scholarly journals Evaluation and Analysis of Tractor Driver’s Seat Vibrations without Implements and with Implements during Tillage Process

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 403-409
Author(s):  
Harbhinder Singh ◽  
◽  
Munish Mehta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Horizontal Direction ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Day To Day Operations ◽  
First Time

In day to day operations tractor has to move with tillage implements and without tillage implements. In this work emphasis has been given to compare the effect of vibrations on driver’s seat of tractor while working with implements during tillage and while working without implements. The experiment was conducted in the fields of Punjab (India). During the experiment, first time the tractor was made to move without implements and second time tractor was moving with chisel plough (tillage implement). Both times real time vibration data of driver’s seat was collected with three-axis accelerometer and it was observed that when tractor was moving without implements the vibration amplitude was highest in vertical direction Z as compared to transverse direction Y and horizontal direction X. But when the tractor was moving in the fields with tillage implement (chisel plough) the vibration amplitude was high in transverse direction Y relative to horizontal direction X and vertical direction Z.

In Vitro Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Three-Dimensional Imaging and Volume System

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Brinkley ◽  
Saundra K. Muramatsu ◽  
W. Desmond McCallum ◽  
Richard L. Popp
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Horizontal Direction ◽  
Volume Determination ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Repeatability Error ◽  
Point Determination

A method is described for developing three dimensional organ reconstructions and volumes from a series of arbitrarily oriented real time ultrasonic scans. In vitro evaluations of this method assessed the accuracy of three dimensional point determination and the accuracy of volume determination. The overall repeatability error of three dimensional point determination was found to be 0.6 cm in the horizontal direction and 0.3 cm in the vertical direction; most of this error was caused by the ultrasound resolution and errors in the 3D position locator. The accuracy of volume determination was assessed on balloons, kidneys and left ventricular molds. Thirty volume trials on 10 balloons gave 27 out of 30 calculations within 1.8 percent of true volume. Eighteen trials on 6 kidneys gave 17 out of 18 calculations within 5.1 percent of true volume. Fifteen trials on 5 human left ventricular molds gave 13 out of 15 calculations within −5.9 percent of the true volume. It is concluded that this technique provides the potential for accurate non-invasive volumes, for organs such as the heart, kidney or fetus.

Probing the Dynamic Self-Assembly Behaviour of Photoswitchable Wormlike Micelles in Real Time

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine A. Kelly ◽  
Judith E. Houston ◽  
Rachel Evans
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Wormlike Micelles ◽  
Tetraethylene Glycol ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dependent Processes

Understanding the dynamic self-assembly behaviour of azobenzene photosurfactants (AzoPS) is crucial to advance their use in controlled release applications such as<i></i>drug delivery and micellar catalysis. Currently, their behaviour in the equilibrium <i>cis-</i>and <i>trans</i>-photostationary states is more widely understood than during the photoisomerisation process itself. Here, we investigate the time-dependent self-assembly of the different photoisomers of a model neutral AzoPS, <a>tetraethylene glycol mono(4′,4-octyloxy,octyl-azobenzene) </a>(C<sub>8</sub>AzoOC<sub>8</sub>E<sub>4</sub>) using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). We show that the incorporation of <i>in-situ</i>UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy with SANS allows the scattering profile, and hence micelle shape, to be correlated with the extent of photoisomerisation in real-time. It was observed that C<sub>8</sub>AzoOC<sub>8</sub>E<sub>4</sub>could switch between wormlike micelles (<i>trans</i>native state) and fractal aggregates (under UV light), with changes in the self-assembled structure arising concurrently with changes in the absorption spectrum. Wormlike micelles could be recovered within 60 seconds of blue light illumination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the degree of AzoPS photoisomerisation has been tracked <i>in</i><i>-situ</i>through combined UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy-SANS measurements. This technique could be widely used to gain mechanistic and kinetic insights into light-dependent processes that are reliant on self-assembly.

scholarly journals Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens of Dogs and Cats in Two Regions of Saudi Arabia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alanazi ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Alouffi ◽  
Mohamed S. Alyousif ◽  
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani ◽  
Hend H. A. M. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
First Time

Dogs and cats play an important role as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens, yet reports of canine and feline vector-borne diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Blood samples were collected from 188 free-roaming dogs and cats in Asir (70 dogs and 44 cats) and Riyadh (74 dogs), Saudi Arabia. The presence of Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., hemotropic Mycoplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp. was detected using a multiplex tandem real-time PCR. PCR-positive samples were further examined with specific conventional and real-time PCR followed by sequencing. Dogs from Riyadh tested negative for all pathogens, while 46 out of 70 dogs (65.7%) and 17 out of 44 cats (38.6%) from Asir were positive for at least one pathogen. Positive dogs were infected with Anaplasma platys (57.1%), Babesia vogeli (30%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (15.7%), and Bartonella henselae (1.4%), and cats were infected with Mycoplasma haemofelis (13.6%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (13.6%), B. henselae (9.2%), and A. platys (2.27%), all of which are reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Co-infection with A. platys and B. vogeli was detected in 17 dogs (24.28%), while coinfections were not detected in cats. These results suggest that effective control and public awareness strategies for minimizing infection in animals are necessary.

Intensifiers on Tyneside

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Barnfield ◽  
Isabelle Buchstaller
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
First Time

We report on longitudinal changes in the system of intensification in an innovative corpus that spans five decades of dialectal speech. Our analyses allow us — for the first time in a British context — to trace the quantitative development in the variable across four generations. Longitudinal analysis across real and apparent time determines the effect of extralinguistic and intralinguistic variables on intensification in Tyneside and tests to what extent real time data corroborates trends reported from previous apparent time analyses. Long-term competition within the variable manifests itself in distinctive developmental trajectories: expansion — both proportionally within the variable as well as across adjectival categories — tends to follow one of three types of patterns, exemplified, respectively, by really, so and dead. Variant retraction, however, follows only one schema. Importantly, numerical decline in the system does not necessarily go hand in hand with a reduction in breadth of application.

Real-Time Slurry Characteristic Analysis During Ball Milling Using Vibration Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeondeok Jeong ◽  
Jungwon Yu ◽  
Youngjae Lee ◽  
Sung-min Lee ◽  
Sung-Soo Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Ceramic Processing ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Slurry Viscosity

Abstract The characteristics of an internal slurry were analyzed during ball milling, which is commonly utilized in ceramic processing. We used a device with a capacity of 50 L because this is the size employed in industries, and built a circulation system to collect the slurry during the milling process. The properties of the slurry were characterized in terms of their particle size and viscosity, while vibration data were collected from the side of the ball mill drum in real time. A fast Fourier transform was performed on the vibration data, allowing the energy to be calculated and compared with the slurry characteristics. The vibration data in the 3–4 kHz range showed a strong negative correlation with the slurry viscosity. Our results confirm that the characteristics of the internal slurry can be monitored in real time using vibration data collected during ball milling.

Numerical Simulation of a Jumper Conveying Slurry for Deep-Sea Mining

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Yamamoto ◽  
Tomo Fujiwara ◽  
Joji Yamamoto ◽  
Sotaro Masanobu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Horizontal Direction ◽  
Viscous Pressure

Abstract One key technology for Deep-Sea Mining is the riser system. The riser is already a field-proven technology in the Petroleum Industry. However, several differences exist between a petroleum production riser and a riser for Deep-Sea Mining, mainly related to the internal flow. The ore-slurry has a larger density than the hydrocarbons and shall be pumped with a much higher flowrate. The current software tools for riser’s dynamic analysis may include the internal fluid hydrostatic pressure and the centrifugal and Coriolis forces imposed by the bent pipe’s internal flow. However, the internal pressure drop is not calculated. The internal pressure alters the pipe’s effective tension and can alter the pipe’s bending moment changing its mechanical behavior. This article describes a computational script’s development to run embedded in a commercial software for riser’s dynamic analysis. Our script calculates the internal viscous pressure drop along with the jumper. This pressure is then converted into wall axial tension (buckling) and imposed on each node of the jumper’s numerical model. Each simulation case was calculated twice with and without the internal flow viscous pressure drop. The comparison with experimental data revealed that the jumper’s average position has a good agreement among all cases. However, the amplitude caused by the top oscillation showed some discrepancies. Experimental data has the highest amplitude in the horizontal direction, while the simulation without viscous pressure calculation had the smallest. The simulation with our embedded script had intermediary amplitude in the horizontal direction. The vertical direction amplitudes have the same behavior for all cases, but the experimental data showed the highest amplitude.

Monitoring Offshore Pipelines Using Forced Transverse Vibration: Data Analysis

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh E. M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Transverse Vibration ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Support Condition ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Wavelet Methods

Abstract Vibration methods are used to identify faults, such as spanning and loss of cover, in long off-shore pipelines. A pipeline ‘pig’, propelled by fluid flow, generates transverse vibration in the pipeline and the measured vibration amplitude reflects the nature of the support condition. Large quantities of vibration data are collected and analysed by Fourier and wavelet methods.

Real Time Acoustic Imaging by Holographic Interferometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Hanafy ◽  
Mauro Zambuto
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Holographic Interferometry ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Acoustic Image ◽  
Vibration Pattern ◽  
Amplitude Amplification

A two-step real time acoustic imaging system is presented. The system incorporates a novel acoustic image coupler which transfers an acoustical interference pattern from a water-bounded to an air-bounded surface with vibration amplitude amplification. An original technique termed step-biased real time holographic interferometry is used to convert the amplified mechanical vibration pattern, which carries all information about the insonified object, into a visual image with improved sensitivity.

scholarly journals Tracking and Visualizing Signs of Degradation for Early Failure Prediction of Rolling Bearings

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-642
Author(s):  
Sana Talmoudi ◽  
Tetsuya Kanada ◽  
Yasuhisa Hirata ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Training Data ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Early Failure ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Vibration Data ◽  
Visualization Technology

Predictive maintenance, which means detection of failure ahead of time, is one of the pillars of Industry 4.0. An effective method for this technique is to track early signs of degradation before failure occurs. This paper presents an innovative failure predictive scheme for machines. The proposed scheme combines the use of the full spectrum of vibration data from the machines and a data visualization technology. This scheme requires no training data and can be started quickly after installation. First, we proposed to use the full spectrum (as high-dimensional data vectors) with no cropping and no complex feature extraction and to visualize the data behavior by mapping the high-dimensional vectors into a two-dimensional (2D) map. This ensures simplicity of the process and less possibility of overlooking important information as well as provide a human-friendly and human-understandable output. Second, we developed a real-time data tracker that can predict failure at an appropriate time with sufficient allowance for maintenance by plotting real-time frequency spectrum data of the target machine on a 2D map created from normal data. Finally, we verified our proposal using vibration data of bearings from real-world test-to-failure measurements obtained from the IMS dataset.

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