scholarly journals Bat diversity in three roosts in the Coast region of Oaxaca, México

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Itandehui Hernández-Aguilar ◽  
Antonio Santos-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Trophic Guilds ◽  
Trophic Guild ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Bat Diversity ◽  
Coast Region

In this paper, we analyze the richness, abundance, diversity and trophic guilds in a mine (La Mina) and two caves (El Apanguito and Cerro Huatulco) in the municipalities of Pluma Hidalgo and Santa María Huatulco, in the state of Oaxaca, México, a state with high species richness of bats nationwide. Fieldwork was conducted from July 2016 to June 2017. Using a harp trap, we captured 5,836 bats belonging to 14 species, 10 genera and five families. The greatest species richness was found in Cerro Huatulco (12 species), followed by La Mina (nine species) and El Apanguito (four species). Overall, the most abundant species were Pteronotus fulvus (40.59% of captures) and Pteronotus mesoamericanus (32.01%). Half of the species captured corresponded to the insectivore trophic guild. Results show that the three roosts, but particularly Cerro Huatulco and El Apanguito, maintain high species richness and abundances of individuals due to processes that favor colonies of thousands of individuals. We therefore argue that they represent priority roosts for the conservation of bats in the State of Oaxaca.

scholarly journals Drosophilidae (Insecta, Diptera) in the state of Pará (Brazil)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosângela Santa-Brígida ◽  
Hermes José Schmitz ◽  
Marlúcia Bonifácio Martins
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Native Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
The Third ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Scientific Collections

Abstract This list contains information on the Drosophilidae that occur in the Brazilian state of Pará, Amazon biome, and an analysis of the current knowledge of Drosophilidae based on museum material and literature records. This list includes a detailed account of the material deposited in the entomological collections of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi and Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, up to 2015. In total, 122 species of Drosophilidae were registered, including 27 new records for the state of Pará and 22 are new records for the Amazon; for instance, the genera Diathoneura and Rhinoleucophenga, and three new records for Brazil, (Drosophila fasciola, Diathoneura flavolineata and Drosophila neochracea). The state of Pará is the third state in Brazil in terms of numbers of species of Drosophilidae, with 17% locally native species. Despite the high species richness, there is still a lot to be known about the states's Drosophilidae fauna. This study highlights the importance of scientific collections, particularly as an aid to study regional biodiversity.

scholarly journals The social wasp community (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in an area of Atlantic Forest, Ubatuba, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Coutinho Togni ◽  
Gabriela De Almeida Locher ◽  
Edilberto Giannotti ◽  
Orlando Tobias Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Social Wasp ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Very High

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is of great relevance to biological conservation, and is among the areas in South America with the highest levels of diversity and endemism. The aim of this study was to survey the social wasp species in the subfamily Polistinae in Ubatuba, São Paulo state, in southwestern Brazil. Collecting work was conducted from May 2007 to May 2008 using attractive PET bottle traps and active searching. Twenty-one species belonging to eight genera were found, among which some may be considered rare in southeastern Brazil such as Mischocyttarus parallelogrammus and Polybia catillifex. The most abundant species were Agelaia angulata (64.31%), Agelaia nr. centralis (10.08%) and Angiopolybia pallens (8.49%). A correlation between species richness and relative humidity (r = 0.6435; p = 0.0176) was observed. Values of species richness were a little higher in the super humid (Sm = 11) than in the less humid (Sm = 9) season. This suggests that this season may have more favorable environmental conditions for a greater richness of species to found colonies. Despite not having a very high species richness compared with other surveys, the collected species in this study can be considered rare in southeastern Brazil, emphasizing the complexity of the Atlantic Forest biome and its relation to the diversity of wasps.

scholarly journals The amphibians of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: an updated and commented list

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Arnt Dorigo ◽  
Davor Vrcibradic ◽  
Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
New Records ◽  
The State ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Forest Biome

The amphibian fauna of the state of Rio de Janeiro, in southeatern Brazil, is characterized by high species richness and rates of endemism, and is still insufficiently known. A first list of amphibian species with occurrence in the state was published in 2004 and reported 166 taxa, but since then many new records, descriptions of new taxa, and revalidations and synonymizations of species have consistently improved the knowledge about the state’s amphibian biodiversity. Thus, a review and update of that list was deemed necessary. We herein present an updated and commented list of amphibian species occurring in the state of Rio de Janeiro based on a survey of the literature. We recorded the occurrence of a total of 201 species of amphibians (197 anurans and four caecilians) in Rio de Janeiro, with 54 of them (ca. 27%) considered to be endemic of the state. Our study presents an increase in species richness of 21% since the publication of the previous list, indicating a consistent advance in knowledge of the composition of the amphibian fauna in the state. In spite of its relatively small territorial extension (total area ca. 43,800 km²), the state of Rio de Janeiro contains nearly 20% of the amphibian species known to occur in Brazil and around 40% of those occurring in the Atlantic Forest biome. Thus, that state constitutes an important reservoir of amphibian biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest biome and in Brazil, as a whole.

scholarly journals Medium and large-sized mammals in a Cerrado area of the state of Goiás, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieferson Da Costa Estrela ◽  
Daniele Cipriano de Souza ◽  
Joyce Moreira de Souza ◽  
André Luis da Silva Castro
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Level ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Accumulation Curves

Brazilian mammal fauna is considered to be the richest of the Neotropical region. However, in several regions of the country, there are gaps in the knowledge of its mammal fauna. Thus, we conducted a survey of the medium and large-sized mammal species in the fragmented Cerrado region in the southeast area of the state of Goiás. Nonlinear transects were conducted in 28 sessions over 13 months using direct observation methods, indirect observation methods (scratches, footprints, feces and lairs) and camera trapping. Twenty-five species belonging to eight orders were recorded. The species richness estimated by the Jackknife 1 method was 24.89 (±1.61) species in the transects and 16.88 (±1.29) species in camera trap, with stabilization of the species accumulation curves. Among the recorded species, 5 were endangered at the national level, and three were globally endangered. The high species richness found in the area in addition to the presence of endangered species highlights the need for conservation measures for the study site.

scholarly journals Rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of a large pristine peat bog in Belarus Lake District

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Gennadi G. SUSHKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Rove Beetles ◽  
Moss Layer ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
North Western

Species composition and diversity of the rove beetles were studied in main habitats of a large pristine peat bog in Belarus Lake District (North-Western Belarus). Very specific staphylinid assemblages were found. They were characterized by not high species richness and diversity. In these uneven assemblages, a very small number of species: Drusilla canaliculata (Fabricius, 1787), Philonthus cognatus Stephens, 1832, Staphylinus erythropterus Linnaeus, 1758, Ischnosoma splendidus (Gravenhorst, 1806) dominated, while the majority of recorded species were rare. Unlike other inhabitants of the moss layer among the highly abundant species of rove beetles, peat bog specialists were not found. The highest diversity and evenness had the rove beetles assemblages in open spaces. On the other hand, the differences in these assemblages were not high.

scholarly journals Diversity of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in Cerrado biome of the southern of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus H. Simões ◽  
Mariana D. Cuozzo ◽  
Fernando A. Frieiro-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Social Wasps ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Made In

An inventory of social wasps in Cerrado biome of the southern of the state of Minas Gerais was performed. A comparison between field and Riparian Forest areas was made in relation to species richness; correlations between diversity, sample methods and environmental factors were conducted. A total of 32 species was registered and Polybia fastidiosuscula de Saussure, 1854 was the most abundant species. The higher richness was in the Cerrado Field, as well as the highest diversity index. The temperature and rainfall had significant correlation with species richness and a significant variation in richness between dry and wet seasons was observed. Polybia fastidiosuscula was more abundant in the Riparian Forest during the dry season and in the Cerrado Field during wet season. The study area showed a great diversity of social wasps, with record both widely distributed species such as rare species, which indicates the quality and potential area for future studies.

scholarly journals Riqueza de especies y abundancia de mamíferos en el Centro de Rescate y Refugio de Vida Silvestre Valle Alto, provincia de Manabí (Ecuador)

2019 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ramón Horacio Zambrano ◽  
Victor Alfonso Centeno ◽  
Carlos Solórzano ◽  
Sofía Crespo Gascón ◽  
José Guerrero Casado
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Wildlife Refuge ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Coast Region

Species richness and abundance of mammals in the Valle Alto Wildlife Rescue Centre and Wildlife Refuge, province of Manabí (Ecuador) Resumen Las poblaciones de mamíferos de la Región Costa de Ecuador han sido principalmente estudiadas dentro de las áreas protegidas, y son escasos los estudios realizados fuera de sus límites. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la riqueza de mamíferos en el Centro de Rescate y Refugio de Vida Silvestre Valle Alto en la provincia de Manabí mediante el uso de cámaras de foto-trampeo (168 noches/trampa en dos años) y transectos a pie para observaciones directas de los animales arborícolas. Las cámaras registraron 14 especies, y otras 4 especies fueron avistadas directamente. De estas 18 especies, 5 se encuentran amenazadas de extinción en Ecuador (a nivel nacional) según criterios de la UICN, y 4 casi amenazadas. Además, algunas de las especies registradas, como el yaguarundí (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), el perro de Sechura (Lycalopex sechurae), el margay (Leopardus wiedii) o el perezoso de dos dedos (Choloepus hoffmanni) cuentan con pocos registros en la región Costa. Las especies más abundantes fueron el armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), el guatuso (Dasyprocta punctata) y el ocelote (Leopardus pardalis). Estos datos sugieren que los bosques fuera de las áreas protegidas pueden albergar una importante comunidad de mamíferos incluyendo especies catalogadas como amenazadas, y su preservación es necesaria para asegurar la conservación de la fauna silvestre a nivel nacional. Palabras clave: cámaras trampas; mamíferos terrestres; diversidad de especies; fauna silvestre. Abstract The mammals populations of the Coast Region of Ecuador have been mainly studied inside of protected areas, and very few studies have been conducted out of their limits. This work shows the mammals species richness in the Valle Alto Wildlife Rescue Centre and Wildlife Refuge located in the Manabí province using camera traps (168 nights/traps in two years) and walking transects to detect arboreal mammals by direct observations. The camera traps recorded 14 species, and others 4 species were directly observed. Of this 14 species, 5 are classified as threatened to extinction in Ecuador (at national scale) according to the IUCN criteria, and 4 of them are listed as near threatened. Moreover, some of the recorded species, such as the Sechuran fox (Lycalopex sechurae), the jaguarondi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), the margay (Leopardus wiedii) or the brown-throated Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni), have few records in the Coast Region of Ecuador. The most abundant species were the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), the agouti (Dasyprocta punctata) and the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). These results suggest that forests not included in the protected areas can harbour an important community of mammals including threatened species, and therefore its preservation is also necessary in order to conserve the wildlife species at a national scale. Keywords: camera traps; terrestrial mammals; species diversity, wildlife.

Patterns Of Biodiversity In The Macro-Invertebrate Fauna Associated With Mussel Patches On Rocky Shores

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Seed
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Marine Mussels ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Global Patterns ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Marine mussels are widely distributed and have been used extensively as environmental biomonitors. Communities associated with mussel patches have a high species richness but are typically dominated by a few very abundant species. These communities exhibit significant temporal and small-scale spatial variations in abundance and diversity which should be recognized when considering global patterns of marine biodiversity. Many of the species associated with tropical mussel beds are also represented by taxonomically and functionally equivalent species in mussel communities from temperate waters. The phenomenon of ‘parallel communities’ on rocky shores is thus apparently replicated on a finer spatial scale within mussel patches.

scholarly journals Amphibians and reptiles of Parque Nacional da Serra das Lontras: an important center of endemism within the Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 159-185
Author(s):  
Omar Rojas-Padilla ◽  
Vinícius Queiroz Menezes ◽  
Iuri Ribeiro Dias ◽  
Antônio Jorge Suzart Argôlo ◽  
Mirco Solé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Important Center

Information gaps about species distribution hamper the evaluation of conservation status and decisions on biodiversity conservation, affecting to a greater extent, areas with high species richness and endemism. In this context, biological inventories are an important tool to fill these gaps by providing data on the composition, richness, and abundance of species in each locality. The Parque Nacional da Serra das Lontras (PNSL) protects various mountain range just up 1000 m. in altitude, and, together with other conservation units, forms an ecological corridor in the southern part of the state of Bahia, within the Atlantic Forest hotspot. We conducted systematic samplings on transects, and opportunistic records in ponds and streams, in order to record amphibian and reptile species in the PNSL. We complement the sampling with the information available in the literature and in scientific collections. A total of 100 species (49 amphibians and 51 reptiles) was recorded, 53 of them endemic to the Atlantic Forest, 13 to the state of Bahia, and two known only from the PNSL. Hylidae was the most diverse family of amphibians (22 spp.) and Colubridae of reptiles (33 spp.). New information on the distribution and natural history of these species is provided, many of which have not yet been assessed by the IUCN while others have already been categorized as at risk of extinction at the regional level. Results confirm the high species richness and rates of endemism in southern Bahia and highlight the importance of protecting high altitude areas for the preservation of evolutionary and ecological processes within the Atlantic Forest.

scholarly journals Sheep nemabiome diversity and its response to anthelmintic treatment in Swedish sheep herds

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Halvarsson ◽  
Johan Höglund
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Anthelmintic Treatment ◽  
Host Age ◽  
Larval Culture ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
South Central ◽  
Nematode Diversity

Abstract Background A novel way to study the species composition and diversity of nematode parasites in livestock is to perform deep sequencing on composite samples containing a mixture of different species. Herein we describe for the first time the nematode community structures (nemabiomes) inhabiting Swedish sheep and how these are/were affected by host age and recent anthelmintic treatments. Methods A total of 158 fecal samples were collected (n = 35 in 2007 and n = 123 in 2013–2016) and cultured from groups of sheep on 61 commercial farms in the south-central part of the country where most animals are grazed. Among the samples, 2 × 44 (56%) were paired collections from the same groups pre- and post-treatment with anthelmintics such as macrocyclic lactones, benzimidazoles or levamisole. Samples were analyzed for their nemabiome using the PacBio platform followed by bioinformatic sequence analysis with SCATA. Species richness and diversity were calculated and analyzed in R. Results Nematode ITS2 sequences were found in all larval culture samples except two, even though the fecal egg counts were below the McMaster threshold in 20 samples. Sequencing yielded, on average, 1008 sequences per sample. In total, 16 operational taxonomical units (OTU), all with ≥ 98 % identity to sequences in the NCBI database, were recognized. The OTUs found represented nematode species of which ten are commonly associated with sheep. Multiple species were identified in all pre-anthelmintic treatment larval culture samples. No effects on nematode diversity were found in relation to host age. On the other hand, recent anthelmintic treatment lowered species richness, especially after use of ivermectin and albendazole. Interestingly, despite zero egg counts after use of levamisole, these samples still contained nematode DNA and especially H. contortus. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that nemabiome analysis combined with diversity index analysis provides an objective methodology in the study of the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment as both high and low abundant species were detected.

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