scholarly journals Ochraceocephala foeniculi gen. et sp. nov., a new pathogen causing crown rot of fennel in Italy

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Dalia Aiello ◽  
Alessandro Vitale ◽  
Giancarlo Polizzi ◽  
Hermann Voglmayr
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

A new disease of fennel is described from Sicily (southern Italy). Surveys of the disease and sampling were conducted during spring 2017 and 2018 in Adrano and Bronte municipalities (Catania province) where this crop is widely cultivated. Isolations from the margin of symptomatic tissues resulted in fungal colonies with the same morphology. Pathogenicity tests with one isolate of the fungus on 6-month-old plants of fennel reproduced similar symptoms to those observed in nature. Inoculation experiments to assess the susceptibility of six different fennel cultivars to infection by the pathogen showed that the cultivars ‘Narciso’, ‘Apollo’, and ‘Pompeo’ were more susceptible than ‘Aurelio’, ‘Archimede’, and ‘Pegaso’. Phylogenetic analyses based on a matrix of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit (LSU), and the small subunit (SSU) rDNA regions revealed that the isolates represent a new genus and species within the Leptosphaeriaceae, which is here described as Ochraceocephala foeniculi gen. et sp. nov. This study improves the understanding of this new fennel disease, but further studies are needed for planning effective disease management strategies. According to the results of the phylogenetic analyses, Subplenodomus iridicola is transferred to the genus Alloleptosphaeria and Acicuseptoria rumicis to Paraleptosphaeria.

scholarly journals Redescription, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. comb., With Establishment of a New Genus Pseudosincirra nov. gen. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Qiuyue Tang ◽  
Jingbao Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Original Population ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The morphology and morphogenesis of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. gen. and nov. comb., isolated from southern China, were investigated with living observation and protargol staining. Our population is similar to the original population in living characteristics and ciliary patterns. The main determinable morphogenetic features of P. longicirrata nov. comb. are the presence of five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (FVT-anlagen) and a dorsomarginal kinety anlage. According to the origin of FVT-anlagen IV and V in proter, it can be determined that P. longicirrata nov. comb. possesses two frontoventral rows and one right marginal row. Hence, a new genus, Pseudosincirra nov. gen., is proposed, and the diagnosis of P. longicirrata nov. comb. is improved. The new genus is diagnosed as follows: adoral zone of membranelles and undulating membranes is in a Gonostomum pattern; there are three enlarged frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, and one parabuccal cirrus; postperistomial cirrus and transverse cirri are lacking; there are two more or less long frontoventral rows and one right and two or more left marginal rows; cirri within all rows very widely spaced; dorsal kinety pattern is of Urosomoida type, that is, three dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; and caudal cirri are present. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal (SSU rDNA) sequence data indicate that P. longicirrata nov. comb. clusters with Deviata and Perisincirra. It is considered that Pseudosincirra nov. gen. and Perisincirra paucicirrata should be assigned to the family Deviatidae; fine cirri, and cirri within all rows being relatively widely spaced, should be considered as plesiomorphies of Deviatidae; and Deviatidae is closely related to Dorsomarginalia or Strongylidium–Hemiamphisiella–Pseudouroleptus.

Litylenchus coprosma gen. n., sp. n. (Tylenchida: Anguinata), from leaves of Coprosma repens (Rubiaceae) in New Zealand

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie Davies ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Brett Alexander ◽  
Ian Riley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Pore Opening ◽  
Terminal Bulb ◽  
Stylet Length ◽  
Tail Tip

AbstractA new genus and species of anguinid nematode, Litylenchus coprosma gen. n., sp. n., was recovered from leaves of Coprosma repens A. Rich. from an amenity planting in Wellington, New Zealand. The genus is characterised by having slender males and slender or semi-obese females, pharynx with a weak non-muscular median bulb, a terminal bulb containing the pharyngeal glands, female with a single gonad having a quadricolumella and post-uterine sac; male with arcuate spicules and the bursa arising 1-2 anal body diam. anterior to the cloacal aperture and extending nearly to the tail tip, and does not induce galls, only foliar chlorosis. The species is characterised by having a short, robust stylet with conus forming ca 40% of stylet length and three well developed rounded knobs, secretory/excretory pore opening posterior to the nerve ring, terminal bulb abutting the intestine, and tail tip of variable form. Molecular phylogeny of near full length small subunit, D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit and internal transcribed spacer rRNA genes support the description of L. coprosma gen. n., sp. n. as a new genus and species.

scholarly journals Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Four Trachelocercid Ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Karyorelictea) Found in Marine Coastal Habitats of Northern China, With Description of a New Genus, Two New Species and a New Combination

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhen Ma ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Honggang Ma ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Ciliary Tuft

The morphology of four trachelocercid ciliates, Foissnerella typica gen. nov., spec. nov., Trachelolophos monocaryon (Dragesco, 1965) comb. nov. (original combination: Tracheloraphis monocaryonDragesco, 1965), Tracheloraphis katzae spec. nov., and Tracheloraphis colubis (Kahl, 1933) Xu et al., 2011 were studied in live and protargol-stained specimens. All samples were isolated from the intertidal zone of sandy beaches at Qingdao, China. The new genus Foissnerella can be distinguished from other trachelocercid genera mainly by the three circumoral kineties each composed of a row of dikinetids and the absence of a brosse or ciliary tuft in the oral cavity. The detailed investigation on the poorly described Tracheloraphis monocaryon (Dragesco, 1965) reveals that its oral infraciliature includes one uninterrupted circumoral kinety and a conspicuous ciliary tuft in the center of the oral cavity, which is consistent with the genus Trachelolophos rather than Tracheloraphis. Therefore, this species is transferred to Trachelolophos as Trachelolophos monocaryon (Dragesco, 1965) comb. nov. Tracheloraphis katzae spec. nov. can be recognized by the combination of its minute brownish cortical granules and 9–15 somatic kineties. The small subunit (SSU) rDNA of each species was sequenced for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU rDNA show that Foissnerella typica gen. nov., spec. nov. clusters with Apotrachelocerca arenicola (Kahl, 1933) Xu et al., 2011 in a group that is sister to all other trachelocercids.

Lollipopaia minuta from Thailand, a new genus and species of the Diaporthales (Ascomycetes, Fungi) based on morphological and molecular data

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Inderbitzin ◽  
Mary L Berbee
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Tropical Mycology ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

In this paper, we describe the new genus and species Lollipopaia minuta from a tropical rain forest in Thailand. The ascomata were long beaked and seated on a pseudoparenchymatous stroma that was erumpent through the bark of a decaying branch. Mature ascomata were readily formed under laboratory conditions. Lollipopaia minuta had ascomatal walls forming a textura intricata in surface view and deliquescent paraphyses. The asci floated freely at maturity and had a nonstaining apical ring. These characters are found in the Diaporthales. However, the habit of the stroma combined with the filiform ascospores distinguished L. minuta from all known genera of the Diaporthales. Thus, a close relationship to taxa outside the Diaporthales was considered. Lollipopaia minuta was similar to Ophioceras or Pseudohalonectria in shape of the ascomata, asci, and ascospores. However, phylogenetic analyses based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences confirmed the placement of L. minuta within the Diaporthales with 100% bootstrap support. A closest relative within the Diaporthales was not determined.Key words: Magnaporthaceae, microfungi, taxonomy, tropical mycology.

Molecular phylogeny of rhynchonellide articulate brachiopods (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonellida)

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard L. Cohen ◽  
Maria Aleksandra Bitner
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Relaxed Clock

We present here the first report based on phylogenetic analyses of small subunit (SSU/18S) and large subunit (LSU/28S) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences from a wider-than-token sample of rhynchonellide articulate brachiopods, with data from 11 of ∼20 extant genera (12 species) belonging to all four extant superfamilies. Data exploration by network and saturation analyses shows that the molecular sequence data are free from major aberrations and are suitable for phylogenetic reconstruction despite the presence of large deletions in four SSU rDNA sequences. Although molecular sequence analyses cannot directly illuminate the systematics of fossils, the independent, genealogical evidence and phylogenetic inferences about extant forms that they make possible are highly relevant to paleontological systematics because they highlight the limitations of evolutionary inference from morphology. Parsimony, distance, maximum likelihood (no clock) and Bayesian (relaxed-clock) analyses all find a tree topology that disagrees strongly with the existing superfamily classification. All tested phylogenetic reconstructions agree that the taxa analyzed fall into three clades designated A1, A2, and B that reflect two major divergence events. The relaxed-clock analysis indicates that clades A and B diverged in the Paleozoic, while clades A1 and A2 reflect Permo-Triassic (and later) events. Morphological homoplasy and possible gene co-option are suggested as the main sources for the discord between the morpho-classification, the results of cladistic analyses of morphology, and the relationships reconstructed from molecular sequences. The origin, function and evolutionary implications of the deletion-bearing rhynchonellide SSU rDNA sequences are briefly discussed in relation to pseudogenes and concerted evolution in the rDNA genomic region.

scholarly journals A novel protist parasite, Salmoxcellia vastator n. gen., n. sp. (Xcelliidae, Perkinsozoa), infecting farmed salmonids in Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Egil Karlsbakk ◽  
Cecilie Flatnes Nystøyl ◽  
Heidrun Plarre ◽  
Are Nylund
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
X Cells

Abstract Background In Norway, x-cell parasites associated with disease in farmed salmonids have been known as a rare phenomenon for two decades. These parasites cause systemic infections in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), but have so far not been characterized and described. Methods The x-cells from several cases of diseased fish were studied using light and electron microscopy, and by phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences. Results We describe here the x-cell parasite as a new species in a new genus, Salmoxcellia vastator n. gen., n. sp. Phylogenetic analyses placed Salmoxcellia n. gen. together with Gadixcellia among the xcelliids, a group of perkinsozoan alveolates. The new genus and species were found to have vacuolate plasmodial x-cells filled with lipid droplets, and an electron-dense alveolar pellicle. Electron-dense cytoplasmic inclusions, which are characteristic of the other xcelliid genera Xcellia and Gadixcellia, are lacking in Salmoxcellia n. gen. These x-cell plasmodia divide by plasmotomy and occur as aggregates in the host tissues, particularly in blood-rich tissues such as those of the kidney, red musculature, heart and liver. Host reaction and the refractive lipid droplets in the x-cells result in S. vastator n. gen., n. sp. aggregates appearing as white patches in the tissues. Conclusions We describe a new genus and species of xcelliid protist parasites from two very important farmed fish species and provide molecular methods for detection. The new parasite is associated with disease, but more importantly it has a spoiling effect on farmed salmonid fillets, rendering them unsuitable for sale. Consequently, this parasite represents a threat to the aquaculture industry. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals New taxa in Glomeromycota: Polonosporaceae fam. nov., Polonospora gen. nov., and P. polonica comb. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-951
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Piotr Niezgoda ◽  
Edward Meller ◽  
Paweł Milczarski ◽  
Szymon Zubek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
New Family

AbstractPhylogenetic analyses of sequences of the nuc rDNA small subunit (18S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), and large subunit (28S) region (= 18S-ITS-28S), as well as sequences of this region concatenated with sequences of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) gene, proved that the species originally described as Acaulospora polonica (phylum Glomeromycota) represents a new genus and a new family of the ancient order Archaeosporales, here introduced into the Glomeromycota under the names Polonospora and Polonosporaceae, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses and BLASTn queries also indicated that the Polonosporaceae with P. polonica comb. nov. still contains several morphologically undescribed taxa at the ranks of genus and species, which have a worldwide distribution.

Srinivasania Sundarbanensis gen. et sp. nov., a New Agglutinated Benthic Foraminifer from the World's Largest Mangrove Ecoregion, the Sundarbans, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Tushar Kaushik ◽  
Anupam Ghosh ◽  
Thirumalai M ◽  
Ishita Das
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
The Sundarbans

ABSTRACT We describe Srinivasania sundarbanensis n. gen. et sp. nov., a multichambered textulariid foraminifer from the world's largest mangrove ecosystem, the Sundarbans, India. The new genus has an agglutinated wall structure, planispirally coiled test, and a single high-arched equatorial aperture located at the base of the final chamber with a narrow, agglutinated lip and with morphological similarity to the genera GobbettiaDhillon, 1968, and HaplophragmoidesCushman, 1910. Phylogenetic analyses, using partial small subunit rRNA gene, partial large subunit rRNA gene, and concatenated (LSU+SSU) sequence data clearly show the placement of this new taxon among other textulariid foraminifers, distant from all other genera in a strongly supported clade. In the new genus and species, the test is discoidal, measuring 100 to 350 µm in diameter with six to seven chambers in the final whorl. Elemental characterization (SEM-EDS) of the agglutinated test wall reveals a preference for quartz grains (SiO2) to construct its test. It is a common species and is presently known only from the northern marsh environments of Indian Sundarbans.

Zeatylenchus pittosporum gen. n., sp. n. (Tylenchida: Anguinata), from leaves of Pittosporum tenuifolium (Pittosporaceae) in New Zealand

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-212
Author(s):  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Brett J.R. Alexander ◽  
Ian T. Riley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Pore Opening ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Stylet Length ◽  
Tail Tip

A new genus and species of anguinid nematode, Zeatylenchus pittosporum gen. n., sp. n., was recovered from leaves of Pittosporum tenuifolium from Hahei, Coromandel Region, North Island, New Zealand. The genus is characterised by having slender males and females, excretory pore opening near the lips and level with the knobs of the retracted stylet, pharynx with a weak non-muscular median bulb, pharyngeal glands overlapping the intestine, females with a single gonad with a quadricolumella and post-uterine sac; and males with slender arcuate spicules and the bursa arising <1 anal body diam. anterior to the cloacal aperture and extending ca 30% of distance to the tail tip. Its feeding does not induce galls, only foliar chlorosis. The species has particular characters, including a short, robust stylet with conus forming ca 40% of stylet length and small rounded compact knobs, and tail offset dorsally with a pointed tip. Molecular phylogeny of near full length small subunit, D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit and internal transcribed spacer rRNA genes support the description of Zeatylenchus pittosporum gen. n., sp. n. as a new genus and species.

scholarly journals Reconsideration of the ‘well-known’ hypotrichous ciliate Pleurotricha curdsi (Shi et al., 2002) Gupta et al., 2003 (Ciliophora, Sporadotrichida), with notes on its morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3216-3225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoteng Lu ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Yuhe Yu ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
Jie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The oxytrichid species Pleurotricha curdsi (Shi et al., 2002) Gupta et al., 2003, isolated from a tributary of the Yangtze River in the Mudong district of Chongqing, southern China, was reinvestigated with emphasis on its morphology, morphogenesis and small-subunit (SSU) rDNA-based phylogeny. Compared with three previously described populations, the Mudong population of P. curdsi is characterized by its large body size, 170–295 × 65–110 μm in vivo, and by having a variable number of right marginal rows, either two or three. Likewise, the number of right marginal rows anlagen (RMA) is also variable, i.e. usually two, but sometimes several small extra anlagen that give rise to the formation of the third row, are present to the left of the RMAs. We posit that the Mudong population is an intermediate form between the three previously described populations. Phylogenetic analyses based on the SSU rDNA sequence data show that all populations of P. curdsi cluster with the type species of the genus, Pleurotricha lanceolata, in a clade nested within the Oxytrichidae.

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