The Brokers and the Broken

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-154
Author(s):  
Jim Powell
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Tabulated Data ◽  
Dividing Line ◽  
Cotton Trade

This chapter elaborates on the anecdotal evidence of the previous chapter. It includes a study of members of the Liverpool Cotton Brokers’ Association and how they operated. The most powerful factions in Britain’s raw cotton trade were the selling brokers and the bankers. This is corroborated by a study of the B Lists of the customs Bills of Entry for Liverpool, which provide a complete inventory of who received every consignment into the port. All cotton consignments for 1860 and 1864 have been tabulated. Data are produced which show the changes wrought by the civil war to cotton shipments, and which prove that 91 per cent of LCBA members were direct recipients of cotton from Liverpool docks. This is the final blow to the notion that there was a scrupulous dividing line between buying and selling brokers. Almost all cotton brokers were traders, but not necessarily successful ones. The chapter concludes with an account of some of the bankruptcies and suggests that Thomas Ellison knowingly falsified the historical record.

Losing the Thread

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Powell
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cotton Trade

Losing the Thread is the first full-length study of the effect of the American Civil War on Britain’s raw cotton trade and on the Liverpool cotton market. It details the worst crisis in the British cotton trade in the 19th century. Before the civil war, America supplied 80 per cent of Britain’s cotton. In August 1861, this fell to almost zero, where it remained for four years. Despite increased supplies from elsewhere, Britain’s largest industry received only 36 per cent of the raw material it needed from 1862 to 1864. This book establishes the facts of Britain’s raw cotton supply during the war: how much there was of it, in absolute terms and in relation to the demand, where it came from and why, how much it cost, and what effect the reduced supply had on Britain’s cotton manufacture. It includes an enquiry into the causes of the Lancashire cotton famine, which contradicts the historical consensus on the subject. Examining the impact of the civil war on Liverpool and its cotton market, the book disputes the historic portrayal of Liverpool as a solidly pro-Confederate town. It also demonstrates how reckless speculation infested and distorted the raw cotton market, and lays bare the shadowy world of the Liverpool cotton brokers, who profited hugely from the war while the rest of Lancashire starved.

Thyra Edwards’s Spanish Civil War Scrapbook

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Anne Donlon
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Black History ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Black Feminist ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Feminist History ◽  
History Of

This essay examines the life of African American social worker Thyra Edwards, who traveled to Spain during its civil war, and returned home to fund-raise and organize. She created a scrapbook, a public-facing record of African American women’s efforts on behalf of Republican Spain, made up of photographs prepared for publication and articles about her efforts circulated in newspapers. This feminist perspective of the “folks at home” is a crucial addendum to black history of the war in Spain. Edwards’s scrapbook is a multifaceted document: a kind of autobiography that is self-conscious in its historical record-keeping, an account of a very broad black Popular Front, and a black feminist history of the Spanish Civil War.

Doing Business and Imperfections in the Development of Knowledge Economy in the Arab Countries

2014 ◽  
pp. 335-363
Author(s):  
Ahmed Driouchi
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Enterprise Creation

As underlined in the previous chapter, rents may reduce the capacity of Arab economies to accelerate its adoption of knowledge economy. Major imperfections in these economies at the levels of markets, governance, and enterprises are discussed in this chapter. The limited business and enterprise creation in relation to the high unemployment of skilled labor are among the issues analyzed and discussed. As the prevailing political, macroeconomic, and business components are inter-related, imperfections are identified in almost all areas of the Arab economies. The chapter shows clearly that shifts to further knowledge economic and social policies are needed.

The American Civil War

2020 ◽  
pp. 246-271
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Henry Ward Beecher ◽  
North And South ◽  
Cotton Trade

Because of its position as a port in the cotton trade, Liverpool had a special role in the Civil War. This chapter considers the rival consular activities of North and South, and the secret local commissioning of battle-ships as well as the campaign by both sides to enlist British support. Henry Ward Beecher was one of the key figures in these activities.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jim Powell
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
American Civil War ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cotton Trade

This chapter describes the objectives of the book. No full-length work exists on the crisis in the British cotton trade during the American Civil War, and the only substantial study of the raw cotton market in Liverpool was made by Thomas Ellison 130 years ago. The book remedies these omissions. It has two objectives. First, to establish the factual record of Britain’s raw cotton supply during the civil war. Second, to examine the impact of the civil war on Liverpool, and on the operation of the raw cotton trade there, with specific reference to the role of the cotton brokers. The chapter discusses the existing historiography and its deficiencies, and describes the primary sources that underpin this study. It establishes the crucial, and neglected, importance of price to the trade in raw cotton.

'A Very Quiet, Outspoken, Pleasant Gentleman [sic]': The United States Military Attaché's Reports on Baron von Ungern-Sternberg, March 1921

Inner Asia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-377
Author(s):  
James Boyd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Military ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Almost All

AbstractIn works dealing with modern Mongolia, the 'Mad' or 'Bloody' Baron UngernSternberg is always mentioned and, more often than not, the picture that is painted of him is a man driven by demons, someone who committed unspeakable atrocities against almost all he encountered. This article does not dispute that Ungern-Sternberg committed atrocities during the Russian civil War, but draws on contemporary english-language sources that suggest that the portrayal of the baron as a 'monster' is open to doubt.

scholarly journals Immigration of British Coal Miners in the Civil War Decade

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Zahl Gottlieb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
United States Census ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Economic Depression ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost

British coal miners immigrated to the United States in increasing numbers during the Civil War decade. Their movement from the collieries gathered momentum in the early war years and reached its peak in 1869. In 1862, almost all of the immigrants entering the United States who listed their occupation as “miner” were from Britain. As shown in the table, such men accounted for more than 73% of all immigrant miners in each of the following years of the decade for which data are available, with the exception of 1864. In 1870, the 57,214 British immigrant miners listed in the United States Census represented more than 60% of all foreign-born miners (94,719) in the country. The movement from Britain had already slowed when news of the American economic depression that began in 1873 reached the collieries in Britain, where an extraordinary demand for iron in the early 1870's had hiked coal miners' wages far above normal levels. However, when employment in the American coalfields was readily available in the 1860's and early 1870's, the risk involved in spending hard-won savings on the journey, which cost approximately £5 and took ten days by steamer, appeared reasonable. In comparison with other wage earners coal miners in Britain were relatively well-paid. They could, therefore, accumulate the cost of the trans-Atlantic passage during “good-times” at home.

scholarly journals II. Notes on the Life of Thomas Rainborowe, Officer in the Army and Navy in the service of the Parliament of England

Archaeologia ◽  
1880 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-64
Author(s):  
Edward Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Memory ◽  
Almost All

The want of a really good biographical dictionary of Englishmen is, perhaps, more felt by those whose vocation it is to investigate the details of the great civil war of the seventeenth century than by students of any other class. The fame of three or four of the leading spirits of the time has eclipsed in the common memory almost all the other people who took an important part in the struggle between Charles the First and his Parliament. Such must be in a great degree the case whenever the dramatic interest of the story centres in the actions of one commanding intellect or the misfortunes and errors of a single sufferer; but there is, we believe, no other great crisis in modern history where the less known have been permitted to remain so entirely unknown as the time of which we speak.

scholarly journals CHARLEY PATTON MED SAKRALNIM IN PROFANIMCHARLEY PATTON BETWEEN SACRAL AND PROFANE

Traditiones ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-180
Author(s):  
Jane Weber
Keyword(s):  
American Culture ◽  
Sacred Music ◽  
Musical Skills ◽  
Sacred And Profane ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Religious Songs ◽  
Dividing Line

Prispevek obravnava sakralne skladbe Charleyja Pattona, posnete med letoma 1929 in 1934 na gramofonskih ploščah z 78 o/min. Na njih so dokumentirane Pattonove številne glasbene značilnosti. Moč njegove glasbe je na primer pogosto najočitnejša v njegovih spiritualih in gospelih. Avtor preučuje ločnico med posvetno in sakralno glasbo v Pattonovi glasbeni zapuščini in širše v afroameriški kulturi, pri čemer se osredinja na prehajanja te ločnice in prepletanje glasbenih slogov ter ugotavlja, da se je Patton v glasbenih izvedbah zlahka sprehajal med sakralnim in posvetnim.***The article introduces Charley Patton’s religious songs on 78 rpm gramophone records recorded in the period from 1929 to 1934. Almost all of Patton’s varied musical skills come out on those records. For example, the power of his music is often most evident in his spiritual and gospel work. The author writes about the divide between secular and sacred music in Afro-American culture and particularly in Patton’s legacy. The author was also mainly interested in crossing of that dividing line and in blending of various styles, and he ascertained that in his performances Patton easily crossed the line of separation between sacred and profane.

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