Molecular-cloud-scale Chemical Composition. III. Constraints of Average Physical Properties through Chemical Models

Aims. We aim to reveal the physical properties and chemical composition of the cores in the California molecular cloud (CMC), so as to better understand the initial conditions of star formation. Methods. We made a high-resolution column density map (18.2′′) with Herschel data, and extracted a complete sample of the cores in the CMC with the fellwalker algorithm. We performed new single-pointing observations of molecular lines near 90 GHz with the IRAM 30m telescope along the main filament of the CMC. In addition, we also performed a numerical modeling of chemical evolution for the cores under the physical conditions. Results. We extracted 300 cores, of which 33 are protostellar and 267 are starless cores. About 51% (137 of 267) of the starless cores are prestellar cores. Three cores have the potential to evolve into high-mass stars. The prestellar core mass function (CMF) can be well fit by a log-normal form. The high-mass end of the prestellar CMF shows a power-law form with an index α = −0.9 ± 0.1 that is shallower than that of the Galactic field stellar mass function. Combining the mass transformation efficiency (ε) from the prestellar core to the star of 15 ± 1% and the core formation efficiency (CFE) of 5.5%, we suggest an overall star formation efficiency of about 1% in the CMC. In the single-pointing observations with the IRAM 30m telescope, we find that 6 cores show blue-skewed profile, while 4 cores show red-skewed profile. [HCO+]/[HNC] and [HCO+]/[N2H+] in protostellar cores are higher than those in prestellar cores; this can be used as chemical clocks. The best-fit chemical age of the cores with line observations is ~5 × 104 yr.

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Quality analysis and prospects for use of lupin seeds of Belarusian selection

Food Science and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.30721/fsab2020.v3.i1.71 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Lyudmila Rukshan ◽

Alena Navazhilova ◽

Dmitry Kudin

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Great Influence ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Bakery Products ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Protein Food ◽

Lupin Seeds

The paper investigates technological parameters of the quality of low-alkaloid lupin of five cultivars selected and grown in the Republic of Belarus during the years from 2007 to 2017. Prospects for the use of the obtained seeds have been studied. This study reveals great influence of cultivar and climatic conditions during growth of lupin seeds on correlation of anatomic parts in seeds as well as on their physical properties. Cultivar of lupin seeds Jan is recommended for whole grain flour and graded flour production based on its anatomic composition, uniformity and physical properties. A comparative analysis of chemical composition, quality parameters and technological properties of lupin flour has been done. The chemical composition of lupin flour, of whole grain lupin flour, in particular, has been found to be relatively low in starch, high in protein, food fibers, minerals and organic acids. As a result, whole grain lupin flour has been proved to have higher food value when compared to traditional wheat flour. This paper demonstrates the difference between lupin flour characteristics and those of wheat flour in terms of color, acidity, enzymatic activity and adsorbing properties. This study reveals the possibility of use of lupin flour in bakery products by substituting traditional types of flour with lupin flour at 10-30% levels, as well as by replacing egg products with lupin flour at 25-50% levels. The work highlights the use of lupin flour at the stages of dough kneading, dough preparation, foam and emulsion production mainly by using rapid dough making methods.Practical applicationsRecommendations have been made on the usage of lupin flour in the technological process of bakery products manufacturing, macaroni and flour confectionery products production.

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NICROFER 5520 Co

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ni0480 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Heat Treating ◽

High Temperature Corrosion ◽

Creep Properties ◽

Nickel Chromium ◽

Temperature Performance

Abstract NICROFER 5520 Co is a nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum alloy with excellent strength and creep properties up to high temperatures. Due to its balanced chemical composition the alloy shows outstanding resistance to high temperature corrosion in the form of oxidation and carburization. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-480. Producer or source: VDM Technologies Corporation.

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BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0721 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tool Steel ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Diffusion Annealing ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

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Carbon-chain molecules in molecular outflows and Lupus I region – new producing region and new forming mechanism

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ◽

10.1093/mnras/stz1498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 488 (1) ◽

pp. 495-511

Author(s):

Yuefang Wu ◽

Xunchuan Liu ◽

Xi Chen ◽

Lianghao Lin ◽

Jinghua Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radio Telescope ◽

Molecular Cloud ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Species Range ◽

Chain Molecules ◽

Forming Mechanism ◽

Molecular Outflows ◽

Chemical Models ◽

Cloud Complex

Abstract Using the new equipment of the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope, we have searched for carbon-chain molecules (CCMs) towards five outflow sources and six Lupus I starless dust cores, including one region known to be characterized by warm carbon-chain chemistry (WCCC), Lupus I-1 (IRAS 15398-3359), and one TMC-1 like cloud, Lupus I-6 (Lupus-1A). Lines of HC3N J = 2 − 1, HC5N J = 6 − 5, HC7N J = 14 − 13, 15 − 14, 16 − 15, and C3S J = 3 − 2 were detected in all the targets except in the outflow source L1660 and the starless dust core Lupus I-3/4. The column densities of nitrogen-bearing species range from 1012 to 1014 cm−2 and those of C3S are about 1012 cm−2. Two outflow sources, I20582+7724 and L1221, could be identified as new carbon-chain-producing regions. Four of the Lupus I dust cores are newly identified as early quiescent and dark carbon-chain-producing regions similar to Lup I-6, which together with the WCCC source, Lup I-1, indicate that carbon-chain-producing regions are popular in Lupus I which can be regard as a Taurus-like molecular cloud complex in our Galaxy. The column densities of C3S are larger than those of HC7N in the three outflow sources I20582, L1221, and L1251A. Shocked carbon-chain chemistry is proposed to explain the abnormal high abundances of C3S compared with those of nitrogen-bearing CCMs. Gas-grain chemical models support the idea that shocks can fuel the environment of those sources with enough S+ thus driving the generation of S-bearing CCMs.

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Chemical composition and physical properties of modified dietary fibre sources

Food Hydrocolloids ◽

10.1016/s0268-005x(86)80007-8 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Eva Arrigoni ◽

Andrea Caprez ◽

Renato Amadò ◽

Hans Neukom

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Dietary Fibre

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THE BOLOCAM GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY. XIII. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND MASS FUNCTIONS OF DENSE MOLECULAR CLOUD STRUCTURES

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1088/0004-637x/805/2/157 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 805 (2) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Timothy P. Ellsworth-Bowers ◽

Jason Glenn ◽

Allyssa Riley ◽

Erik Rosolowsky ◽

Adam Ginsburg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Molecular Cloud ◽

Galactic Plane ◽

Dense Molecular Cloud ◽

Mass Functions

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The effect of chemical composition on microfibrillar cellulose films from wood pulps: water interactions and physical properties for packaging applications

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-010-9424-8 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 835-848 ◽

Cited By ~ 186

Author(s):

Kelley L. Spence ◽

Richard A. Venditti ◽

Orlando J. Rojas ◽

Youssef Habibi ◽

Joel J. Pawlak

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Cellulose Films ◽

Wood Pulps ◽

Microfibrillar Cellulose

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Physical Properties, Chemical Composition and Structure of Circulating Lipoproteins

The Lipoprotein Molecule ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-2781-3_7 ◽

1978 ◽

pp. 83-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ferenc J. Kézdy

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Composition And Structure

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Hybridization as a method of improving quality of pork

VETERINARY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND NATURE MANAGEMENT ◽

10.31890/vttp.2020.06.05 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

B. P. Kovalenko ◽

◽

O. B. Shevchenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Ph Value ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Large White ◽

Group Iii ◽

Large White Breed ◽

White Breed ◽

A Share

Studies were carried out on the main indicators of the chemical composition and physical properties of muskulus longissimus dorsi of pigs of different genotypes during hybridization. The indicators of the chemical composition and physical properties of muskulus longissimus dorsi were determined by conventional methods. The materials of experimental studies were processed using methods of variation statistics. According to the amount of moisture, no significant difference between the control and experimental groups was established. According to the amount of protein in meat, a tendency to a slight decrease, compared with the control group by 1.4 (group III) … 1.9 % (group II) was established. The use of boars of Poltava meat breed led to a decrease in intramuscular fat in descendants by 0.25 % compared with peers of a large white breed (P <0.95), and precocious meat - to a real increase of this indicator by 0.43 % at P> 0 , 95. A tendency towards an increase in the amount of tryptophan (by 0.04 ... 0.05) and oxyproline (by 0.004 ... 0.005) in the muscles of hybrid animals was revealed in comparison with peers of pure breed of large white breed. In terms of the biological usefulness of meat proteins, animals of group III were the best - in terms of the quality of the protein of the longest muscle of the back, their advantage over peers of group II was 0.07, and compared with purebred peers. Group I - 0.12 (p <0.95). It was found that with the same area of the meat spot both in purebred large white breeds of animals and hydrides of different genotypes, there is a tendency to increase the latter compared to the control in a humid place: with a «share» of «blood» ½ pm by 2.2 %, and with a «share» of blood ½ cm - 1.4 %. A tendency has been established to increase the pH value of the longest back muscle in animals with a «share» of blood of specialized meat breeds compared with a large white breed. In hybrid animals with a «share» of blood of Poltava meat and precocious meat breeds, there is a tendency to increase the pH value in comparison with the large white breed by 0.15 (2.8 %) and by 0.17 (3.1 %), i.e. the meat of hybrid pigs, the pH of which has a shift towards alkalinity due to less accumulation of lactic acid, has a worse preservation.

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