Optimization of Manufacturing Process of Traditional Algerian Jben Cheese Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

The Aim of this study was to develop an optimized method for manufacturing process of traditional Algerian Jben cheese, using response surface methodology (RSM). In order to develop the objective method of making this traditional cheese, several factors have been studied and a Plackett-Burman statistical design was applied. The effects of the four screened factors (enrichment with milk powder, 10 - 20 g/l; pH of milk, 5.75 - 6.75, enzymatic extract dose, 0.5 - 1.5 ml and coagulation temperature 40 - 60 °C) on the response were investigated, using a Box-Behnken statistical design. Multiple regression analysis was used so that experimental data fits to a second-order polynomial equation. This multiple analysis showed that the model explains about 90.73% of the variation. Based on statistical results, it can be noticed that enrichment with milk powder and pH of milk (Ë‚0.0001***) were highly significant factor influincing cheese yield. The optimal production parame-ters that maximized cheese product (20 g/l enrichment with milk powder, 5.75 pH of milk, 1.29 ml enzymatic extract dose and 60°C coagulation temperature) and the maximal predicted cheese yield (52.68 % ) were found out through response surface methodology. Under these conditions, a verification experiment was carried out and cheese yield was found to be 49.46 %. The overall percentage of agreement for the experimental results (more than 93 % validity) with the predicted values indicates the validation of the statistical model and the success of the optimization process.

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Enhanced Alkali Pretreatment of Narrow Leaves Cattail by Response Surface Methodology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1637 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 875-877 ◽

pp. 1637-1641

Author(s):

Arrisa Sopajarn ◽

Chayanoot Sangwichien

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Residence Time ◽

Preliminary Test ◽

Polynomial Equation ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Pretreatment Condition ◽

Order Polynomial ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Central Composite

The purpose of this work is to develop a pretreatment process of lingo-cellulosic ethanol production from narrow leaves cattail (Typha angustifolia) by using alkali catalysis with the response surface methodology (RSM) as a central composite design (CCD). The first step, LiOH, NaOH, and KOH were used as catalytic alkali for preliminary test. Second, the suitable alkali from first step was selected to optimize of pretreatment condition of three independent variables (alkali concentration, temperature, and residence time) that varies at CCD five codes (-2, -1, 0, 1, 2). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the proper alkali because it could increase cellulose more than KOH and nearby LiOH while it is cheapest. RSM result shows the optimized pretreatment condition based on cellulose increased which obtained from this study that is NaOH 5 % w/v at 100 °C and residence time for 120 min. Beside, this condition was analyzed using an ANOVA with a second order polynomial equation after eliminated non-significant terms. At the optimized conditions, cellulose increased, hemicellulose decreased and weight recovery were achieved 77.81%, 80.59, and 41.65%, respectively. Moreover, the model was reasonable to predict the response of strength with less than 5% error.

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Combined Surfactant and Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Pectin from Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) Fruits

Food Processing Techniques and Technology ◽

10.21603/2074-9414-2021-4-733-742 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 733-742

Author(s):

Anastasia Novikova ◽

Liubov Skrypnik

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Polynomial Equation ◽

Second Order ◽

Wild Fruits ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Order Polynomial ◽

Extraction Parameters ◽

Enzyme Assisted Extraction

Introduction. Commercial pectin is usually obtained from apples or citrus fruits. However, some wild fruits, such as hawthorn, are also rich in pectin with valuable nutritional and medical properties. The research objective was to study and improve the process of combined surfactant and enzyme-assisted extraction of pectin from hawthorn fruits. Study objects and methods. The study involved a 1% solution of Polysorbate-20 surfactant and a mix of two enzymes, namely cellulase and xylanase, in a ratio of 4:1. The response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken experimental design improved the extraction parameters. The experiment featured three independent variables – temperature, time, and solvent-to-material ratio. They varied at three levels: 20, 40, and 60°C; 120, 180, and 240 min; 15, 30, and 45 mL per g. Their effect on the parameters on the pectin yield was assessed using a quadratic mathematical model based on a second order polynomial equation. Results and discussion. The response surface methodology made it possible to derive a second order polynomial regression equation that illustrated the effect of extraction parameters on the yield of polyphenols. The regression coefficient (R2 = 98.14%) and the lack-of-fit test (P > 0.05) showed a good accuracy of the model. The optimal extraction conditions were found as follows: temperature = 41°C, time = 160 min, solvent-to-material ratio = 32 mL per 1 g. Under the optimal conditions, the predicted pectin yield was 14.9%, while the experimental yield was 15.2 ± 0.4%. The content of galacturonic acid in the obtained pectin was 58.5%, while the degree of esterification was 51.5%. The hawthorn pectin demonstrated a good complex-building ability in relation to ions of copper (564 mg Cu2+/g), lead (254 mg Pb2+/g), and cobalt (120 mg Co2+/g). Conclusion. Combined surfactant and enzyme-assisted extraction made improved the extraction of pectin from hawthorn fruits. The hawthorn pectin can be used to develop new functional products.

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Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenolic compounds from coriander seeds using response surface methodology

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1647249z ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 249-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zoran Zekovic ◽

Sasa Djurovic ◽

Branimir Pavlic

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Order Polynomial ◽

Predicted Values

Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) seeds (CS) were used for preparation of extracts with high content of biologically active compounds. In order to optimize ultrasoundassisted extraction process, three levels and three variables of Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) in combination with response surface methodology (RSM) were applied, yielding maximized total phenolics (TP) and flavonoids (TF) content and antioxidant activity (IC50 and EC50 values). Independent variables were temperature (40-80oC), extraction time (40-80 min) and ultrasonic power (96-216 W). Experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model with multiple regression, while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to assess the model fitness and determine optimal conditions for TP (79.60oC, 49.20 min, 96.69 W), TF (79.40oC, 43.60 min, 216.00 W), IC50 (80.00oC, 60.40 min, 216.00 W) and EC50 (78.40oC, 68.60 min, 214.80 W). On the basis of the obtained mathematical models, three-dimensional surface plots were generated. The predicted values for TP, TF, IC50 and EC50 were: 382.68 mg GAE/100 g CS, 216 mg CE/100 g CS, 0.03764 mg/mL and 0.1425 mg/mL, respectively.

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The Optimization of Pb(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) Ions Removal by Micro-Electrolysis Using Response Surface Methodology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.800.537 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 800 ◽

pp. 537-545

Author(s):

Jian Ping Xu ◽

Zhi Huang ◽

Yan Ling Gao

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Polynomial Equation ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Quadratic Model ◽

Design Matrix ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Operating Variables ◽

Order Polynomial

In this study, the Box–Behnken design matrix and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied in the experiments to evaluate the interactive effects of four most important operating variables: pH (2.0–4.0), temperature (30–40°C )，iron/carbon ratio（1/2–3/2）and iron carbon amounts (2-4) on the removal of Pb (II), Cu(II)，Zn (II) and Cd (II) ions in acid mine drainage with micro-electrolysis (ME) . The total 29 experiments were conducted in the present study for the construction of a quadratic model. The independent variables have significant value 0.0001, which indicates the importance of these variables in the ME process. The values of “Prob > F” less than 0.0500 indicate that model terms are significant for the removal of Cr (VI), Ni (II) and Zn (II) ions. The regression equation coefficients were calculated and the data fitted to a second-order polynomial equation for removal of Pb (II), Cu(II)，Zn (II) and Cd (II) ions with ME.

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Optimisation of the Oil Extraction from Nigella sativa Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.2.5447 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 331-336

Author(s):

Gabriela Isopencu ◽

Mirela Marfa ◽

Iuliana Jipa ◽

Marta Stroescu ◽

Anicuta Stoica Guzun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Polynomial Equation ◽

Herbaceous Plant ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Pareto Analysis ◽

Black Cumin ◽

Mediterranean Countries ◽

Experimental Values

Nigella sativa, also known as black cumin, an annual herbaceous plant growing especially in Mediterranean countries, has recently gained considerable interest not only for its use as spice and condiment but also for its healthy properties of the fixed and essential oil and its potential as a biofuel. Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil, due to its high content in linoleic acid followed by oleic and palmitic acid, could be beneficial to human health. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum conditions for the solvent extraction of Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil using a three-level, three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained experimental data, fitted by a second-order polynomial equation were analysed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA). From a total of 10 coefficients of the statistical model only 5 are important. The obtained experimental values agreed with the predicted ones.

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Optimization of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Quercus infectoria Oil

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v74.4703 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Liza Md Salleh ◽

Stashia ELeaness Rosland Abel ◽

Gholamreza Zahedi ◽

Russly Abd Rahman ◽

Hasmida Mohd Nasir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Predicted Values ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽

Quercus Infectoria

This current study focuses on the modelling and optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of Quercus infectoria galls oil. In this case, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were applied for the modelling and prediction of extraction yield of galls oil. A 17-run Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to statistically optimize the process parameters of SC-CO2 extraction of Quercus infectoria galls at a condition as follows: pressure (5000, 6000, 7000 Psi), temperature (40, 50, 60°C) and extraction time (30, 45, 60 min). The maximum yield of the extracted oil is1.12 % and the optimum conditions are at an extraction pressure of 5574 Psi; extraction temperature of 75°C and extraction time of 54 min. Under the optimal conditions, the experimental results agree with the predicted values obtained through analysis of variance (ANOVA). This indicates a successful response surface methodology and highly satisfactory goodness of fit of the model used. The analysis of experimental design for process optimization results demonstrates that temperature and extraction time are the main parameters that influence the oil extraction of Quercus infectoria.

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Optimization of Coagulation-Flocculation Process of Landfill Leachate by Tin (IV) Chloride Using Response Surface Methodology

Avicenna Journal of Environmental Health Engineering ◽

10.34172/ajehe.2019.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz Hamidi ◽

Syed Zainal Sharifah Farah Fariza ◽

Alazaiza Motasem Y.D

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Landfill Leachate ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Flocculation Process ◽

Maximum Removal

Landfill leachate is highly polluted and generated as a result of water infiltration through solid waste produced domestically and industrially. This study investigated the applicability of the response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the removal performances of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and suspended solids (SS) from landfill leachate by coagulation process using Tin tetrachloride pentahydrate. The leachate samples were collected from Alor Pongsu Landfill (APLS) in Perak, Malaysia. Before starting the experiments, general characterization was carried out for raw leachate samples to investigate their physical and chemical properties. The effects of the dosage and pH of SnCl4 on the removal performances were evaluated as well. An ideal experimental design was performed based on the central composite design (CCD) by RSM. In addition, this RSM was used to evaluate the effects of process variables and their interaction toward the attainment of their optimum conditions. The statistical design of the experiments and data analysis was resolved using the Design-Expert software. Further, the range of coagulant dosage and pH was selected based on a batch study which was conducted at 13000 mg/L to 17000 mg/L of SnCl4 and pH ranged from 6 to 10. The results showed that the optimum pH and dosage of SnCl4 were 7.17 and 15 g/L, respectively, where the maximum removal efficiency was 67.7% for COD and 100% for color and SS. The results were in agreement with the experimental data with a maximum removal efficiency of 67.84 %, 98.6 %, and 99.3%, for COD, color, and SS, respectively. Overall, this study verified that the RSM method was viable for optimizing the operational condition of the coagulation-flocculation process.

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Optimization of a Whole-Stalk Operating System after Sugarcane Base Cutting

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.12508 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 157-166

Author(s):

Luxin Xie ◽

Jun Wang ◽

Shaoming Cheng ◽

Jinbing Hu

Keyword(s):

Operating System ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Central Composite Design ◽

Response Surface ◽

Fracture Rate ◽

Cleaning Performance ◽

Abrasion Rate ◽

Leaf Stripping ◽

Predicted Values ◽

Central Composite

Abstract. Leaf stripping and top breaking are the key procedures in whole-stalk sugarcane harvesting. In this study, a whole-stalk operating system after sugarcane base cutting was developed and tested to improve the leafy trash cleaning performance and adaptability of a whole-stalk harvester. A leaf shredding procedure was proposed before leaf stripping, and an anti-float top breaking device was developed for breaking cane tops. The rotational speeds of the leaf shredding (RL), leaf stripping (RS), and top breaking (RT) rollers were regarded as experimental factors, and the leafy trash content (including leaves, leaf sheaths, and tops in this study), top breaking rate, abrasion rate, and non-fracture rate of the middle or bottom parts were selected as indices. Central composite design combined with response surface methodology and comprehensive evaluation method were employed to conduct experiments and explore the interaction effects of factors on indices. The optimal operating parameters were nonlinearly optimized and determined to be RL of 512.9 rpm, RS of 418.8 rpm, and RT of 307.0 rpm. Under these conditions, the predicted values of leafy trash content, top breaking rate, abrasion rate, and non-fracture rate were 4.98%, 88.39%, 5.19%, and 96.21%, respectively. Verification experiments indicated that the observed values were in agreement with the predicted values. Results suggested that the leaf shredding device and anti-float top breaking device developed in this study were effective for improving the leafy trash cleaning performance and adaptability of the whole-stalk operating system, and there was a good potential for performance improvement of whole-stalk sugarcane harvesters. Keywords: Central composite design, Leaf shredding, Leaf stripping, Response surface methodology, Top breaking, Whole-stalk harvester.

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Optimization of aqueous extraction of orevactaene and flavanoid pigments produced by Epicoccum nigrum

Pigment & Resin Technology ◽

10.1108/prt-08-2018-0082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 301-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sawinder Kaur ◽

Paramjit S. Panesar ◽

Sushma Gurumayum ◽

Prasad Rasane ◽

Vikas Kumar

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Polynomial Equation ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Aqueous Extraction ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Content Type ◽

Epicoccum Nigrum ◽

Broken Rice

Purpose The extraction of bioactive compounds such as pigments from natural sources, using different solvents, is a vital downstream process. The present study aims to investigate the effect of different variables, namely, extraction temperature, mass of fermented rice and time on the extraction process of orevactaene and flavanoid pigment from Epicoccum nigrum fermented broken rice. Design/methodology/approach Central composite rotatable design under response surface methodology was used for deducing optimized conditions. The pigments were extracted under conditions of extraction temperature (40-70°C), mass of fermented rice (0.5-1.5 g) and time (30-90 min), using water as the extraction media. The experimental data obtained were studied by analysis of variance. Data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis. Findings The optimum conditions generated by the software for aqueous extraction process, i.e. extraction temperature of 55.7°C, 0.79 g of fermented matter and extraction time of 56.6 min, resulted in a pigment yield of 52.7AU/g orevactaene and 77.2 AU/g flavanoid. Research limitations/implications The developed polynomial empirical model for the optimal recovery of the orevactaene and flavanoid pigments could be used for further studies in prediction of yield under specified variable conditions. Practical implications The response surface methodology helped in optimizng the conditions for the eco-friendly low-cost aqueous extarction process for orevactaene and flavanoid pigments, produced by Epicoccum nigrum during solid state fermentation of broken rice. This optimization can provide the basis for scaling up for industrial extraction process. Originality/value This paper focuses on optimizing the extraction conditions to get the maximum yield of orevactaene and flavanoid pigments, using water as the extracting media. No literature is available on the optimization of the extraction process of Epicoccum nigrum pigments, to the best of the authors’ knowledge.

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