A Spatial model of the world by Andrey Bely: transformations and metamorphoses in the novels The Silver Dove, Petersburg, and Moscow

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-341
Author(s):  
D.I. Kaparushkina
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
pp. 002200272095847
Author(s):  
Jon Echevarria-Coco ◽  
Javier Gardeazabal

This article develops a spatial model of internal and external forced migration. We propose a model reminiscent of Hotelling’s spatial model in economics and Schelling’s model of segregation. Conflict is modeled as a shock that hits a country at certain location and generates displacement of people located near the shock’s location. Some displaced people cross a border, thus becoming refugees, while others remain as Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). The model delivers predictions about how the fractions of a country’s population that become refugees and IDPs ought to be related with the intensity of the shock, country size, terrain ruggedness and the degree of geographical proximity of the country with respect to the rest of the world. The predictions of the model are then tested against real data using a panel of 161 countries covering the period 1995-2016. The empirical evidence is mostly in line with the predictions of the model.


2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Jolanta Brzykcy

The article is an analysis of the poetry of Gisella Lachman (1895–1969), poet of the “first wave” of Russian emigration, from the perspective of the poetics of space. The poet expressed her emigration experience (multiple changes of residence: Russia, Germany, Switzerland, USA) in her poems in spatial relations. They appear on different levels of the works’ morphology: in the construction of the lyrical “I”, in the organisation of the presented world, in the repertoire of motifs and the selection of poetic lexis and genre forms. Space plays a literal role in Lachman’s poetry; it is a representation of extra-literary reality, seen subjectively. It is also subject to metaphorisation, becoming a tool for expressing philosophical content. The poet creates not only a spatial model of the world, but also a spatial model of human life, which she perceives as a transit on the road to eternity.


2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian Jorunn Helle

The intellectual atmosphere of Russian fin de siècle was characterized by a strong fascination for Norway, its nature, its culture and its literature. A good example is Henrik Ibsen who was a significant source of inspiration for Russian dramatists, writers and poets. The Russian symbolists in particular saw Ibsen as a tutelary spirit and not least the “younger” symbolist Andrey Bely regarded his works and thoughts as a prefiguration and a foreshadowing of his own. Ibsen was important to Bely through all his various stages of intellectual, artistic and spiritual seeking and in accordance with Bely’s highly interpretative, hermeneutical approach to the world, in which everything he experienced was transformed to confirm his own symbolist Weltanschauung, also Ibsen was transformed in much the same manner. And the very intriguing way in which Bely rewrites the Norwegian playwright into his own writings will be the main topic of this article, illustrating how the Russian symbolist refigures the Norwegian dramatist to make him fit into his own continuous search for new and meaningful perspectives and positions. Moreover and even still more remarkable, this search convincingly demonstrates how the Ibsenian legacy throughout the many different phases of Bely’s creative development keeps it crucial place within Bely’s life cycle, thereby establishing a most interesting thread in the complex web of Ibsen’s Wirkungsgeschichte.


Author(s):  
Tuti Purwaningsih ◽  
Baharudin Machmud

This research discussed about the case of diabetes, overweight, and obesity which aimed to determine the factors that most affect the number of adult people with Diabetes from Obesity and Overweight in the world and looking for the best spatial model to make predictions in the next period. This research based on data WHO in 2015 from The 2016 Global Nutrition Report. At 5% level of significance for 2015, factor that influence diabetes is obesity and the most excellent spatial model used in the analysis is Spatial Error Model (SEM) that use Weight Level Order 1 and has R2 value 81.82%.


2021 ◽  
pp. 232-263
Author(s):  
Michaela Böhmig ◽  

In 1910 Russian cultural life was at a turning point. The death of V. Komissarzhevskaya, M. Vrubel, M. Petipa, A. Kuindzhi, and L. Tolstoy marked the end of an entire epoch. At the same time, several essays published in some of the most important literary magazines of the time exposed the crisis of the symbolist movement, while books such as “Symbolism” by Andrey Bely attempted to give a conclusive account of its ideas. The beginning of a new chapter in the world of Russian art was prefigured in three programmatic works published in 1910: M. Kuzmin’s article “On Beautiful Clarity”, the miscellany “Impressionists’ Studio” edited by N. Kulbin, and the anthology “A Trap for Judges I”, the first collective publication of the Cubo-futurists. The present study focuses on Kulbin’s work and on the miscellany he edited to suggest that this text constitutes both a “bridge” between modernism and the avant-garde and a prototype of subsequent futuristic almanacs.


Author(s):  
Yusma Yanti ◽  
Septian Rahardiantoro

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2017 WHO records there are 1.7 billion TB sufferers in the world. Whereas in the same year TB sufferers in Indonesia reached 421 thousand cases and 10 thousand of them were in the province of West Java. In this study, the factors that suspected to influence TB include poverty, population density and malnutrition were analyzed by looking at the spatial aspects. In addition to these factors, smoking and consuming alcoholic beverages can also trigger TB. The method used was Spatial Autoregressive Model (SARM), Spatial Error Model (SEM), and Generalized Spatial Model (GSM), then the best model is chosen based on the best criteria of lagrange multiplayer test. The result indicated that SEM performed better than others, with the following significant variables were malnutrition and unemployment factor.


Author(s):  
Tat’yana Yu. Nikitina

The article considers the development of typological plot event in Arseny Tarkovsky’s lyrical poetry from his early works presented in the book «Guest-Star», to poems written in 1950-60s, making the collection «Before Snowing». Particular attention is paid to the correlation of plot event and spatial model of the world which refl ects the acquired emotional and mental experience and actualises ideas about the essence of interaction of the world and man. In Arseny Tarkovsky’s poems of 1930-40s, the spatial model of the world is presented as a correlation of «centre» and «periphery» («home» and outside world) which actualises the opposition of life as such and refl ective consciousness of the poet alienated from external existence. In lyrical poetry of 1950-60s, the development of the spatial model takes place which is connected with refusal from truths of the highest order and an attempt of justifi cation of the value of the world of men. At fi rst Arseny Tarkovsky represented such model as a fl oral vertical which has anthropomorphic features – Tree of World. The plot event is the refl ection on the essence of this spatial model and awareness of its defi ciencies – it reveals its ambivalence combining elevated and low images of the world and in consciousness it alienates from living life with its «noxiousness». The result of the evolution of the plot event in Arseny Tarkovsky’s lyrical poetry of 1930-60s is confi rmation of incomprehensibility and mystique of life and also refusal from absolute knowledge and transfer of meaningfulness of creativity to preservation of “root relationship” between man and world of men.


Author(s):  
Vjacheslav V. Savelov

Based on two only lifetime publications, the paper examines the history of Yu. A. Sidorov`s (1887–1909) perception and discussion of ideas of the “mystical anarchism”. In the almanac Chrysopras (1906) Sidorov published two poems that were obviously influenced by the slogans of this movement. I study parallels between these debut poems and the texts of authors related to the movement, in particular, between the poem Dreamer, you sent a revelation to the world… and Georgy Chulkov's article On the confirmation of personality (1906). The study proves that a number of young writers (not only Yu. Sidorov, but also V. Grigoriev, E. Kazakov) were striving to declare their solidarity with slogans of the moment on the pages of the almanac Chrysopras, ideologically close to the Moscow Vesy. In the second lifetime publication, his review (Russkaya Mysl, 1, 1909) on the book of essays by Chulkov The Cover of Isis (1908), Sidorov showed new sharply critical and subverting attitude to the movement. I try to find the reason for Sidorov's new skeptical position to these principles and slogans. The paper showed it to be the poet’s disappointment with the results of the 1905–1907 revolution and his turn towards monarchist sentiments, with subsequent support of the ideology within symbolism that was promoted by the Moscow magazine Vesy. The author pays particular attention to the parallels between Sidorov's polemic attacks against Chulkov and similar invectives against him by the Vesy magazine collaborators (Zinaida Gippius, Andrey Bely, Boris Sadovskoy, etc.)


1990 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 35-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Schjødt

The article analyses the cosmology of Old Norse religion before the arrival of Christianity to Scandinavia and strives to illuminate the image of the world upheld in this context on the basis of the scarce source material that is available. Special attention is given to the relationship between the so-called vertical and horizontal sub-systems included in the spatial model for understanding Scandinavian religion, proposed by E. M. Meletinskij. The article discusses the dichotomies of culture and nature, cosmos and chaos that are often alluded to in the source texts and their interpretation as symbols for order/un-order on the basis of a structuralist analysis.


2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Van de Beek

From the beginning of Christian theology, theologians have struggled with the question of how suffering in the world is related to God’s providence. A classic response to this question is that, ultimately, God’s governance is beyond human understanding. More recently an eschatological solution has been preferred: God is involved in a historical process and he will finally overcome evil. This article argued that both responses have their own problems. In the first God is a hidden mystery, and in the latter either the outcome of history is uncertain or God is waiting unnecessarily long. On the other hand, both provide consolation to human beings in times of suffering. Which one of the two answers is more helpful, depends on culture and context. Therefore, they are both acceptable responses to the question. At a deeper level, one can argue that both refer to eternity − one in a spatial model (above) and the other in a temporal model (hereafter). Both space and time are metaphors in this context. That is also the case when we speak of ‘before’ with regard to God’s eternal council. Ultimately, from a perspective of eternity, God’s council, God’s governance and God’s final judgment coincide. In Christian theology these concepts can only be understood in the paradigm of God’s revelation in Christ, who is the expression of the mystery of creation − as is especially indicated in the letters to the Ephesians and Colossians. Vanaf het begin van het Christendom hebben theologen geworsteld met de vraag hoe het lijden in de wereld zich verhoudt tot Gods voorzienigheid. Een klassiek antwoord daarop is dat ten laatste Gods bestuur het menselijk begrip te boven gaat. Tegenwoordig wordt eerder de voorkeur gegeven aan een eschatologische oplossing: God is betrokken in een proces door de geschiedenis waarin Hij uiteindelijk het kwaad zal overwinnen. De auteur betoogt dat beide benaderingen hun eigen problemen hebben. In het eerste geval is God een onkenbaar mysterie en in het tweede geval is de afloop onzeker of wacht God onnodig lang met zijn overwinning. Aan de andere kant bieden beide antwoorden mensen troost in lijdenssituaties. Welke van de twee antwoorden het beste is, hangt af van cultuur en context. Daarom zijn beide aanvaardbaar als antwoord op het probleem van Gods voorzienigheid. Op een dieper niveau kan men betogen dat beide verwijzen naar de eeuwigheid, het eerste antwoord in een ruimtelijk model (‘te boven’) en het tweede in een tijdsmodel (‘hierna’). Zowel ruimte als tijd zijn hier metaforisch gebruikt. Dat is ook het geval als we spreken over ‘vóór’ met betrekking tot Gods eeuwige raad. Uiteindelijk zijn, vanuit het perspectief van de eeuwigheid, Gods raad, Gods beleid en Gods laatste oordeel identiek. In de christelijke theologie kunnen deze concepten alleen worden verstaan in het paradigma van Gods openbaring in Christus, die de expressie van het geheimenis van de schepping is, zoals met name de brieven aan de Efeziërs en aan de Kolossenzen aangeven.


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