scholarly journals Knowledge, belief, and attitude of Bangladeshi youth toward the development of nuclear power

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-283
Author(s):  
Md. Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Abid Hossain Khan ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana

Public support is one of the major challenges for maintaining a sustainable nuclear power program for any country. Although Bangladesh’s decision to build its maiden nuclear power plant (NPP) has received significant scholarly attention, the study regarding public perception is largely ignored. To fill this gap, this study investigated how Bangladeshis view the government’s decision to build NPPs. The study evaluated Bangladeshi youth’s knowledge, belief, and attitude toward the development of nuclear power. Applying the survey research technique, we found that 49% of the 450 respondents were positive toward NPPs, while 12% had no idea about NPPs. Women, in comparison to men, were found to have less knowledge of nuclear energy. Additionally, 41% of the respondents believed that the decision for establishing the country’s first NPP at Rooppur was right. However, 54% of the respondents expressed concerns over the safety, security, and sustainability of NPPs. Most importantly, a significant distrust among the respondents was observed in the capability of the regulator and operator for maintaining the NPP in a safe, secured, and sustainable manner. The study concludes that more policy actions are necessary to increase public support for nuclear power.

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2464
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Cvetković ◽  
Adem Öcal ◽  
Yuliya Lyamzina ◽  
Eric K. Noji ◽  
Neda Nikolić ◽  
...  

Nuclear power remains one of the most accessible choices in addressing environmental and social concerns due to the continuously increasing energy needs around the world. While it remains an excellent source of energy due to its low price and low level of emissions, potential accidents remain a serious problem. An example of such is the most recent accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (2011), which reminded the world of the potential risks of nuclear energy and the consequences of which continue to have a lasting effect. There is no nuclear power plant in Serbia, but there are about 15 nuclear power stations scattered within its neighboring countries. Therefore, the Serbian Government decided to study how the Serbian public perceives the risks related to the potential construction of nuclear power stations in the country, nuclear energy in general, and its possible benefits and risks. The objective of this paper is to present the results of this assessment along with a literature overview on the (environmental) risk of nuclear power. A pilot study consisted of a series of 270 randomized face-to-face interviews that took place in the public square of Belgrade in March 2019. Logistic regression was used to examine the cumulative effects of the different risk factors. The results showed that the majority of the respondents are skeptical and do not support the construction of nuclear power stations in Serbia. Furthermore, this research identified several additional important correlations that have a significant impact on the public perception of risk.


2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saha Sabhasachi ◽  
Roy Koushik ◽  
Roy Souvik ◽  
Rahman Md. Asfakur ◽  
Hasan Md. Zahid

AbstractIn the present world, nuclear energy is a must need for various purposes. The main cause of nuclear energy is because of the increasing energy demand, which is not possible to provide by using convenient energy generation. Bangladesh is a lower income country and the energy sector is not so developed here though there is a very high demand for energy. Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant is the only one nuclear generation plant which can provide this kind of huge energy within a very short time. This paper mainly depicts the ins and outs of this plant and discusses it’s feasibility in Bangladesh. It also focuses on the worlds various power generation methods and comprises it with nuclear energy generation. A detailed technical brief is presented in this paper along with advantages, location selection, financial and environmental impacts. This will help researchers to do further researches about nuclear energy in Bangladesh.


Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Grenouillet

Nowadays, decommissioning of nuclear power plants has become a key issue for nuclear industry in Europe. The phasing out of nuclear energy in Germany, Belgium and Sweden, as well as the early closure of nuclear units in applicant countries in the frame of EU enlargement, has largely contributed to consider decommissioning as the next challenge to face. The situation is slightly different in France where nuclear energy is still considered as a safe, cost-effective and environment friendly energy source. Electricite´ de France (EDF) is working on the development of a new generation of reactor to replace the existing one and erection of a new nuclear power plant could start in the next few years. Nevertheless, to achieve this objective, it will be necessary to get the support of political decision-makers and the acceptance of public opinion. Due to the growing concern of these stakeholders for environmental issues, their support can only be obtained if it is possible to demonstrate that nuclear energy industry will not leave behind unsolved issues that will be a burden to the next generations. In this context decommissioning of the first generation of EDF NPPs constitutes a prerequisite for the erection of a new type of nuclear power plant. This paper will present the programme defined by EDF for the decommissioning of its nine already shutdown reactors (Fig. 1). The reasons of the recent evolution of EDF decommissioning strategy will be explained and the key issues that will contribute to the successful implementation of this programme will be addressed. Finally, what has been achieved on sites so far and major planned activities will be described.


Author(s):  
Anthony Hechanova

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a developing affluent nation. The leaders of the UAE announced the pursuit of peaceful nuclear power in 2008 and by the end of the following year established its Nuclear Energy Program Implementing Organization (the Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation (ENEC)), Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation (FANR), and ordered four APR-1400 pressurized water reactors from the Korean Electric Power Company (KEPCO). Nuclear Engineering programs were initiated soon afterwards at Khalifa University for graduate students and the University of Sharjah for undergraduate students. The technical workforce including nuclear power plant local operators and chemistry and radiation protection personnel was established by ENEC and the Institute of Applied Technology as an inaugural program of Abu Dhabi Polytechnic (AD Poly) in 2011. This paper describes the development of the dual education and training program at AD Poly, the experience of the initial cohorts who conducted their training at the APR-1400 units at the Shin Kori Nuclear Power Plant in Korea, and the current program between the AD Poly Abu Dhabi campus and the new Barakah Nuclear Power Plant based on lessons learned from the earlier years.


2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Vahe Davtyan

The prerequisites for the development of Armenia’s nuclear power industry are indicated. The main geopolitical problems of operation of the Armenian NPP are revealed through studying the electric power market of the South Caucasus with the definition of the export opportunities of Armenia. The main problems of nuclear fuel supplies to the Armenian NPP are studied. Recommendations are given on the long-term development of nuclear energy in Armenia.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr Novikau

The Belarusian government’s decision of the last decade to build a nuclear power plant near the city of Ostrovets, in northern Belarus, has proven to be controversial, resulting in a great deal of debate about nuclear energy in the country. The debate was inevitably shaped by the traumatic event that affected Belarus – the Chernobyl nuclear accident of 1986. The Belarusian authorities have consistently promoted a positive view of nuclear energy to the population in order to overcome the so-called ‘Chernobyl syndrome’ and deliberately shaped nuclear risk communication. As a result, the issue of trust remains crucial in all nuclear debates in Belarus.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Dóra Lovas

<p>The aim of the article is to present the ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the case of the Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant. This investment can also be related to the Paks II nuclear power plant investment, therefore the two investments are compared too. Both projects were examined by the European Commission, which take an important part when the national aid was awarded to Hinkley Point C and Paks II projects, and the decision of the CJEU also had influence on it. The author considers the European Commission’s aid conception positive, because the less developed countries are not forced to use only the renewables, but the environmental and security aspects of nuclear energy are also allowed (e.g. Hinkley Point C and Paks II nuclear power plants). The subsidy was allowed in both cases, but the reasons are different. In these cases, the limits of the EU energy politics can be seen, i.e. the right to select the package and the priority of the energy security and sustainable development. To mention an example for the difference, in Great Britain the energy sector was divided among the participants on the market but in Hungary the nuclear energy remained under state control. In the first option the state wanted to prove that it grants offset for the help to the general market services and in the second option the market investor principle was highlighted in order to show no other market participant act in other way. These points were not accepted, the state aid was provided both cases with permissible reasons because the projects condescend the goals of environmental policy and energy security. The decisions show that as a result of the efforts to protect the environment the dependency on energy increased and it cannot be solved only be encouraging the usage of the renewables. The permissive attitude of the European Commission can be found here and it is influenced by the increased state regulative roles. According to the author, it also appears in the environmentally friendly decisions which refers to the Paris Agreement’s fulfilment and the involvement of environmental requirements into politics. Moreover, the European Union tries to maintain its leader role in economics, which can be reached by the decrease of energy dependency and the exclusive usage of renewable energies is not the appropriate solution. The CJEU judgement is relevant in several respects. The article focuses primarily on the issue of environmental protection, state aid and the relation between the Euratom Treaty and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.</p>


Author(s):  
Ф.О. Аракелян ◽  
И.П. Башилов ◽  
Ю.Н. Зубко ◽  
А.В. Николаев ◽  
Д.Г. Левченко

Рассмотрено состояние и перспективы развития атомной энергетики в связи с сейсмической и другими природнотехногенными опасностями. Анализирован опыт эксплуатации АЭС, статистика аварий на АЭС, их причины. В связи с авариями на ряде АЭС и глобальной сменой приоритетов энергетической политики в сторону возобновляемых источников энергии (ветра, солнца, гейзеров и т.п.) многие из технически развитых стран (США, Япония, Германия) заявляют о снижении роли атомной энергетики в собственных энергетических планах. Угроза опасности объединяет усилия таких стран как США, Франция, Россия, Япония, Южная Корея, Канада и Китай в сотрудничестве в области совершенствования технологий, усиления ядерной безопасности и развития ядерной инфраструктуры в странахновичках. Наиболее опасными признаны АЭС Азии, где отмечается повышенная сейсмичность. Благодаря усилиям по повышению безопасности АЭС, сделан вывод о снижении сейсмической опасности в связи с глубокой автоматизацией и передачей основных управляющих функций АЭС программному комплексу, совершенствованием алгоритмов принятия решений в случае землетрясения и других чрезвычайных ситуаций. Одна из главных целей глубоко эшелонированной защиты состоит в блокировании опасностей человеческих ошибок и сочетания отказов оборудования и ошибок операторов и распорядителей. Системы безопасности должны включаться автоматически и на некоторое время блокировать действия оператора АЭС. Эффективной защитой энергоблоков, построенных в последние десятилетия, являются герметичные оболочки (контейменты) и размещение над реактором емкости с большим количеством раствора бора, который выливается на реактор при аварии и нейтрализует радиоактивность в случае ее появления. Более детальный анализ сейсмотектонической ситуации площадок действующих АЭС мира привел к необходимости повышения ускорения безопасного останова в ряде АЭС. При проектировании АЭС недостаточно учитывать магнитуду и интенсивность предполагаемых землетрясений, для инженерных расчетов необходимо использовать конкретные параметры колебаний. Среди них важнейшее место занимает ускорение грунта, по которому можно с максимальной уверенностью судить о потенциальных нагрузках на сооружения и оборудование в зоне землетрясения. Приведена модернизированная система сейсмической защиты (ССЗ1М) энергоблоков отличающаяся надёжностью, отсутствием ложных срабатываний, стабильностью параметров во времени, защитой от внешних несанкционированных воздействий. The state and prospects of the development of nuclear energy in connection with seismic and other natural and technological hazards are considered in the article. The experience of operating nuclear power plants, statistics on accidents at nuclear power plants, and their causes are analyzed. Due to accidents at several nuclear power plants and a global change in energy policy priorities towards renewable energy sources (wind, solar, geysers, etc.), many of the technically developed countries (USA, Japan, Germany) declare a reduction in the role of nuclear energy in their energy plans. The threat of danger unites the efforts of countries such as the USA, France, Russia, Japan, South Korea, Canada and China in cooperation in the field of improving technologies, enhancing nuclear safety and developing nuclear infrastructure in newcomer countries. The most dangerous nuclear plants are located in Asia, where the increased seismicity is noted. As a result of the efforts to improve the safety of nuclear power plants, it is concluded that seismic hazard is reduced due to the deep automation and transfer of the main control functions of the nuclear power plant to the software package, improvement of decisionmaking algorithms in the event of an earthquake and other emergencies. One of the main goals of defense in depth is to block the dangers of human error and the combination of equipment failures and the errors of operators and managers. Safety systems should turn on automatically and block the actions of the NPP operator for a while. Sealed shells (containers) and placement of containers with a large amount of boron solution over the reactor, which is poured onto the reactor in the event of an accident and neutralizes radioactivity in case of its occurrence, are an effective protection for power units built in recent decades. A more detailed analysis of the seismotectonic situation of the sites of existing nuclear power plants in the world has led to the need to increase the acceleration of safe shutdown in several nuclear power plants. When designing a nuclear power plant, it is not enough to take into account the magnitude and intensity of the alleged earthquakes for engineering calculations, it is necessary to use specific vibration parameters. Among them, acceleration of the soil occupies the most important place, by which it is possible to judge with maximum confidence the potential loads on structures and equipment in the earthquake zone. The modernized seismic protection system (SSZ1M) of power units is characterized by reliability, the absence of false alarms, the stability of parameters in time, and protection against external unauthorized influences.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (29) ◽  
pp. 147-172
Author(s):  
Andrea Carolina Ávalos Salgado ◽  

Following the accident of Fukushima in 2011, nuclear facilities in Japan were shut down, and a new evaluation and restart process was developed. Despite the public safety concerns, the current administration expects nuclear energy to become a pillar for economic recovery in the coming years. This paper compares the historic context of restarting Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant before and after Fukushima. The evolution is analyzed through a series of interviews in 2012 and 2013 in the community and with government officers, as well as a close follow-up of the official statements by TEPCO and the government agencies up until the end of 2020. It tackles the development in the relation between TEPCO, local authorities, and local community of this nuclear plant, before and after Fukushima. This historic relation has shown to be the key element in the restart process, even above the legal process.


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