scholarly journals IMPACT OF MODIFICATED ASPHALT MIXTURES ON PAVING FUNCTIONING AND ENVIRONMENT / MODIFIKUOTŲ ASFALTBETONIO MIŠINIŲ POVEIKIS DANGOS FUKNCIONAVIMUI IR APLINKAI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
Gediminas Gribulis ◽  
Donatas Čygas ◽  
Audrius Vaitkus
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Paving

Atmospheric pollution began to increase in the beginning of 19th century, when the global economy and industrial development started the signal grow. The current problem of global warming is partly related with emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) to environment, which one of the sources are industrial production companies. Warm asphalt mix is usually used in the practice of Lithuania and the world for equipment of road paving. These mixes are produced in specialized asphalt mixers where stone dosing, drying and its mixing with bituminous binders are performed. The temperature of produced hot asphalt mix in mixer reach 150–180 °C and 120–160 °C of mixture laying on the road. Various pollutants, carbon dioxide, formaldehydes, and other are spread to the environment. The carried out researches in Lithuania and the world have showed that while using special additives it is possible to reduce the temperatures of warm asphalt production and laying on the road. Such reduction of temperature helps not to worsen the quality of asphalt layer, to lower the emission of pollutants to environment, to improve the conditions of road workers and to economically use the gas for production of asphalt mixes. Production technologies of different asphalt mixes, their advantages and disadvantages, and results of laboratory tests are analyzed in this article. Equipment samples of experimental road sections, using the warm mixing asphalt mixtures are given. 19 amžiaus pradžioje, ėmus sparčiai augti pasaulinei ekonomikai ir vystytis pramonei, pradėjo didėti ir atmosferos užterštumas. Dabartinė globalinė pasaulinio atšilimo problema iš dalies siejama su anglies dioksido (CO2) išmetimu į aplinką, kurio vienas iš šaltinių yra pramoninės gamybos įmonės. Automobilių kelių dangoms įrengti Lietuvos ir pasaulinėje praktikoje dažniausiai naudojami karšto asfalto mišiniai. Šie mišiniai yra gaminami specialiuose asfalto maišytuvuose, kuriuose akmens medžiagos dozuojamos, džiovinamos, maišomos su bituminiais rišikliais. Gaminamo karšto asfalto mišinio temperatūra maišytuve siekia 150–180 oC, o kelyje klojamo – 120–160 oC. Šių procesų metu į aplinką paskleidžiama įvairių teršalų: anglies dioksido, formaldehidų ir kt. Pasaulyje ir Lietuvoje atlikti moksliniai tyrimai parodė, kad naudojant specialius priedus galima sumažinti karštų asfalto mišinių gamybos bei klojimo kelyje temperatūrą. Toks temperatūros sumažinimas leidžia nepabloginti asfalto dangų kokybės, sumažinti teršalų išmetimą į aplinką, pagerinti kelyje dirbančių darbuotojų darbo sąlygas, ekonomiškiau naudoti asfalto mišinių gamybai reikalingas dujas. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamos skirtingų asfalto mišinių gamybos technologijos, jų privalumai ir trūkumai, laboratorinių bandymų rezultatai. Pateikiami eksperimentinių kelių ruožų įrengimo pavyzdžiai, naudojant šiltojo maišymo asfalto mišinius.

scholarly journals China's Dilemmas on the Road to Reforms Under Xi Jinping

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149
Author(s):  
Juhan Värk
Keyword(s):  
Central Committee ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Strategic Partner ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
The Road ◽  
National Leader ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

AbstractOn 15 November 2012, at the plenary session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping was elected the Party' general secretary, whereas he also became the chairman of the influential Central Military Commission. Too eager to wait to be inaugurated as President of the People' Republic of China in March 2013, the new national leader announced that in the following decade he is guided by the main objective of his predecessor Hu Jintao to double the prosperity of the people by the year 2020 and to keep the country' economy stable and growing fast. Unfortunately, it will be difficult for the new leader of China to implement his intentions, since, presumably, the country' new leadership will be from the older generation, hardliners, and, most importantly, politically conservative. But the difficulties lie in carrying out economic reforms because of rampant corruption and shadow banking in the central apparatus and in regions.According to the World Bank' analysis, China has become the world' largest economy. But the large expenditures to military reform and environmental protection are not sufficient for Xi Jinping to accomplish the goal to raise significantly the poor living standards of Chinese people. China has also faced difficulties in complying with the basic principles of its foreign policy, especially after the annexation of Crimea and its incorporation into the Russian Federation by China' strategic partner, Russia. In the past, China has carried out campaigns against “Americanization”, although with no tangible results. Thus, the leaders of today' China are faced with a number of dilemmas.

scholarly journals CLASSICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND UAV – SELECTED ASCPECTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mikrut
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Images ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Subpixel Accuracy ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
The One ◽  
Research Centres

The UAV technology seems to be highly future-oriented due to its low costs as compared to traditional aerial images taken from classical photogrammetry aircrafts. The AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow - Department of Geoinformation, Photogrammetry and Environmental Remote Sensing focuses mainly on geometry and radiometry of recorded images. Various scientific research centres all over the world have been conducting the relevant research for years. The paper presents selected aspects of processing digital images made with the UAV technology. It provides on a practical example a comparison between a digital image taken from an airborne (classical) height, and the one made from an UAV level. In his research the author of the paper is trying to find an answer to the question: to what extent does the UAV technology diverge today from classical photogrammetry, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both methods? The flight plan was made over the Tokarnia Village Museum (more than 0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) for two separate flights: the first was made by an UAV - System FT-03A built by FlyTech Solution Ltd. The second was made with the use of a classical photogrammetric Cesna aircraft furnished with an airborne photogrammetric camera (Ultra Cam Eagle). Both sets of photographs were taken with pixel size of about 3 cm, in order to have reliable data allowing for both systems to be compared. The project has made aerotriangulation independently for the two flights. The DTM was generated automatically, and the last step was the generation of an orthophoto. The geometry of images was checked under the process of aerotriangulation. To compare the accuracy of these two flights, control and check points were used. RMSE were calculated. The radiometry was checked by a visual method and using the author's own algorithm for feature extraction (to define edges with subpixel accuracy). After initial pre-processing of data, the images were put together, and shown side by side. Buildings and strips on the road were selected from whole data for the comparison of edges and details. The details on UAV images were not worse than those on classical photogrammetric ones. One might suppose that geometrically they also were correct. The results of aerotriangulation prove these facts, too. Final results from aerotriangulation were on the level of RMS = 1 pixel (about 3 cm). In general it can be said that photographs from UAVs are not worse than classic ones. In the author's opinion, geometric and radiometric qualities are at a similar level for this kind of area (a small village). This is a very significant result as regards mapping. It means that UAV data can be used in mapping production.

scholarly journals Cycling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk-Jan Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
On The Road

In an effort to fight climate change, many cities try to boost their cycling levels. They often look towards the Dutch for guidance. However, historians have only begun to uncover how and why the Netherlands became the premier cycling country of the world. Why were Dutch cyclists so successful in their fight for a place on the road? Cycling Pathways: The Politics and Governance of Dutch Cycling Infrastructure, 1920-2020 explores the long political struggle that culminated in today’s high cycling levels. Delving into the archives, it uncovers the important role of social movements and shows in detail how these interacted with national, provincial, and urban engineers and policymakers to govern the distribution of road space and construction of cycling infrastructure. It discusses a wide range of topics, ranging from activists to engineering committees, from urban commuters to recreational cyclists and from the early 1900s to today in order to uncover the long and all-but-forgotten history of Dutch cycling governance.

scholarly journals Świat jako tranzyt. Poetyka przestrzeni w poezji Gizelli Lachman

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Jolanta Brzykcy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Model ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of

The article is an analysis of the poetry of Gisella Lachman (1895–1969), poet of the “first wave” of Russian emigration, from the perspective of the poetics of space. The poet expressed her emigration experience (multiple changes of residence: Russia, Germany, Switzerland, USA) in her poems in spatial relations. They appear on different levels of the works’ morphology: in the construction of the lyrical “I”, in the organisation of the presented world, in the repertoire of motifs and the selection of poetic lexis and genre forms. Space plays a literal role in Lachman’s poetry; it is a representation of extra-literary reality, seen subjectively. It is also subject to metaphorisation, becoming a tool for expressing philosophical content. The poet creates not only a spatial model of the world, but also a spatial model of human life, which she perceives as a transit on the road to eternity.

scholarly journals Intellectual Property in Clinical Research - the Obstacles on the Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-172
Author(s):  
Iulianna Lupasco ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Scientific Innovation ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

Intellectual property behind the scenery of clinical research present a very special issue in scientific field presenting a deep underestimation of the main precious production of scientific researchers – production of mind, intellect, knowledge, clinical practice and research. In this article are highlighted main questions the young researches and not only young ones face while generating ideas, developing into nice projects. In this topic are discussed the main types of intellectual property in clinical research with a short introduction how the law protects them on a national level and why intellectual property is important for every clinical scientist. The literature review is closely intertwined with our own observations over the years in terms of intellectual property. Finally, the main benefits of intellectual property protection for clinical researchers will be presented empowering with new contacts and scientific innovation leaders from other places of the world.

Creating Cultural Capital: The Education of Jewish Females at the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU) School for Girls in the City of Tunis, 1882–1914

Hawwa ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-59
Author(s):  
Joy A. Land
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Female Wage ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The City ◽  
Alliance Israelite Universelle

Abstract Based on rarely viewed images from the fin de siècle, this article will contribute to the burgeoning field of Jewish women in the world of Islam. At the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU) School for Girls in the city of Tunis, 1882–1914, after a seven-year course of study, Jewish and non-Jewish girls acquired certification of their academic or vocational skills through a certificate or diploma of couture. Such credentials, according to Bourdieu (1986), constitute “cultural capital.” Furthermore, “cultural capital … is convertible … into economic capital and may be institutionalized in the forms of educational qualifications.” A young woman could create cultural capital and transform it into economic capital through employment. Reading the sources, the influence of the Tunisian Muslim woman on the Jewess becomes apparent. Moreover, cultural capital could afford the Jewish female wage earner increased economic independence and social mobility, as she journeyed on the road to modernity.

A Closer Look at the Culture of Infidelity

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-200
Author(s):  
Steven M. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Road ◽  
Emotional Relationships ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The One ◽  
Communication Methods

This chapter takes a deeper look at the culture of infidelity that pervades the world of professional sports, why wives share a universal fear that their husbands will be unfaithful, and how they are affected by the possibility or actuality that their husbands will engage in sexual or emotional relationships with other women. Three patterns of infidelity are identified in the context of the sport marriage: the one-time encounter, the short-term affair, and the long-term affair. The concept of suspicion work is introduced to examine how wives try to manage the fear that their husbands may succumb to temptation and to specify how denial can be part of this process. The chapter discusses re-entry routines and communication methods some couples use when husbands return from travel, and the boundaries of fidelity and forgiveness wives establish as they attempt to cope with the realities of their husbands’ lives on the road.

Genius Loci

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Jonah Raskin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Jack London ◽  
Grapes Of Wrath ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
On The Road

This essay takes a literary journey to Jack London State Historic Park, the National Steinbeck Center, and the Beat Museum. An exploration of the shrines that are devoted to writers and which attract readers from around the world as well as close to home, the essay explores California’s identity as a cultural destination for tourists as well as for natives of the Golden State. By linking specific geographical places, such as Glen Ellen, Salinas, and San Francisco to books and to their authors, California’s literary shrines weave a kind of cultural magic that transcends time and place and invigorates twentieth-century classics such as Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, Kerouac’s On the Road, and Jack London’s The Iron Heel.

Covenants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Kingston
Keyword(s):  
World Council Of Churches ◽  
Methodist Church ◽  
The Road ◽  
Church Of Ireland ◽  
The World ◽  
World Council ◽  
History Of ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Church ◽  
Different Parts

This chapter explores the notion of covenant as an instrument which may facilitate closer and more binding relationships between or among churches wanting to commit to each other in a further step on the road to complete unity. The history of the term is outlined, noting its origin with the World Council of Churches. Several recent covenant relationships in different parts of the world are examined, with comments on their development and documentation. It is observed that a leading motivation in the establishment of covenants has been that of mission, while a significant challenge has been varying theologies of ministry. Particular note is taken of the covenant between the Methodist Church in Ireland and the Church of Ireland (Anglican), in which these churches are formulating legislation to facilitate interchangeability of ministries.

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