Dmitry Ya. MONASTYRSKY ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

Objective: Analysis of the feasibility of using LNG as an alternative to diesel fuel in mobile power units used as a power source for refrigeration units of refrigerated containers. Methods: Natural gas has been compared to diesel fuel in terms of the economic characteristics; exergy analysis, systema111 tic approach, and synthesis have been used. Results: The economic feasibility of replacing diesel fuel with LNG for power units of refrigerated containers is determined; general issues of converting from diesel fuel to LNG were considered; possible ways of utilizing cold during regasification are proposed; emissions of harmful substances from the combustion of LNG and diesel fuel were compared. Practical importance: The study findings can be applied when converting mobile power units for various purposes from diesel fuel to LNG, as well as for in-depth analysis of individual problems of using LNG as a fue.

scholarly journals Analysis of test results of a household absorption refrigerating appliance on an electric and gas source of thermal energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1(60)) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Daniyorbek Adambayev ◽  
Alexander Titlov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration ◽  
Waste Products

One of the biggest challenges for refrigeration systems is their conversion to environmentally friendly refrigerants. This attracts the attention of developers of household refrigeration equipment to absorption refrigeration devices (ARD), which include an absorption refrigeration unit (ARU). ARD working fluid consists of natural components - ammonia water solution with the addition of an inert gas (hydrogen). Therefore, the use of ARU can be considered as one of the options for transferring to environmentally friendly refrigerants. In recent years, in connection with the rapidly developing gasification of the population of Europe, an alternative has arisen - the operation of household ARD on natural gas. Natural gas can become an alternative to electrical energy in stationary operating conditions of household refrigeration appliances. Thus, the object of the study was a single-chamber household refrigerator with a low-temperature compartment "Kiev-410" (Ukraine). In this paper, the study is aimed at comparing the thermal modes of operation and the costs of operating a household ARD on electric energy and natural gas. To solve this, it was necessary to determine the temperatures at the characteristic points of the refrigeration apparatus and in the chamber, as well as the energy consumption of the absorption-type apparatus in accordance with regulatory documents, at various values of the thermal load on the thermosyphon and various ambient temperatures. The studies were carried out at elevated outdoor temperatures: 28–33 ° С. The range of thermal loads on the ARU thermosyphon electric heater was 50–130 W. The range of numerical values of natural gas consumption in the burner was (2.8–8.8) • 10-6 m3/s. In the process of conducting experimental studies of household ARD, results were obtained showing the economic prospects of working in stationary conditions on natural gas. At the same time, ARD of increased useful volume (200 dm3 and above) has the greatest prospects. The daily operating costs in them are 0.078...0.084 USD, which is 23...27 % lower than the case of using electricity. When the ARU thermosyphon is built into the heating and hot water supply system, it becomes possible to use the temperature potential of the waste products of combustion and completely eliminate operating costs.

scholarly journals Procedure for Haul Truck On-Board LNG Fuel Systems Performance Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiy Dubov ◽  
Dmitriy Trukhmanov ◽  
Iliya Kuznetsov ◽  
Sergey Nokhrin ◽  
Aleksey Sergel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Lng Fuel ◽  
Haul Truck ◽  
High Payload ◽  
Diesel Operation

The state-of-the-art of the advantages of using liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel for haul trucks instead of oil motor fuel is considered. It is noted that the energy intensity of the process of rock mass hauling by dual-fuel (gas-diesel) haul trucks is less than that of haul trucks running on diesel only. It is argued that the most promising in relation to heavy-duty mining trucks, is the conversion of diesel engines to gas-diesel operation. The universal integrated procedure for evaluating currently used haul truck on-board cryogenic fuel systems performance is presented. The method of evaluating the “rate of replacement” of diesel fuel with liquefied natural gas, when operating haul trucks equipped with on-board cryogenic fuel systems, is described in detail. The possible sequence of per-cycle, per-ingle-shift and per-day monitoring of the rate of diesel fuel replacement with liquefied natural gas is presented. The method for evaluating the economic efficiency of the operation of high-payload-capacity haul trucks conversed to gas-diesel operation is given, which allows, among other things, determining the actual service life of on-board cryogenic fuel systems and their time to failure.

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