scholarly journals Case Study of Spatial Pattern Description, Identification and Application Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-670
Author(s):  
Indraja Germanaitė ◽  
Kętutis Zaleckis ◽  
Rimantas Butleris ◽  
Kristina Jarmalavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Spatial Measures ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Pattern Description ◽  
Spatial Network Analysis ◽  
Compactness Index

In this case study the authors created and tested a configurable and expandable spatial patterns (SP) description, identification, and application methodology (SPDIAM) and an SP identification algorithm. SPDIAM allows urban planning and design (UPD) practitioners to describe SP in a computerized manner, identify SP automatically and then apply them in the UPD domain. SPDIAM is based on the space syntax (SS) method and normalized spatial and non-spatial measures and can be used with the statistical social, economic, and environmental indicators, which are related to the urban sustainability and spatial capital. The goal of the case study experiment was to proof a concept of SPDIAM and to identify the rules and the values of the measures used for the SP identification. For this City Layout SP was identified in the vector data of 12 European, North American, and African cities. The experiment results confirmed that SPDIAM is appropriate to describe SP and identify them automatically. The use of the normalized measures enables the comparison of different SP and reduces the degree of the subjectivity of the UPD solutions. SPDIAM no longer relies on statistical information but forms SP based on the probabilistic complex modelling of a city, which lets SPDIAM indicate possible directions of SP future transformation. SPDIAM uses the newly offered measures CENTER and URBAN COMPACTNESS INDEX to identify SP automatically and can add quantitative and qualitative improvement to the spatial network analysis tools in Geographic Information Systems.

scholarly journals Measuring of Subjective and Objective Aesthetics in Planning and Urban Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1568
Author(s):  
Nadia A. Al-Salam ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Jaberi ◽  
Ahmed S. Al-Khafaji
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Form Versus ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Subjective Aspect

The article includes the concept of aesthetics through what has been dealt with in the literature by philosophers and researchers who have addressed this concept in an attempt to derive indicators of aesthetics. The article adopted a descriptive and analytical methodology by reviewing recent literature on the concept of aesthetics and its relation to urban planning and design issues. Many subjective and objective aesthetics indicators have been identified, some of which are classified under real aesthetics, and some under fake aesthetics. The indicators were applied to the Kufa Mosque complex and Sahla Mosque complex as a comparative case study. It was found that the indicators of real aesthetics have a higher weight in determining the final aesthetic judgment on the complex form versus the fake indicators, which in turn reinforced the weighting of the subjective aspect over the objective. This was consistent with the answer to the question directed to the sample about which complexes are more aesthetic. The answer was that the Kufa Mosque complex is most aesthetically. This was proven by the questions directed in the questionnaire, which outweighed the real aesthetic indicators for the Kufa Mosque complex. As for the results of analyzing the indicators of fake aesthetic were equal, as each complex achieved higher values in three indicators. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091743 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Historical Places and Identity of the Cities: Khuzam Palace Museum, Jeddah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Marwa Abouhassan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
City Wall ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
The Past ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Physical Elements

Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about identity and place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture, and environmental psychology. Place identity has become a significant issue in the last 25 years in urban planning and design. Place identity concerns the meaning and significance of places for their inhabitants and users, and how these meanings contribute to individuals' conceptualizations of self. Place identity also relates to the context of mogdernity, history, and the politics of representation (Proshansky et al., 1995).Jeddah went through dramatic changes in the last 70 years after demolishing the old city wall and oil booming, which affected the identity, traditions, and lifestyle (Shiber, 1967). In order to eliminate the lack of city identity and change the people's attachment to Jeddah's new urban development, this paper will take Khuzam Palace Museum as a case study to express the relationship between the past and present in the city. The paper will have an analytical review of urban memory, place identity, and place attachment elements. At the end, the paper will set some recommendations to consider using and respecting the community memories from the past that related physical elements and social interaction that have to express into new forms of place-making in the future development to increase the identity and the sense of belonging in Jeddah city.

scholarly journals Assessing Quality of City Development by the Acquired Criteria of Landscape Urbanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Gintaras Stauskis ◽  
Vaiva Deveikienė
Keyword(s):  
Design Patterns ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
City Development ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Landscape Urbanism ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

Abstract We may see modern urbanism as a collection of many successful developments as well as a series of endless mistakes and repeated failures. The paper focuses on the analysis of existing and former urban planning and design patterns in aspect of efficiency of applied methods to achieve higher quality referring to the philosophy and practice of Landscape Urbanism. The Missionaries Block in Vilnius City serves as a case study for assessing its development in three distinguishable periods by the set of quality criteria derived from Landscape Urbanism theories and practices. The assessment results disclose an evident drop in the overall quality of the selected site’s development in the recent period. The paper discusses if and how one may use the method employed hereby for programming and shaping the future regeneration and redevelopment of existing urban setting.

scholarly journals Teaching method: ‘Integrative urban design game’ for soft urban regeneration

Spatium ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Mrdjenovic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

Urban regeneration is challenged by contradictory process of globalization. This double-sided process can enrich local communities or leave them at margins of global society. Regarding globalization, most authorities claim that urban planning and design are in paradigm crisis. The crisis is an announcement for paradigm shift that is in contemporary theoretical and conceptual frameworks. They give hope for the ?light at the end of the tunnel?. Their common groundings are: ?soft and hard infrastructure?; ?agencies and structures?; ?power to?; ?new rationality?, ?common sense?; ?communicative action?; and ?integrative development?. The purpose of the research is to discuss possibilities of teaching method ?Integrative urban design game? for soft urban regeneration, elaborating it with respect to the crisis in specific context of building bridges among academia and local communities regarding various teaching approaches. The method was innovated at the Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade and tested in Bac community. The hypothesis is that the method provides soft infrastructure for urban regeneration in local communities. The research will result in a form of principles the game should be grounded on, using participative mimicry model of present and future place for overcoming paradigm crisis. Methodological approach is based on theoretical comparison, case study, and questionnaires among stakeholders.

Introducing a Comprehensive Geological and Geotechnical Classification for Urban Planning and Design, A Case Study in Isfahan (Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 6809-6826
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Mohammadi ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Fatemi Aghda ◽  
Mehdi Talkhablou ◽  
Akbar Cheshomi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

scholarly journals Integrating Different Data Sources to Address Urban Security in Informal Areas. The Case Study of Kibera, Nairobi

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca De Filippi ◽  
Grazia Giulia Cocina ◽  
Chiara Martinuzzi
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Security ◽  
Architecture And Design

Nowadays, levels of crime and violence appear to be much higher in large cities in developing countries. This is the result of several factors, such as: the speed of urbanization, the inability of cities to provide sufficient infrastructure and the widening disparities in income and access to housing and services. These levels of inequality can have negative consequences from a social, economic and political point of view, with a destabilizing impact on societies and higher risks for the most disadvantaged people, especially those living in informal settlements. The paper presents the results of a study carried out by the Authors at the Department of Architecture and Design of the Polytechnic of Turin. Urban security is investigated in the context of Kibera slum (Nairobi) through the integration of two different tools, namely Participatory Mapping and Space Syntax. The research analyses the relation between criminal activities and the spatial and configurational features of the street network, with the aim to highlight some key environmental factors to take into consideration while constructing the new road Missing link #12. Specifically, the research identifies and studies seven parameters from the literature review: integration, illumination, vitality and diversity, visibility, active facades, territoriality and maintenance and image. The findings show that urban planning and design strongly impact crime occurrence. The crime hot-spots’ distribution in Kibera depends on the simultaneous interrelation of multiple components in the space.

scholarly journals Urban Design and the Role of Placemaking in Mainstreaming Nature-Based Solutions. Learning From the Bibliotheca Degli Alberi Case Study in Milan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Boros ◽  
Israa Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

Nature-based solutions' (NBS) relevance for tackling environmental challenges has been on the frontiers of urban regeneration mechanisms since the beginning of the 2010s. There is an increasing interest in applying NBS in urban planning and design to build support and engagement for sustainable urban development. However, NBS's operational use as deliberate design interventions is not widely reflected in the scientific discourse, more evidence is needed on how functional and viable aspects of urban nature can be conceptualized in urban design. This calls to explore the ways urban design can advance their understanding as part of place-specific, designed urban spaces. Through an ex-post analysis, the authors examined the design and implementation process of an exemplary NBS project, the Biblioteca degli Alberi park in Milan, part of one of the largest, recent urban regeneration projects in Europe. In a synthetic analysis, design drivers, enablers, and deficiencies are discussed, which affect the park's performance both from human-centered and nature-based perspectives. The park's case demonstrates design actions and considerations affecting all stages of the life-cycle of an NBS, from the creative design phase to the development, use, and management phases, and how urban design can create conditions for amplifying the multifunctional potential of urban ecosystems. The results highlight the importance of integrating an urban ecology perspective in the entirety of the design process when implementing NBS, consequently for a successful re-scoping of urban design and planning practices to infuse human-centeredness with “nature-basedness.”

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