Features of electromyographic changes in patients with upper limb lesions during various exercise types performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
B.I. Vakhitov ◽  
I.S Raginov ◽  
I.H. Vakhitov ◽  
R.A. Bodrova ◽  
A.V. Izosimova
Keyword(s):  
Emg Activity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Clear Peak ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Low Amplitude ◽  
First Time ◽  
Flexion And Extension

For the first time in clinical conditions a study was carried out for estimation of average amplitude (AA-EMG) and frequency of oscillations repetitions parameters during dynamic and static exercises performance. We found that in healthy individuals EMG amplitude depends on the character of physical exercises performed. The largest EMG amplitude was registered when performing static exercises. It was found that in acute stroke patients, while performing flexion and extension of fingers, low-amplitude EMG activity was registered stretched for entire movement cycle without a clear peak of extremum. When performing static exercises, the amplitude and frequency of EMG oscillations changed significantly in a positive way.

Influence of Hip Position on Electromyographic and Torque Productions in the Knee

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Black ◽  
Michael L. Woodhouse ◽  
Stephen Suttmiller ◽  
Larry Shall
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Surface Electrodes ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The effects of hip position on thigh electromyographic (EMG) activity and knee torque were evaluated. Twenty-four recreational athletes (12 males and 12 females) volunteered to participate. Subjects were tested isokinetically at 30°/s in sitting and supine positions both concentrically and eccentrically during knee flexion and extension. Gravity-corrected torques (N·m) were obtained for all tests. EMG amplitude (mV) was collected via surface electrodes. Torque values were significantly greater (p<.05) for knee flexion in the sitting position when compared to the supine. EMG activity did not change relative to hip position but typically increased (p<.05) during concentric trials. Knee extension torque and EMG activity did not change during sitting or supine positions. Results indicated that the sitting position had statistically significant advantages over the supine position for producing greater hamstring torque and maintaining similar levels of EMG output during isokinetic knee flexion.

Methylphenidate reduces orienting bias in healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112199688
Author(s):  
Leehe Peled-Avron ◽  
Hagar Gelbard Goren ◽  
Noa Brande-Eilat ◽  
Shirel Dorman-Ilan ◽  
Aviv Segev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Spatial Orienting ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Dopamine Signaling ◽  
First Time ◽  
Neural Effect

Background: Healthy individuals show subtle orienting bias, a phenomenon known as pseudoneglect, reflected in a tendency to direct greater attention toward one hemispace. Accumulating evidence indicates that this bias is an individual trait, and attention is preferentially directed contralaterally to the hemisphere with higher dopamine signaling. Administration of methylphenidate (MPH), a dopamine transporter inhibitor, was shown to normalize aberrant spatial attention bias in psychiatric and neurological patients, suggesting that the reduced orienting bias following administration of MPH reflects an asymmetric effect of the drug, increasing extracellular dopamine in the hemisphere with lower dopamine signaling. Aim: We predicted that, similarly to its effect on patients with brain pathology, MPH will reduce the orienting bias in healthy subjects. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we examined the behavioral effects of a single dose (20 mg) of MPH on orienting bias in 36 healthy subjects (18 females) in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, within-subject design, using the greyscales task, which has been shown to detect subtle attentional biases in both patients and healthy individuals. Results/outcomes: Results demonstrate that healthy individuals vary in both direction and magnitude of spatial orienting bias and show reduced magnitude of orienting bias following MPH administration, regardless of the initial direction of asymmetry. Conclusions/interpretations: Our findings reveal, for the first time in healthy subjects, that MPH decreases spatial orienting bias in an asymmetric manner. Given the well-documented association between orienting bias and asymmetric dopamine signaling, these findings also suggest that MPH might exert a possible asymmetric neural effect in the healthy brain.

scholarly journals Eating and body image: Does food insecurity make us feel thinner?

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia B. Ambroziak ◽  
Elena Azañón ◽  
Matthew R. Longo
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Insurance Hypothesis ◽  
Central Aspect ◽  
Food Scarcity ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBody image distortions are common in healthy individuals and a central aspect of serious clinical conditions, such as eating disorders. This commentary explores the potential implications of body image and its distortions for the insurance hypothesis. In particular, we speculate that body image may be an intervening variable mediating the relationship between perceived food scarcity and eating behavior.

scholarly journals The surface electromyography analysis of the non-plegic upper limb of hemiplegic subjects

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloyse U Kuriki ◽  
Raquel N. de Azevedo ◽  
Augusto C. de Carvalho ◽  
Fábio Mícolis de Azevedo ◽  
Rúben F Negrão-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Dominant Member ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Many authors have studied physical and functional changes in individuals post-stroke, but there are few studies that assess changes in the non-plegic side of hemiplegic subjects. This study aimed to compare the electromyographic activity in the forearm muscles of spastic patients and clinically healthy individuals, to determine if there is difference between the non-plegic side of hemiplegics and the dominant member of normal individuals. 22 hemiplegic subjects and 15 clinically healthy subjects were submitted to electromyography of the flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles during wrist flexion and extension. The flexor muscles activation of stroke group (average 464.6 u.n) was significantly higher than the same muscles in control group (mean: 106.3 u.n.) during the wrist flexion, what shows that the non affected side does not present activation in the standart of normality found in the control group.

Contact-Evoked Changes in EMG Activity During Human Grasp

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 2215-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Collins ◽  
B. Knight ◽  
A. Prochazka
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Evoked Responses ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Sensory Activity

Contact-evoked changes in EMG activity during human grasp. 2215 Cutaneous receptors in the digits discharge bursts of activity on contact with an object during human grasp. In this study, we investigated the contribution of this sensory activity to the responses of muscles involved in the task. Twelve subjects performed a standardized precision grasp task without the aid of vision. Electromyographic (EMG) responses in trials when the object was present were compared with those in which the object, and hence the associated afferent responses, were unexpectedly absent. Significant differences in EMG amplitude occurred in the interval 50–100 ms after contact in all subjects and in 33/46 of the muscles sampled. The differences emerged as early as 34 ms after contact and comprised as much as a fourfold change in EMG from 50 to 100 ms after contact with the object. Typically, EMG responses were larger when the object was present (OP), though there were cases, particularly in the thenar muscles, in which the responses increased when the object was absent (OA). Local anesthesia of the thumb and index finger attenuated contact-evoked EMG activity in at least one muscle in all four subjects tested. In one subject, contact-evoked responses were abolished completely during the anesthesia in all four muscles sampled. The results indicate that the sensory activity signaling contact plays a key role in regulating EMG activity during human grasp. Much of this feedback action is attributable to cutaneous receptors in the digits and probably involves both spinal and supraspinal pathways.

scholarly journals Polymorphism rs3087243 is associated with the occurrence of ankylosing spondylitis in the West Algerian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Chahinez Amira DAHMANI ◽  
Ahmed BENZAOUI ◽  
Fatima Zohra SEDIKI ◽  
Leila ADDA NEGGAZ ◽  
Faouzia ZEMANI FODIL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
The West ◽  
Algerian Population ◽  
Ctla4 Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Numerous studies have shown that polymorphism rs231775 of the CTLA4 gene is strongly implicated in the development of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Other polymorphisms of this gene are candidates that may have an additional effect in susceptibility to AS. For the first time, we searched for the association of rs3087243 polymorphism located in the 3'UTR region of the CTLA4 gene with the development of SA in the Algerian population. Methods: The study involved 200 subjects (80 AS patients recruited at the rheumatology service and 120 healthy individuals unrelated). Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR (Taqman®). Analysis of the results was carried out by IBM.SPSS.Statictis® software. Results: The distribution of allele frequencies showed a significant association between the GG genotype of the polymorphism rs3087243 and AS risk (OR= 1.77 [0.98-3.21], p=0.004). Conclusion: Our data would suggest that the 3'UTR region of the CTLA4 gene could have an impact on the development of SA in the West Algerian population. These results need to be confirmed on a larger sample.

EMG Changes in Human Thenar Motor Units With Force Potentiation and Fatigue

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 1518-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Thomas ◽  
R. S. Johansson ◽  
B. Bigland-Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Single Motor Unit ◽  
Tetanic Force ◽  
Twitch Force ◽  
Emg Amplitude ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Motor Unit Emg

Few studies have analyzed activity-induced changes in EMG activity in individual human motor units. We studied the changes in human thenar motor unit EMG that accompany the potentiation of twitch force and fatigue of tetanic force. Single motor unit EMG and force were recorded in healthy subjects in response to selective stimulation of their motor axons within the median nerve just above the elbow. Twitches were recorded before and after a series of pulse trains delivered at frequencies that varied between 5 and 100 Hz. This stimulation induced significant increases in EMG amplitude, duration, and area. However, in relative terms, all of these EMG changes were substantially smaller than the potentiation of twitch force. Another 2 min of stimulation (13 pulses at 40 Hz each second) induced additional potentiation of EMG amplitude, duration, and area, but the tetanic force from every unit declined. Thus activity-induced changes in human thenar motor unit EMG do not indicate the alterations in force or vice versa. These data suggest that different processes underlie the changes in EMG and force that occur during human thenar motor unit activity.

Experience in the use of tissue flossing for the prevention and treatment of muscle cramps

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
S. V. Vasilevich ◽  
P. L. Zaltcman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Additional Method ◽  
Limb Segment ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Muscle Spasms ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Introduction. Cramps are sudden, involuntary, painful tonic muscle spasms of individual muscles or muscle groups lasting from several seconds to several minutes. It occurs in patients of different age categories with a frequency of up to 37 %. Tissue flossing (flossing, voodoo flossing) is an effect on the musculature, tendons, fascia (myofascial structures) of the extremities with the help of a special elastic band circularly wound on the limb, and subsequent physical exercises in this condition in order to improve blood circulation in the limb segment, increase tissue mobility, elasticity and extensibility of muscle-fascial structures. Tissue flossing can help to increase the volume of movements in the joints, reduce pain and increase flexibility.The aim to study the effects of tissue flossing on the frequency and intensity of manifestations of cramps. Materials and methods. The publication was based on the materials obtained during the observation of 7 patients with cramps. The aggressive nature of the muscle spasms forced them to seek medical help. In order to assess the effect on the frequency and intensity of cramps, patients underwent circular winding of an elastic band on a limb segment (tissue flossing) in which cramps occurred, followed by physical exercises (mainly flexion and extension at a pace of one movement per second) without additional load (with their weight) for 1 minute. Then the elastic band was removed and the patient continued to perform the same movements also for a minute with a frequency of one movement per second. Patients performed exercises 1-2 times a day for 5-14 days.Results. In five out of seven patients, cramps did not resume after the first use of tissue flossing. In two of the seven patients, cramps stopped after 7 days of exercise use. At follow-up in one (out of seven) patients, cramps resumed 2 months after the use of tissue flossing, but with a lower intensity. In the other six (out of seven) patients in the subsequent follow-up period (from 14 days to 6 months), cramps did not resume.Conclusion. According to the preliminary results of observations, it can be assumed that the tissue flossing method is effective for preventing cramps of various genesis as an independent and additional method of treatment.

Electrical Resistive Spiking of Fungi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Adamatzky ◽  
Alessandro Chiolerio ◽  
Georgios Sirakoulis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Average Width ◽  
C 23 ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Low Amplitude

We study long-term electrical resistance dynamics in mycelium and fruit bodies of oyster fungi P. ostreatus. A nearly homogeneous sheet of mycelium on the surface of a growth substrate exhibits trains of resistance spikes. The average width of spikes is c. 23[Formula: see text]min and the average amplitude is c. 1[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text]. The distance between neighboring spikes in a train of spikes is c. 30[Formula: see text]min. Typically, there are 4–6 spikes in a train of spikes. Two types of electrical resistance spikes trains are found in fruit bodies: low frequency and high amplitude (28[Formula: see text]min spike width, 1.6[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text] amplitude, 57[Formula: see text]min distance between spikes) and high frequency and low amplitude (10[Formula: see text]min width, 0.6[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text] amplitude, 44[Formula: see text]min distance between spikes). The findings could be applied in monitoring of physiological states of fungi and future development of living electronic devices and sensors.

Koro Associated with Phobia for AIDS

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suma P. Chand
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Incomplete Form ◽  
Classic Form ◽  
First Time ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Koro, in its complete, classic form has been described as a culture bound syndrome. It usually occurs in otherwise healthy individuals in the context of acute, severe anxiety. The incomplete form of Koro is said to occur as part of a recognizable primary psychiatric disorder. A case report is presented for the first time of Koro in association with phobia for AIDS. A cognitive-behavioral approach was utilized in the management of the AIDS phobia and symptoms of Koro.

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