Optical diagnostics of hydrogen-air diffusion flame

Work motivation – adaptation of optical Hilbert diagnostic methods for visualization and study of optical density and phase temperature fields in the structure of an axisymmetric diffusion hydrogen-air flame. The diagnostic complex is implemented on the basis of the IAB-451 device with modified blocks of optical filtering, information source and processing. A laminar jet flame H2/N2 in still air is considered. The investigated torch is oriented vertically. Visualization of phase disturbances induced by the medium under study in a multi-wavelength probing (λ1 = 636 nm, λ2 = 537 nm and λ3 = 466 nm) light field is performed using polychromatic Hilbert and Foucault-Hilbert transformations in combination with registration and pixel-by-pixel processing of the dynamic RGB image structure. The dynamic phase structure of the diffusion flame is visualized. The initial temperature approximation, based on the assumption of an air mixture, is corrected so that the calculated hilbertogram matches the measured one as closely as possible. The data obtained are in good agreement with the results of thermocouple measurements. The temperature was recorded by thermocouples at reference points. The phase function is reconstructed in axisymmetric sections from RGB-hilbertograms. The reliability of the results is confirmed by comparing the experimentally obtained hilbertograms and hilbertograms reconstructed from phase structures using the Abel transform.

Features of professional development of students with different levels of responsibility

В статье рассматриваются вопросы личностного развития студентов на этапе профессиональной подготовки в вузе. В частности, формирование у них ответственности, которая является важным профессиональным качеством педагога. Цель исследования — выявление особенностей профессионального развития студентов с низкими и высокими показателями «ответственности», которые отражают уровень социальной зрелости личности. Низкие показатели «ответственности» человека свидетельствуют о его «легкомысленности»: в своих решениях и поступках он руководствуется скорее сиюминутными побуждениями, чем чувством долга. Часто такой человек недооценивает значимость некоторых ситуаций, требующих серьезного подхода. Высокие значения присущи самостоятельному человеку, готовому нести ответственность за свои решения и поступки. В работе также представлены результаты тестирования студентов филиала Российского государственного профессионально-педагогического университета в городе Нижний Тагил, проведенного с использованием компьютерного диагностического комплекса «Профкарьера». Статистически подтверждено, что студенты с низкими показателями «ответственности» в большей степени склонны к коммуникативной и инновационной деятельности, им следует развивать навыки самоорганизации и эмоциональной регуляции. Студенты с высокими показателями «ответственности» более склонны к управленческой и аналитической деятельности, им рекомендуется овладеть приемами тайм-менеджмента и развивать умение управлять другими людьми. The article deals with the issues of an individual’s professional development at the stage of professional training at a university. It is noted that being responsible is a vital principle and a professionally important quality of a teacher. The study aims to identify the characteristics of the professional development of students with low and high indicators of “responsibility”, which reflect the level of social maturity of the individual. Low indicators of “responsibility” characterize a person as “frivolous” who is guided by momentary motives rather than by a sense of duty in his decisions and actions. Often such a person does not take some situations that require a mature approach seriously. High values characterize a person as independent and ready to take responsibility for their decisions and actions. The students of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University branch in the city of Nizhny Tagil testing results, carried out using the computer diagnostic complex “Profkaryera”, are presented. It is statistically confirmed that students with low indicators of “responsibility” are more inclined to communicative and innovative activities; they should develop self-organization and emotional regulation skills. Students with high scores of “responsibility” are more inclined to administrative and analytical activities; they are encouraged to master time management techniques and develop the ability to manage other people.

EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WHO HAVE SUFFERED A MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

На всех этапах восстановления после инфаркта миокарда (ИМ) увеличение физической активности пациентов пожилого возраста - одна из важных составляющих реабилитационного процесса. Безусловно, на ранних стадиях ИМ определенные ограничения физической активности позволяют уменьшить нагрузку на миокард, снизить его потребности в кислороде и создать условия для скорейшего заживления. В последующем, в зависимости от динамики и показателей работы сердечно-сосудистой системы, пациента пожилого возраста переводят с одной ступениактивностинадругую, оцениваютуровень АД, ЧСС, наличие аритмии, данные электрокардиограммы, данные эхо-КГ показателей, а также индивидуальную переносимость нагрузок. На сегодняшний день для медицинской реабилитации пациентов пожилого возраста, перенесших ИМ, актуальным является применение различных вариантов механотерапии. Представляет интерес применение механотерапии по программе комплекса David Back Concept (силовая тренировка). Он представляет собой комплект из тренажеров для работы над мышцами спины. Настоящий лечебно-диагностический комплекс предназначен для диагностики, лечения и профилактики патологий опорно-двигательной системы, а также для реабилитации пациентов после хирургических вмешательств и травм позвоночника. Для восстановления физического статуса до оптимально достижимого уровня, определяемого возможностями адаптационных механизмов пожилого человека, в программе медицинской реабилитации пациентов пожилого возраста с ИБС и после перенесенного ИМ нами применен программный комплекс David Back Concept и оценено его влияние на гемодинамические показатели. At all stages of recovery after myocardial infarction (MI), the expansion of physical activity of elderly patients is one of the most important components. Of course, certain restrictions can reduce the load on the myocardium, reduce its oxygen needs and create conditions for early healing. Subsequently, depending on the dynamics and indicators of the cardiovascular system, the elderly patient is transferred from one stage of activity to another, the level of blood pressure, the number of heartbeats, the presence of arrhythmia, electrocardiogram data, EchoCG data, as well as individual load tolerance are evaluated. To date, there is a huge selection of optimal options for selecting methods of medical rehabilitation for elderly patients who have suffered a MI, and one of them is mechanotherapy. The mechanical therapy program of the David Back Concept complex - strength training is a set of simulators for working on the back muscles. The medical and diagnostic complex is designed for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, as well as for the rehabilitation of patients after surgical interventions and spinal injuries. Medical rehabilitation of elderly patients with coronary heart disease and after a MI through mechanotherapy, the program of the David Back Concept complex, provides for the restoration of their physical and social status to an optimally achievable level, determined by the capabilities of adaptive mechanisms.

Abstract P161: Blood Pressure And Vascular Stiffness With Increased Body Weight In Young People In The Aspect Of The Obesity Paradox

Background: The relationship of arterial stiffness, which is marker of vascular age, with the main risk factors (RF) was studied mainly in adults and elderly. Purpose - to evaluate associations of various body mass (BM) with vascular stiffness, blood pressure (BP) and some other RF in young people. Material and Methods: Within the framework of the National Preventive Project "University Territory of Health", 264 students (93 boys and 171 girls) aged 18-25 years were evaluated for BP and profile of metabolic RF - total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and glucose. Vascular stiffness was determined using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which was measured using diagnostic complex VaSera-1500 (Fucuda Denshi, Japan). Students were divided into groups according to BM-index: 1group - insufficient BM; 2 group - normal BM and 3 group - overweight. Data processing was performed using software package "Statistica 10.0" (StatSoft Inc, USA). Results: It turned out CAVI values in three observation groups, formed by BM indicator, in boys averaged 6.8 ±0.2, 5.9 ± 0.1 and 5.4 ± 0.1, and in girls - 6,1 ± 0,11, 5,9 ± 0,05 and 5,7 ±0,13. In boys, differences between groups on this indicator reached significant level (p = 0,032). At same time, systolic and diastolic BP from first to third group rose in boys by 9 and 2, and in girls - by 11 and 4 mm Hg. TC, LDL and TG also increased from first to third group in boys by 0.5, 0.4 and 0.5, and in girls - by 0.6, 0.7 and 0.65 mmol/l. HDL decreased in these groups in boys by 0.07, and in girls - by 0.37 mmol/l. The glucose level from first to third group increased by 0.12 in boys and 0.14 mmol/l in girls. Conclusion: A decrease in the vascular stiffness index CAVI was found among young people as their BM increased. It is noteworthy that in young people with an increased BM, positive changes in vascular rigidity occur in the presence of negative changes in hemodynamic and metabolic parameters, which are more significantly represented among girls. Further in-depth research is needed to clarify the mechanisms that regulate the relationship between metabolic status of young people and peculiarities of their vascular remodeling.

Research of neuropsychiatric stability in youth

Статья посвящена изучению проблеме нейропсихологической устойчивости будущих педагогов и описанию результатов пилотного эксперимента в рамках исследовательской работы на тему «Личный потенциал будущих учителей: детерминанты и динамика». Как никогда, сегодня педагоги оказались в прямом и переносном смысле этого слова, на передовой. Нейропсихологическая устойчивость, либо, ее противоположное значение – нейропсихологическая неустойчивость, является одним из ведущих маркеров готовности к педагогической деятельности у сегодняшних студентов, показателем возможности адаптивных отклонений, функциональной недостаточности будущих педагогов. Авторами проведено теоретическое изыскание по заявленной проблеме и, на основе выделенных теоретических положений проведено исследование, при помощи диагностической методики «Прогноз» и диагностического комплекса «Модуль» на испытуемых юношеского возраста. По результатам исследования, авторы приходят к выводу о необходимости массового исследования нервно-психической устойчивости у молодых людей, будущих педагогических работников и повествуют о выявленных особенностях НПУ в описываемом возрасте, на данной выборке. The article is devoted to the study of the problem of neuropsychological stability of future teachers and the description of the results of a pilot experiment in the framework of a research work on the topic "Personal potential of future teachers: determinants and dynamics". More than ever, today teachers are in the direct and figurative sense of the word, on the front line. Neuropsychological stability, or its opposite meaning – neuropsychological instability, is one of the leading markers of readiness for pedagogical activity in today's students, an indicator of the possibility of adaptive deviations, functional insufficiency of future teachers. The authors conducted a theoretical study on the stated problem and, on the basis of the selected theoretical provisions, conducted a study using the diagnostic method "Prognosis "and the diagnostic complex" Module" on young subjects. Based on the results of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that there is a need for a mass study of neuropsychiatric stability in young people, future teachers, and tell about the identified features of the NSU at the described age, in this sample.

MOBILE MICROFOCAL X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC COMPLEX IN THE IMAGING OF PREMATURE NEWBORNS

Aim. Estimation of the diagnostic capabilities of microfocal X-ray diagnostic complex for the imaging of premature newborns. Materials and methods. The study was performed on the base of Almazov National Medical Research Centre. The study included X-ray examinations of 156 premature newborns using the method of microfocus radiography: 139 X-ray images of the chest, 17 X-ray images of the abdomen. Imaging was performed using the projection magnification technique with the patient positioned close to the X-ray source. Results. The microfocal X-ray images had the necessary quality for the diagnosis of pathological changes in the chest and abdomen for babies. Patient dose estimation was based on the radiation output of the X-ray unit and tube current-time product. For the maximum values of tube voltage, tube current and exposure time effective doses did not exceed 0.02 mSv, corresponding to negligible radiation risk category. Conclusion. Microfocal radiography allows performing informative X-ray examinations of premature newborns, especially using the projection magnification technique. The use of microfocal X-ray diagnostic complex allows reducing patient doses, increasing the mobility and usability of the X-ray equipment. The first experience of clinical application of microfocal radiography in neonatology and pediatrics with projection magnification of the X-ray image was evaluated as successful.

MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF APPLYING CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC COMPLEX OF ORTHODONTIC METHODS FOR RESTORING DESTROYED CORONAL PART OF TEETH

Improving the quality of restoration of the destroyed coronal part of the teeth by orthopaedic methods has led to significant scientific and clinical interest and has been discussed in numerous reports, but the issues on reparative regeneration and restoration of the gingival margin relief in the area of ​​the anterior group of teeth after reconstructive orthodontic measures in the case of restoration of destroyed tooth crowns and deep subgingival carious destruction have not been sufficiently studied yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbiological peculiarities of applying a clinical diagnostic complex of manipulations designed to restore anterior teeth with cast posts to provide the grounds for long-term favourable outcomes of further orthopaedic treatment in order to obtain aesthetic appearance, taking into account the state of the surrounding soft tissues. To carry out high-quality preparation of periodontal tissues around the abutment tooth, patients underwent gingivectomy using a scalpel with a disposable blade, diode laser electrocoagulation and coagulation. The effectiveness of each method of the preparation of the marginal gingiva was evaluated by the findings of clinical and microbiological studies. We have found out all three tested methods of forming a new gum relief in the root area of ​​a preserved tooth can significantly improve the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora in the stump area. A significant decrease in the frequency of biotope colonization by pathogenic and transient microorganisms and the improvement of the species composition in the local oral microbiocenosis can be achieved by cutting the hypertrophied epithelial edge of the cervical area with a microsurgical scalpel and using laser coagulation. Clinical and microbiological studies have confirmed the effectiveness of the clinical diagnostic complex of techniques for preparing the marginal gum around the root of the tooth, which is planned for orthodontic treatment with a post and an inlay. The use of a diode laser has been found to show the highest efficiency compared to other presented methods. All of the above techniques can be used in dental practice as methods of choice.

THE USE OF A FORMATIVE EXPERIMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING AND FORMATION OF THE SUBJECTIVITY OF FUTURE TEACHERS

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of the development of critical thinking and the formation of the subjectivity of a future teacher in the modern world. A theoretical analysis of literature on the problem considered is presented. On the basis of the analysis the author of the article specified definitions of the concepts “subjectivity” and “critical thinking”. The course and results of experimental work on the development of critical thinking and the formation of subjectivity of future teachers are presented. The article provides the rationale for the developed diagnostic complex of methods necessary for the study, as well as a complex of external and internal psychological and pedagogical conditions. The results of the study are presented that confirm the effectiveness of the implemented set of conditions and the dynamics of the formation of the studied personality traits of the future teacher.

Modern possibilities of diagnostics of tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection

The problem of the steady growth of HIV-associated tuberculosis has become increasingly urgent in recent years in Russia. Diagnosis of tuberculosis is particularly difficult at the stage of severe immunodeficiency. Objective. to evaluate the effectiveness of the T-SPOT ® method.TB in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in patients with HIV infection. Materials and methods. in the period for 2019-2020, the T-SPOT®.TB results were analyzed in 396 patients. The criteria for inclusion in this study were the age of 18 years and older, the diagnosis of HIV infection, follow-up at the AIDS center. Results. in the group with a positive T-SPOT®.TB and changes on the computed tomogram, the verified diagnosis of tuberculosis was 90.7% of the group with both signs and 75.5% of those with a positive result T-SPOT®.TB. The group with a positive result T-SPOT®.TB and no changes on the CT scan is 16.8% of those with a positive result T-SPOT®.TB,such patients were diagnosed with „latent tuberculosis infection”. Conclusion. T-SPOT®.TB can be used in the diagnostic complex of monitoring patients with HIV infections — as a screening method that allows not only to verify the diagnosis, but also to detect latent tuberculosis.

Diagnostic research on psychological competence for bachelors of physical culture and sport sphere

Цель диагностического исследования – сравнительный анализ исходного и достигнутого, в результате поэтапного формирования, уровней психологической компетентности выпускников бакалавриата физкультурно-спортивной сферы (ФКС). Проверяется гипотеза о существенном росте уровня компетентности и отсутствии значимого влияния вынужденной дистанционной формы организации обучения на измеряемые показатели. Для решения диагностических исследовательских задач разработан и использован оригинальный методический комплекс, соответствующий концептуальной модели психологической компетентности, интегрирующей мотивационный, когнитивный, операциональный, ценностно-нравственный и рефлексивный блоки. Результаты диагностики подтвердили исходные научные предположения. Продемонстрирована высокая эффективность поэтапного формирования готовности специалиста в учебном процессе. Выявлено несоответствие высокого уровня потенциальной мотивационной направленности личности студентов на творческую активность с очень низким уровнем их реальной учебной мотивации на творческую самореализацию. Это требует использования творческих форм организации обучения. The main purpose of a diagnostic research is to make a comparative analysis of initial versus and final levels psychological competencies determined of the staging its development in educational process. The hypothesis is verified of about sufficient growth in the level of competences for specialist of physical culture and sport sphere and about absence of changes for distant form education. We have elaborated the original diagnostic complex corresponding to structural-functional model of psychological competence, including motivation, cognitive, operational, reflexive and value-moral readiness. Diagnostic results of the research confirmed the initial scientific hypothesis about psychological competence at bachelors of physical culture and sport sphere. It's demonstrated high effectiveness of successive development psychological competence for specialist in the education. We have revealed discrepancy with high level potential motivation student's personality into creative activity and very low of real educational motives for self-realization. It is necessary to use more creative forms of educational work with students.