scholarly journals CONVERSION OF AN ORDINARY N BICYCLE INTO AN ELECTRIC BIKE AND RELATED RESEARCH / DVIRAČIO PERDARYMAS Į ELEKTRINĮ IR JO TYRIMAS

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Marius Janavičius
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Lifepo4 Battery ◽  
Electric Bike

An electric bicycle as a transport and leisure vehicle is expected to have a promising future. Currently, he market offers a great choice of factory electric bicycles and conversion kits to remake an ordinary bicycle into an electric bike. Also, the increasing number of electric vehicles is determined by the reduction in costs for manufacturing of batteries and an evolution in battery technology. This article presents the implementation of an electric bike by selecting the “Golden Motor Technology” company’s electric front wheel conversion kit MagicPie3 and 16 cell 10Ah LiFePO4 battery. After installation of the engine and other components, experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance characteristics of the electric bike and check the manufacturer’s specifications. Elektriniams dviračiams, kaip transporto ir laisvalaikio praleidimo priemonėms, prognozuojamos geros perspektyvos. Šiuo metu rinkoje yra didelis pasirinkimas gamyklinių elektrinių dviračių ir adaptavimo komplektų paprastam dviračiui perdaryti į elektrinį. Elektrinių transporto priemonių gausėjimą lemia tobulėjančios ir pingančios maitinimo elementų technologijos bei gamyba. Straipsnyje aprašoma, kaip dviratį perdaryti į elektrinį pasirinkus „Golden Motor Technology“ kompanijos 26 colių skersmens priekinio elektrinio rato adaptavimo komplektą MagicPie3 ir 16 celių 10 Ah LiFePO4 bateriją. Sumontavus variklį ir kitus komponentus atlikti eksperimentai, siekiant įvertinti technines elektrinio dviračio charakteristikas ir patikrinti gamintojo nurodytas specifikacijas.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Pedelec E-Bike Using Modified Mid Drive Motor

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Hollanda Arief Kusuma ◽  
Ibnu Kahfi Bachtiar ◽  
Tonny Suhendra ◽  
Unai Sunardi ◽  
Septia Refly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Motor Controller ◽  
Drive Motor ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Electric Bike

In small island areas, people still use fossil fuel vehicles as their mode of transportation. This will cause environmental damage. One solution to this problem is developing the electric bike. This study uses a power-assisted bicycle type electric bicycle, consisting of a battery, a dc motor, a motor controller, and a throttle motor. From the test results, the motor can be used to support the rider. The problem is that the rated power is still more oversized than the engine can receive, where the temperature rises sharply from 30. 6 ° to 56.8°C in 21 minutes. The consequence was motor burnout because the motor forced to turn the front wheel over time. For right now, this e-bike suitable tourism bike in a short area so we can make sure the motor temperature did not exceed 50°C.

scholarly journals Practical Application of the Whipple and Carvallo Stability Model on Modern Bicycles with Pedal Assistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5672
Author(s):  
Sien Dieltiens ◽  
Frederik Debrouwere ◽  
Marc Juwet ◽  
Eric Demeester
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Stable Range ◽  
Stability Behaviour ◽  
Stability Model ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Extra Weight ◽  
Physically Challenged

Increasingly more people cycle with electrically-powered pedal assistance. The reduced pedalling effort attracts physically challenged people and seniors, who have a higher risk of falling. Since electric bicycles are heavier and the centre of masses are located higher, accidents happen easily. This study analyses the influence of the addition of a battery and motor unit on the stability behaviour of common bicycles for women. Based on market research, seven typical bicycle configurations are determined. Geometrics, mass values, and cycling postures are measured, and the theoretical stability behaviour is determined analytically based on the stability model of Whipple and Carvallo. The research shows that bicycles without pedal assistance have a smaller self-stable and semi-stable range than most electric bicycles. The electric bicycle with a motor implemented in the front wheel perform best, as the extra weight of the motor enhances the gyroscopic self-stabilization of the front wheel. Furthermore, a battery in the lower mid-tube is preferred over one in the luggage rack as it lowers the center of mass of the rear frame assembly. Knowledge about the optimal configuration to maximize the stability will enhance the cycling comfort and minimize the chance of accidents.

A review on powertrain subsystems and charging technology in battery electric vehicles: Current and future trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110259
Author(s):  
Kunal Wagh ◽  
Pankaj Dhatrak
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Global Emission ◽  
Battery Technology

The transport industry is a major contributor to both local pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). The key challenge today is to mitigate the adverse impacts on the environment caused by road transportation. The volatile market prices and diminishing supplies of fuel have led to an unprecedented interest in battery electric vehicles (BEVs). In addition, improvements in motor efficiencies and significant advances in battery technology have made it easier for BEVs to compete with internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. This paper describes and assesses the latest technologies in different elements of the BEV: powertrain architectures, propulsion and regeneration systems, energy storage systems and charging techniques. The current and future trends of these technologies have been reviewed in detail. Finally, the key issue of electric vehicle component recycling (battery, motor and power electronics) has been discussed. Global emission regulations are pushing the industry towards zero or ultra-low emission vehicles. Thus, by 2025, most cars must have a considerable level of powertrain electrification. As the market share of electric vehicles increases, clear trends have emerged in the development of powertrain systems. However, some significant barriers must be overcome before appreciable market penetration can be achieved. The objective of the current study is to review and provide a complete picture of the current BEV technology and a framework to assist future research in the sector.

scholarly journals A Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 372-404
Author(s):  
Julio A. Sanguesa ◽  
Vicente Torres-Sanz ◽  
Piedad Garrido ◽  
Francisco J. Martinez ◽  
Johann M. Marquez-Barja
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
New Research ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Technology Trends

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining momentum due to several factors, including the price reduction as well as the climate and environmental awareness. This paper reviews the advances of EVs regarding battery technology trends, charging methods, as well as new research challenges and open opportunities. More specifically, an analysis of the worldwide market situation of EVs and their future prospects is carried out. Given that one of the fundamental aspects in EVs is the battery, the paper presents a thorough review of the battery technologies—from the Lead-acid batteries to the Lithium-ion. Moreover, we review the different standards that are available for EVs charging process, as well as the power control and battery energy management proposals. Finally, we conclude our work by presenting our vision about what is expected in the near future within this field, as well as the research aspects that are still open for both industry and academic communities.

Differential steering-based electric vehicle lateral dynamics control with rollover consideration

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-348
Author(s):  
Hui Jing ◽  
Rongrong Wang ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Jinxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Measurement Problem ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Front Wheel ◽  
Steering Control ◽  
Lateral Velocity ◽  
Lateral Dynamics ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Differential Steering

This article investigates the differential steering-based schema to control the lateral and rollover motions of the in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicles. Generated from the different torque of the front two wheels, the differential steering control schema will be activated to function the driver’s request when the regular steering system is in failure, thus avoiding dangerous consequences for in-wheel motor electric vehicles. On the contrary, when the vehicle is approaching rollover, the torque difference between the front two wheels will be decreased rapidly, resulting in failure of differential steering. Then, the vehicle rollover characteristic is also considered in the control system to enhance the efficiency of the differential steering. In addition, to handle the low cost measurement problem of the reference of front wheel steering angle and the lateral velocity, an [Formula: see text] observer-based control schema is presented to regulate the vehicle stability and handling performance, simultaneously. Finally, the simulation is performed based on the CarSim–Simulink platform, and the results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control schema.

scholarly journals Revisiting Olivine Phosphate and Blend Cathodes in Lithium Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujing Bi ◽  
Deyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Olivine Phosphate

As electric vehicle market growing fast, lithium ion batteries demand is increasing rapidly. Sufficient battery materials supplies including cathode, anode, electrolyte, additives, et al. are required accordingly. Although layered cathode is welcome in high energy density batteries, it is challenging to balance the high energy density and safety beside cost. As consequence, olivine phosphate cathode is coming to the stage center again along with battery technology development. It is important and necessary to revisit the olivine phosphate cathode to understand and support the development of electric vehicles utilized lithium ion batteries. In addition, blend cathode is a good strategy to tailor and balance cathode property and performance. In this chapter, blend cathode using olivine phosphate cathode will be discussed as well as olivine phosphate cathode.

scholarly journals Build Design Of Electric Bike As Energy Efficient Transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Sundhy Pareza ◽  
Purwantono Purwantono ◽  
Remon Lapisa ◽  
Primawati Primawati
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Bike ◽  
Dc Electric Motor

The issue of global warming is very strong in the force in the procession, the damage caused by global warming is very influential in the survival of living beings. The methods performed in this study are experimental methods. The experiments performed were to make a design and to become a unity so that it formed a tool of electric bicycle transportation that can be used well. This thesis author devise and assemble electric bicycle using DC electric motor 24 Volt 250 Watt and 3000 rpm. The power system used is 24 Volt 12 Ampere battery. From the results of the test and analysis of data that has been taken on the electric bicycle obtained data of the average speed obtained by the electric bike with a load of 78 = 4.94 m/s, load 83 = 4.59 m/s, load 88 = 4.25 m/s, power output to drive electric bicycle with load 78 = 266.679 Watt, load 83 = 263.810 Watt, load 88 = 258.984 Watt. Isu pemanasan global sangat kuat di gencar disuarakan, kerusakan yang disebabkan pemanasan global sangat berpengaruh pada kelangsungan hidup makluk hidup. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Eksperimen yang dilakukan adalah membuat sebuah rancangan dan merakitnya menjadi suatu kesatuan sehingga terbentuk sebuah alat transportasi sepeda listrikyang dapat digunakan dengan baik. Skripsi ini penulis merancang dan merakit sepeda listrik dengan menggunakan motor listrik DC 24 Volt 250 Watt dan 3000 rpm. Sistem daya yang digunakan adalah baterai 24 Volt 12 Ampere. Dari hasil pengujian dan analisis data yang telah diambil pada sepeda listrik didapatkan data berupa kecepatan rata-rata yang didapatkan sepeda listrik dengan beban 78 = 4,94 m/s, beban 83 = 4,59 m/s, beban 88 = 4,25 m/s, daya output untuk menggerakkan sepeda listrik  dengan beban 78 = 266,679 Watt, beban 83 = 263,810 Watt, beban 88 = 258,984 Watt.

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