scholarly journals Study of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1572-1578
Author(s):  
Barli Anvisha ◽  
Bonthu Sai Sireesha ◽  
Chilla Anitha ◽  
Sarvana Sravya ◽  
Dr. Shubham Babu Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Care Ward

Introduction/ Background Breast carcinoma is an important malignant tumor which occurs as non-invasive and invasive cancer with its various morphologic varieties. One of the treatments used for breast cancer is chemotherapy which has many side-effects. Aim and Objectives The aim of the present study is to assess the adverse drug reactions associated with chemotherapy of breast cancer. Methodology The study is observational, prospective study that includes all female patients admitted in day-care ward for chemotherapy cycles. Result The percentage of common side-effects were Nausea (75%), Alopecia (72%), Emesis (69%), Diarrhoea and Insomnia (64%), Asthenia (50%), Black nails (32%). There was a gradual reduction in weight of the study population. Conclusion The study emphasized the need to focus on management of other side-effects, for close monitoring over side-effects, muscle strength, weight changes, psychological health of the patient.

scholarly journals The Wonderful DMARD with Multiple Toxicities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. RV5-RV10
Author(s):  
Yashika Kaushal ◽  
Ratibha Kausal ◽  
Isha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Therapy Discontinuation ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent ◽  
Reduce Activity ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Rheumatic Drug

Methotrexate is a type of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). It is used to reduce activity of the immune system for people who have certain conditions. Methotrexate is a chemotherapy agent and immune system suppressant. Its use may be limited by concerns regarding its adverse reactions. The occurrence of adverse drug reactions in some cases leads to the therapy discontinuation. Although adverse drug reactions (ADR) of methotrexate generally do not pose a serious threat to the health of patients and a reduction in the dose of methotrexate leads to their elimination, in some cases severe toxicities of the drug occur unpredictably. These facts explain the need for close monitoring of the patient’s condition and the identification of potential risk factors for drug toxicity on the part of different organs and functional systems. The purpose of this review is to detail about safety and tolerability of methotrexate.

scholarly journals Pharmacovigilance in perspective: drug withdrawals, data mining and policy implications

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muaed Alomar ◽  
Subish Palaian ◽  
Moawia M. Al-tabakha
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Withdrawals

Considering that marketed drugs are not free from side effects, many countries have initiated pharmacovigilance programs. These initiatives have provided countries with methods of detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions at an earlier stage, thus preventing harm occurring in the larger population. In this review, examples of drug withdrawals due to effective pharmacovigilance programs have been provided with details. In addition, information concerning data mining in pharmacovigilance, an effective method to assess pharmacoepidemiologic data and detecting signals for rare and uncommon side effects, is also examined, which is a method synchronized with information technology and advanced electronic tools. The importance of policy framework in relation to pharmacovigilance is discussed in detail, and country experiences upon implementation of pharmacovigilance policies is highlighted.

scholarly journals Assessment of Patient’s Response about Adverse Drug Reactions Receiving AC (Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide) Therapy: A Survey Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Jameela Jamali ◽  
Abdullah Dayo ◽  
Naheed Memon ◽  
Ubed-ur-Rehman Mughal ◽  
Muhammad Akram Khatri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
National Formulary ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
High Severity ◽  
Cancer Hospital ◽  
The Common

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are most common among cancer patients receiving treatment. AC therapy which is a combination protocol of Adriamycin (doxorubicin) and Cyclophosphamide are the common therapies used for breast cancer treatment due to their effectiveness and cost of therapy breast cancer. AC combination is administered every 3 weeks, and 4 cycles are given. Objectives: To assess various ADRs reported by patients on AC combination therapy and their severity to ensure safe and effective treatment. Design: Prospective observational. Setting: Cancer hospital Jamshoro Pakistan. Patients and Methods: A hospital based observational study included 160 female patients suffering from breast cancer and receiving AC combination for treatment by purposive sampling method from June 2015- January 2018 at cancer hospital Jamshoro Pakistan. ADRs reported were compared against international standard references of drug literature such as British National Formulary (BNF) 2017 and ADR severity assessment scale (Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale). Main Outcome Measures: Frequency and severity of ADRs. Results: The common ADRs reported were, nausea and vomiting, acidity, fatigue, hair fall as common non-hematologic and leukopenia among hematologic ADRs. Those patients reported high severity ADRs according to severity scale persist for longer duration and required antidote for management with medical intervention. Conclusion: The present study shows that a patient’s response towards AC therapy is critical and therefore each patient must be monitored and those at high risk of developing ADRs from this therapy must be provided additional care.

TOXICITIES OF TARGETED THERAPY AND IMMUNE-RELATED ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS OF IMMUNOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC MELANOMA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Kandolf Sekulović
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Mek Inhibitor ◽  
Braf Inhibitors ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Acneiform Eruption

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy changed the treatment landscape for metastatic melanoma, which is chemotherapy resistant cancer. In pre-innovation era, the overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma was 6 months, while today 5-year overall survival rate of 34% (and 50% in good prognostic groups) is evident. However, both treatments have their side effects, and cutaneous are the most frequent. Treating physicians in oncology centres, but also primary care specialists, need to be aware of their spectrum which differs for each class of drug: BRAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors and immunotherapy with anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4. While BRAF inhibitors have the most prominent adverse effects which are class specific, there are also drug-specific adverse effects. For example, vemurafenib causes photosensitivity, which is not specific for dabrafenib, while dabrafenib induces pyrexia, that occurs much less frequently with other BRAF inhibitors. Cutaneous rash and cutaneous neoplasms which develop due to paradoxical activation of RAS signalling are described with BRAF inhibitor monotherapy. These side-effects are much less common in combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitor, but MEK inhibitor itself causes characteristic acneiform eruption, and serous retinopathy. Immune related adverse drug reactions are a hallmark of the immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, which can affect every organ system, and most commonly skin, lungs and gastrointestinal system, with differential frequencies recorded with anti-CTLA4 therapy and anti PD-1 therapy. Skin reactions most frequently include pruritus and eczematous reactions, as well as vitiligo-like hypopigmentation, which is linked Melanom 45 to the better response to treatment. In this review, frequent and rare side effects are presented, as well as the current algorithms for their treatment.

scholarly journals Psychotic Disorders, Definition, Sign and Symptoms, Antipsychotic Drugs, Mechanism of Action, Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics with Side Effects & Adverse Drug Reactions: Updated Systematic Review Article

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Rohit Bangwal ◽  
Shivam Bisht ◽  
Saurabh Saklani ◽  
Shobit Garg ◽  
Mohan Dhayani
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Wide Range

Psychosis is a mental disorder characterized by a disconnection from reality. Psychosis is a group of disorder characterized by thought disorder, abnormal behaviour, defective cognition, delusion and hallucination. Adverse drug reaction is defined as any undesired or unintended effects of drugs treatment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO)- “adverse drug reaction (ADRs) has been defined one which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or modification of physiological function”. Adverse drug reactions are the most important causes of the mortality and morbidity. Antipsychotics are the most effective drugs which are used in the psychiatry in the maintenance therapy of mania, psychoses and schizophrenia. The antipsychotics drugs are chemically disparate but have the common property of alleviating the symptoms of organic as well as functional psychosis. But they also have a capacity to cause a wide range of potential adverse drug reactions that can lead to non-compliance that can impair quality of life, may cause the extra pyramidal symptoms which can lead to discontinuation of therapy and in extreme cases it may be fatal. Knowledge of assessment of ADRs due to different antipsychotics is necessary. It helps to choose to safe treatment and reduce the risk of occurrence of ADRs by the clinicians. ADR are often poorly identified and reported in day to day medical practice. As we collect more and more information about ADRs, we need an active surveillance system regarding identification and reporting of ADRs with antipsychotic drugs.  On many review articles are read & ward round participation experiences we find that antipsychotic drugs can have shown a various kind of ADRs. Psychiatrist and clinical pharmacist are need to be made aware of these potentially fatal adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs via conduction of patients counseling regarding (drugs, disease, doses & side effects), quality-based seminars, published medical literature, conferences, learning programs and health care camps. Keywords: Antipsychotic Drugs, WHO, Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacovigilance, Psychiatrist.

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