scholarly journals Pathological and clinical investigations of an outbreak of Blackleg disease due to C. chauvoei in cattle in Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (09) ◽  
pp. 786-793
Author(s):  
Riaz Hussain ◽  
M Tariq Javed ◽  
Iahtasham Khan ◽  
Abu Baker Siddique ◽  
Bilal Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rancid Odor ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Clostridium Chauvoei

Introduction: Clostridium chauvoei (C. chauvoei) is an anaerobic, histotoxic Gram-positive, bacterium causing fatal myonecrosis in livestock with high mortalities. The disease is common in dairy animals, but little is known about the pathophysiology of the disease in exotic (non-native) animals kept under local conditions in Pakistan. Methodology: Diagnosis of blackleg was made based on hematological and serum biochemical analysis, PCR, necropsy and histopathology. Results: Clinically sick animals exhibited fever, lameness, subcutaneous gaseous swelling and edema particularly in hindquarter and front legs. Hematological analysis showed increases in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and reduces in number of red blood cells, packed cell volume, leukocytes and differential leukocyte count. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphates, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, creatine kinase, and creatinine phosphokinase were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the infected animals. At necropsy, swelling areas contained straw-colored fluid with gas bubbles. The muscles were swollen, dark to black and exhibited crepitation sounds at the time of incisions with a rancid odor. Severe pulmonary edema, myocarditis along with petechial hemorrhages, as well as enlargement and congestion of liver and spleen have been observed. Microscopic examination revealed severe inflammatory reaction, edema, and disruption of the myofibrils. Examination of heart, spleen, liver, kidneys, intestine, and lungs showed congestion, severe inflammatory changes with neutrophilic infiltration and necrosis accompanied by dissociation of the normal tissue structure. PCR confirmed C. chauvoei in exudates and different samples of muscles. Conclusion: The pathophysiology should be considered in diagnosis of blackleg. The disease is exist in the non-native cattle farms and biosecurity measures have to be elevated.

Effect of dietary supplementation of Euglena viridis on growth performance and selected serum biochemical parameters in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotirmayee Pradhan ◽  
Swagatika Sahu ◽  
Kausalya K. Nayak ◽  
B. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Fingerlings of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) (25±2 g) were fed on Euglena viridis supplemented diets @ 0 (Control), 0.1 g kg-1, 0.5 g kg-1 and 1.0 g kg-1 for 90 days. At 30 days intervals, blood serum samples were assayed for glucose level and enzymatic parameters viz., serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Fish were challenged with a virulent strain of Aeromonas hydrophila after 90 days feeding period. Insignificant (p>0.05) differences in serum AST levels were noticed on the 30th and 60th day of feeding between the different dietary groups of fish. Serum enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) significantly (p<0.05) declined in fish fed on E. viridis incorporated diets. On the 10th day post-challenge with A. hydrophila, the highest percentage of survival (75%) was recorded in the dietary group fed with 0.5 g kg-1 E. viridis. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) and highest specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded in the group fed with 0.5 g kg-1 E. viridis incorporated diet. The results clearly indicated that dietary E. viridis promote growth rate and decreases susceptibility to A. hydrophila and did not negatively impact serum enzyme levels in L. rohita .

scholarly journals Effect of age and sex on the serum biochemical profile of Local dogs

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
R. K. Muhsen And S. A. Hasso
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Serum Biochemical Profile ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Biochemical values of sixty clinically healthy dogs of different ages and both sexes weredetermined for the normal activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanineaminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Urea, Creatinine, sodium, potassium,chloride, calcium, phosphorus and glucose. Comparison of the above values between males andfemales revealed that there was no statistical difference between both sexes in all biochemicalparameters. The young dogs had higher concentrations of Creatinine, ALP, and ALT while theadult dogs had higher concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and chloride. Differences in themean value of the remaining values among young and adults were not statistically significant.

Influence of dietary boron supplementation on some serum metabolites and egg-yolk cholesterol in laying hens

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Eren ◽  
F. Uyanik
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Dietary Boron ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

The influence of dietary boron (B) supplementation on some serum parameters and egg-yolk cholesterol was studied in laying hens. A total of 224 eighteen-week-old hens of the Hyline Brown 98 strain were assigned to 7 groups with 4 replicates of 8 hens each after 10 days of adaptation, and they were fed commercial diets supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg (diet) B (H 3 BO 3 ) for 8 weeks. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels were decreased with all B levels. Except in the group receiving 5 mg/kg B supplementation, decreases were found in serum triglycerides in all groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was decreased in the groups receiving 100 mg/kg or higher levels of B. All levels of B supplementation increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity at weeks 21 and 22, while 10 mg/kg or higher levels of B increased serum globulin, urea and egg-yolk cholesterol levels. The results demonstrate that B supplementation at levels exceeding 5 mg/kg affects serum biochemical parameters and increases egg-yolk cholesterol in laying hens.

Clinico-Pathological and Hemato-Biochemical Assessment of Field Originated Chicken Anemia Virus in Experimentally Challenged Broiler Chicken

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Maaz Nadeem ◽  
Muti Ur Rehman Khan ◽  
Asim Aslam ◽  
Ali Ahmad Sheikh ◽  
Arfan Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Chicken Anemia Virus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Serum Biochemical Profile ◽  
Anemia Virus

One hundred broiler chicks were divided into two groups A and B. The chicks in group A were control group and group B was challenged with field originated chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) at 7th day of age. The samples were collected on 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th day of post infection for hematological, biochemical, immunohistochemical and histopathological examination. The hematological analysis showed significantly (P Less than 0.05) low level of hemoglobin, decreased packed cell volume, leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia in infected group as compared to control group. In immunohistochemical assay, CIAV was detected in portal zone of liver, epicardium and myocardium, lymphoid follicles of bursa of Fabricius, thymic lobules and mainly white pulp of spleen. Histopathological changes were observed in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. Concerning the serum biochemical profile, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, increased concentration of liver enzymes, creatinine and urea were observed in infected birds. Our results showed that field originated stra in is pathogenic for broilers which induce significant changes in hematology, serum biochemical profile and histopathology of lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs.

Serum Thiamine Values in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients under Maintenance Hemodialysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamitsu Ubukata ◽  
Nobuyuki Amemiya ◽  
Kosaku Nitta ◽  
Takashi Takei
Keyword(s):  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Risk Index ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Abstract. Objective: Hemodialysis patients are prone to malnutrition because of diet or many uremic complications. The objective of this study is to determine whether thiamine deficiency is associated with regular dialysis patients. Methods: To determine whether thiamine deficiency is associated with regular dialysis patients, we measured thiamine in 100 patients undergoing consecutive dialysis. Results: Average thiamine levels were not low in both pre-hemodialysis (50.1 ± 75.9 ng/mL; normal range 24 - 66 ng/mL) and post-hemodialysis (56.4 ± 61.7 ng/mL). In 18 patients, post-hemodialysis levels of thiamine were lower than pre-hemodialysis levels. We divided the patients into two groups, the decrease (Δthiamine/pre thiamine < 0; - 0.13 ± 0.11) group (n = 18) and the increase (Δthiamine/pre thiamine> 0; 0.32 ± 0.21)) group (n = 82). However, there was no significance between the two groups in Kt/V or type of dialyzer. Patients were dichotomized according to median serum thiamine level in pre-hemodialysis into a high-thiamine group (≥ 35.5 ng/mL) and a low-thiamine group (< 35.4 ng/mL), and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. The low-thiamine value group (< 35.4 ng/ml; 26.8 ± 5.3 ng/ml) exhibited lower levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase than the high-thiamine value group (≥ 35.4 ng/ml; 73.5 ± 102.5 ng/ml) although there was no significance in nutritional marker, Alb, geriatric nutritional risk index , protein catabolic rate and creatinine generation rate. Conclusion: In our regular dialysis patients, excluding a few patients, we did not recognize thiamine deficiency and no significant difference in thiamine value between pre and post hemodialysis.

Clinical Investigations of Drug Effects in Women

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack H. Mendelson ◽  
◽  
Nancy K. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Drug Effects ◽  
Clinical Investigations

Basic Problems of Logic in Drug Investigations

1974 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
H. Röpke
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Applied Logic ◽  
Clinical Investigations

The basic problems of the theory of cognition when extrapolating the results of animal experiments to man and the limitations of inferences from clinical investigations of drugs are discussed from the point of view of applied logic.

Platelet Coagulant Activities and Retinal Vein Thrombosis

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 0399-0406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Walsh ◽  
Richard E. Goldberg ◽  
Richard L. Tax ◽  
Larry E. Magargal
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Trigger Mechanism ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Occlusion

SummaryTo determine whether platelets play a role in the pathogenesis of retinal vein occlusion (RVO), platelets and coagulation were evaluated in 28 patients with RVO. Platelet coagulant activities concerned with the initiation and early stages of intrinsic coagulation were 2–4 fold increased in 9 patients with acute primary RVO but not in patients with acute secondary (10 patients) or chronic (9 patients) RVO. Platelet factor 3 activity, platelet aggregation, serotonin release by platelets and plasma coagulation were normal in all patients. Platelets may provide a trigger mechanism for venous thrombosis in the eye when local conditions permit.

Serum biochemical parameters in piglets after the application of essential oils

Planta Medica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Poracova ◽  
I Salamon ◽  
B Taylorova ◽  
M Zahatnanska ◽  
I Sutiakova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Biochemical
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