The Writer Reading

2015 ◽  
pp. 22-52
Author(s):  
Mhairi Pooler
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Life Writing ◽  
Technical Skill ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
British Romanticism ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Anxiety Of Influence ◽  
History Of

Chapter 1 provides a detailed discussion of the book’s key ideas, beginning with the importance of the author’s own literary apprenticeship as a reader for the writer s/he will become, starting with the ideas of Emerson on influence and reading. The section ‘Tradition and Inheritance: the Künstlerroman’ provides an in-depth history of the German Romantic genre and its relevance for the creative autobiographies studied in the following chapters. It compares the specific form of the artist novel with the Bildungsroman and discusses the meaning and relevance of the term Bildung and the idea of apprenticeship. The section ‘Influence (Inflowing)’ explores the idea of literary inheritances and Harold Bloom’s notion of the anxiety of influence. It examines how the German genre influenced British Romanticism and twentieth-century life-writing, highlighting the pliability of generic forms, and further how the author’s technical skill in genre mixing displays an understanding of their art form and the quality of their imagination.

Cut and paste

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-65
Author(s):  
Anna Dahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Close Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Illustrated Press

Chapter 1 considers the mechanisms of breaks and continuities in the history of photocollage with regard to gender, genre and locations of display. Collage is commonly celebrated as a twentieth-century art form invented by Dada artists in the 1910s. Yet there was already a vibrant culture of making photocollages in Victorian Britain. From an art historical perspective this can be interpreted as an expression of typical modernist amnesia. The default stance of the early twentieth century’s avant-garde was to be radically, ground-breakingly new and different from any historical precursors. However, there is, when turning to the illustrated press, also a trajectory of continuity and withholding of traditions in the history of photocollage. This chapter has two parts. The first includes a critical investigation of the writings on the history of photocollage between the 1970s and 2010s, focusing on the arguments and rationales of forgetting and retrieving those nineteenth-century forerunners. It includes examples of amnesia and recognition and revaluation. The second is a close study of a number of images that appear in Victorian albums produced between 1870 and 1900 and their contemporary counterparts in the visual culture of illustrated journals and books.

Terroir

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-59
Author(s):  
Stephen V. Bittner
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Essential Characteristic ◽  
History Of

Chapter 1 follows the life and career of Mikhail Ballas, a Bessarabian nobleman and late-tsarist Russia’s most influential wine writer. In the early 1900s, Ballas received the prestigious Emperor Alexander IIII Prize in Viniculture for authoring a six-volume set, Winemaking in Russia, which laid out in exacting detail the history of winemaking in the tsarist empire, the present state of the industry, and the quality of wine it produced. Long before the idea of terroir emerged as the essential characteristic of fine wine, Ballas described something that resembled modern notions of terroir: the geographical and climatic diversity of empire, the vinicultural possibilities inherent in that diversity, and most important, the ways that human ingenuity and ecology intersected in unexpected ways in vineyards to produce fine wine.

Democracy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Political History ◽  
The State ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Democratic Practices ◽  
History Of

This chapter seeks to bring out the interrelated quality of twentieth century discussions of democracy, drawing especially on debates in the 1930s and 1970s. It locates these within the longer history of the British conversation about democracy, a conversation that was both influenced by discussions elsewhere and informed by comparisons with, and imaginings of, other polities. It starts with an examination of the history of debating democracy in Britain and then turns to the British way of doing democracy. It argues that the former is essential to making sense of the latter. It moves on to consider how the British have done democracy, drawing upon an emerging cultural history of democratic practices. The final section offers thoughts on the prospects for the historiography of democracy in Britain, and on what its development so far says about the state of modern British political history.

Mamas on Mission: Retracing the Church through the Spiritual Life Writing of Single Female Evangelical Missionaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-313
Author(s):  
Laura Chevalier
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Life Writing ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Compassionate Care ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Feminine Spirituality ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Abstract This article plumbs the spiritual life writing of two twentieth-century single female evangelical missionaries, Lillian Trasher and Dr. Helen Roseveare, for evidence of the church. It rests on concepts of feminine spirituality and the history of women and mission. The historical analysis traces the women’s lives from their early formation through their mission work and looks at six themes of the church on mission that emerged from their writing. It argues that they served as mamas of the church in their contexts by nurturing life through their acts of compassionate care. Their small but deliberate acts of sacrifice and service continue to pose missiological invitations and challenges to the church. Therefore, the article also builds an initial “mama theology” of the church on mission by examining where images in Isaiah and impulses in mission today intersect with the themes in the women’s writing.

POTTERY ART OF SURKHAN OASISIN 1950-80s

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Sayora A. Ergasheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Context ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Art Production

The article tells about the history of ceramics and its features, which is one of the types of crafts in Surkhandarya. A scientific analysis of the social and spiritual basis for the development of crafts in Uzbekistan in the traditional national context and the thousand-year experience of folk crafts are given. Pottery is one of the national handicraft traditions of the Uzbek people, which has long been valued as one of the crafts. At the beginning of the twentieth century, various techniques and mechanisms began to be used in the production of handicrafts. This has had a significant negative impact on the quality of art production. By the 1950s and 1980s, ceramics had made many items disappear. Nevertheless, the oasis potters continued their work, remaining true to the tradition of the master apprentice

The Two Expanded Cinemas

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-99
Author(s):  
Jonathan Walley
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Expanded Cinema ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Phases

This chapter, one of two that make up Part I of the book, provides a revised history of expanded cinema from the mid-1960s to the late 1970s. It divides this period into two phases or waves of expanded cinema. During the first phase, the term was more or less synonymous with “intermedia,” connoting hybridity, the dissolution of artistic boundaries, and the questioning of traditional art forms. But the liberatory rhetoric of this phase was countered by concerns that the expansion of cinema threatened to dilute and destabilize the art form that generations of filmmakers and film critics had worked to establish. It was within avant-garde film that the perceived threat to cinema’s identity caused the most anxiety, as that mode of film practice had always been the most preoccupied with the nature of cinema. Within a few years, the term “expanded cinema” was reclaimed by filmmakers whose work extended avant-garde cinema’s longstanding tradition of specifying the cinematic into a wide range of new, “expanded” forms. This phase of expanded cinema lasted through the 1970s into the first few years of the 1980s. Chapter 1 also introduces two other major themes: a historical process of negotiation between cinema’s specificity and its connections to the other arts, which works of expanded cinema enact, and the interplay between two conceptions of cinema—as a physical material and an ephemeral experience. This reciprocal movement between the material and ephemeral is a key factor in expanded cinema’s formal mutability.

scholarly journals The Myth of Perfect Fidelity

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-43
Author(s):  
Melle Jan Kromhout
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Sound Media ◽  
The Many ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Chapter 1 gives a brief history of the noise of sound media from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth century, tracing the development of different concepts of noise in dialogue with and reaction to ever more complex and sophisticated technologies. It explores the many ways in which inventors, engineers, producers, and musicians have sought to prevent, reduce, and eliminate this noise. The chapter thereby draws the contours of a myth of perfect fidelity or the idea that reproduced sound can in principle be separated from the noise of the medium and complete similitude between original and copy can be achieved. This myth is illustrated by two examples of noise-related technologies: Dolby analog noise reduction, which actively reduces the noise of sound media, and the counterintuitive practice of “dithering” in digital recording, by means of which small amounts of random noise are introduced to reduce digitization errors.

scholarly journals The bus transport development in Malta

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Agata Pomykała
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Bus Transport ◽  
Minimum Quality

The aim of the article is the presentation the history of the creation and development of bus transport in Malta, including the beginning of bus transport in the first years of the twentieth century. It also presents the reforms from the 1970s and changes that have occurred in recent years. Bus transport was covered the system of contracted public services with specification of minimum quality requirements, which led to the optimization and modernization of the bus park, improvement of the quality of services and increase in the number of passengers.

scholarly journals O potrzebie badań nad historią hematologii

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-221
Author(s):  
Renata Elżbieta Paliga
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Blood Diseases ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Field

On the Need for Research into the History of Hematology Hematology emerged from the study of internal diseases in the twentieth century. Its history can be divided into three periods: the first (elementary) – separation from internal diseases, the second (interdisciplinary) – development by combining the achievements from other fields and joint activities of research teams, and the third (which is difficult to label as it is ongoing) – cognition at the genetic and molecular level. Thanks to the progress of science (immunology, serology, genetics, cytogenetics, genetic engineering, etc.) and the use of their discoveries in broadly-understood hematology, there has been a spectacular change in the knowledge about blood diseases and prognosis. The spectrum of treatment of chronic diseases has been expanded, improving the quality of patients’ lives, and the diagnostic possibilities have been enlarged. The history of such an important field of medicine has been little studied in Poland. This article aims to justify the need to research the history of Polish hematology.

Pulp Catholicism: Catholics in American Popular Film

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-216
Author(s):  
Anthony Burke Smith
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Popular Film ◽  
Production Code ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Jazz Music ◽  
History Of ◽  
Original Production ◽  
The Church

This chapter assays some of the roles that Catholics played in the art form/industry that shared with jazz music a distinction as the most influential American cultural product of the twentieth century. It uncovers a rich, nearly lost history of apostolic film production—launched prior to 1920—under the auspices of the Catholic Art Association. Catholic tastemakers' relatively sophisticated embrace of visual mass culture stood in marked contrast to the later heavy-handed censorship motive that was often ascribed to the church. The film industry's original production code was written in 1930 by the prominent film-friendly Jesuit and theatrical impresario Daniel Lord; in later incarnations a harsher code was enforced with gusto by a small group of highly influential laymen.

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