Translation Research in Practice: An Introduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita Titler
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Introductory Overview ◽  
Improve Patient

Translation science is a relatively young area of investigation that is rapidly growing. Although a number of healthcare practices have an evidence-base to guide care delivery, their use is not a part of routine practice. The gap between the availability of evidence-based practice (EBP) recommendations and application to improve patient care and population health is linked to poor health outcomes. Translation science, also known as implementation science, is testing implementation interventions to improve uptake and use of evidence to improve patient outcomes and population health. It also helps clarify what implementation strategies work for whom, in what settings, and why. This scientific field emerged to investigate which implementation strategies work to promote use of EBPs, and uncover the mechanisms by which they work. Advancements in translation science can expedite and sustain the successful integration of evidence in practice to improve care delivery, population health, and health outcomes. This article offers an introductory overview of translation science and addresses issues in this field of science such as variation in terminology; theories and models; implementation strategies; and context and implementation related to EBPs.

APRN Palliative Care Externship: Potential impact on oncology nursing palliative care delivery.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 149-149
Author(s):  
Constance Dahlin ◽  
Patrick J. Coyne ◽  
Brian Cassel
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Rural Practice ◽  
Oncology Nursing ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Improve Patient

149 Background: Understanding primary palliative care is essential for advanced practice nurses, no matter where they practice. Limitations resulting from the variability of APRN state practice acts, financial considerations, and expenses, challenge post-graduate education for APRNs. With the shortage of health care providers, it is necessary to consider innovative programs to offer this education. Although there are many palliative educational opportunities, there are few abilities to translate the education into practice. Few are focused on the APRN, particularly for community and rural practice where many oncology patients are located and receive care. Methods: The APRN Externship selected 48 externs who completed the week long course. Topics includes pain and symptom assessment and management; fostering communication skills; building understanding of community resources such as hospice, palliative care, and home care; incorporating palliative care into an oncology practice, introducing concepts of business and finance in palliative care; and developing of safe practice with policy, procedure, and guideline development with a focus on rural providers. Externs complete pre course and post course testing along with completing goals to improve patient care. Results: Through an IRB approved process, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative evaluation, we followed the effect of the externship on externs. Externs performed both pre-course as well as 1 month and 6 month post-course testing. They also completed a report on achievement of clinical goals to improve patient care delivery. Conclusions: APRN Palliative Externs reported positive effects from the externship experience to clinical practice. The qualitative and quantitative data has demonstrated sustained effect towards improving palliative care within advanced practice nursing. The APRN palliative externship model could serve as a model to promote better palliative care education for oncology APRNs thereby improving palliative care delivery within oncology nursing.

A tactical framework for EMR adoption

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
James Lambley ◽  
Craig Kuziemsky
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Human Diversity ◽  
Health Information Technologies ◽  
Emr Adoption ◽  
Legacy Information Systems ◽  
Improve Patient

Hospitals and other health settings across Canada are transitioning from paper or legacy information systems to Electronic Medical Records (EMR) systems to improve patient care and service delivery. The literature speaks to benefits of EMR systems, but also challenges, such as adverse patient events and provider workflow interruptions. Theoretical models have been proposed to help understand the complex interaction between health information technologies and the healthcare environment, but a shortcoming is the transition from conceptual models to actual clinical settings. The health ecosystem is filled with human diversity and organizational culture considerations that cannot be separated from technical implementation strategies. This paper analyzes literature on EMR implementation and adoption to develop a tactical framework for EMR adoption. The framework consists of six categories, each with a set of seed questions to consider when leading technology adoption projects.

scholarly journals NURSING INFORMATICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 018-024
Author(s):  
R. Ponchitra
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Clinical Information System ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Health Care Delivery System ◽  
Nursing Informatics ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Improve Patient

AbstractComputers have opened for us a world of information. New and emerging technologies will continue to have an effect on the health care delivery system. Nurses as a major player in health care, will be part of this ever growing era technology. A nurse must know generalized applications such as word processing, as well as specialized applications such as clinical information system. Virtual reality (simulation) and ubiquitous(every where) computing are emerging and being used in education and other areas in health care nursing knowledge workers must be able to understand the evolving specialty, nursing informatics, in order to begin to harness and use the tools available for managing the vast amount of health care data and information. This article mentions in detail about Nursing Informatics and therefore highlights that nursing informatics capabilities be appreciated, promoted, expanded and advanced to facilitate the work of the Nurse, improve patient care, and enhance the Nursing profession.

Mere Tokenism or Best Practice: The Illawarra Division of General Practice Consumer Consultative Committee

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Perkins ◽  
Kate Senior ◽  
Alan Owen
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Improve Patient

Divisions of General Practice were set up to improve links between GPs and consumers, to develop a population health perspective in general practice, and to improve patient care. The Illawarra Division of General Practice established a consumer consultative committee as part of a broader strategy to achieve these objectives. An interview study with committee members indicates the difficulties experienced in this task and the persistence of two cultures. Various options are identified by which consumer participation might be improved as means of fostering better links, improved care and a population health perspective amongst GPs. The first step is a more sophisticated understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of current consultative arrangements.

Potential Savings Involved in the Purchase of Low-Cost, High-Volume Medical Commodities as Established from a Community Hospital Survey

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
San W. Ng ◽  
Rosmin Esmail ◽  
William J. Sibbald ◽  
Gordon S. Doig
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Substantial Cost ◽  
Improve Patient

Health technology refers to the instruments, equipment, drugs and procedures used in health care delivery, as well as the organizations supporting it. Health technology assessment, which is the process of conducting investigations to establish the criteria for efficacious, effective and efficient patient care, is becoming increasingly important in an era of diminishing resources. This survey of 39 community hospitals in southwestern Ontario found that improved purchasing strategies can result in substantial cost savings which can in turn be used to improve patient care. The study shows that optimizing the price of basic hospital commodities could save an average community hospital as much as $625,000 per year.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing in Relation to Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
M Dohal ◽  
I Porvaznik ◽  
P Kusnir ◽  
J. Mokry
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Rapid Diagnostics ◽  
Routine Diagnostics ◽  
Improve Patient

Abstract Tuberculosis, a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, represents one of the deadliest infections worldwide. The incidence of resistant forms is increasing year by year; therefore, it is necessary to involve new methods for rapid diagnostics and treatment. One of the possible solutions is the use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The WGS provides an identification of complete genome of the microorganism, including all genes responsible for resistance, in comparison with other genotypic methods (eg. Xpert MTB / RIF or Hain line-probes) that are capable to detect only basic genes. WGS data are available in 1-9 days and several online software tools (TBProfiler, CASTB, Mykrobe PredictorTB) are used for their interpretation and analysis, compared to 3-8 weeks in the case of classic phenotypic evaluation. Furthermore, WGS predicts resistance to the first-line antituberculotics with a sensitivity of 85-100% and a specificity of 85-100%. This review elucidates the importance and summarizes the current knowledge about the possible use of WGS in diagnosis and treatment of resistant forms of tuberculosis elucidates. WGS of M. tuberculosis brings new possibilities for rapid and accurate diagnostics of resistant forms of tuberculosis. Introducing WGS into routine practice can help to reduce the spread of resistant forms of tuberculosis as well as to increase the success rate of the treatment, especially through an appropriate combination of antituberculotics ATs. Introduction of WGS into routine diagnostics can, in spite of the financial difficulty, significantly improve patient care.

scholarly journals Impact of consultant obstetric presence on serious incidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Sherif Shawer ◽  
Shirley Rowbotham ◽  
Alexander Heazell ◽  
Teresa Kelly ◽  
Sarah Vause
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improve Patient

Purpose Many organisations, including the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, have recommended increasing the number of hours of consultant obstetric presence in UK National Health Service maternity units to improve patient care. St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester implemented 24-7 consultant presence in September 2014. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach To assess the impact of 24-7 consultant presence upon women and babies, a retrospective review of all serious clinical intrapartum incidents occurring between September 2011 and September 2017 was carried out by two independent reviewers; disagreements in classification were reviewed by a senior Obstetrician. The impact of consultant presence was classified in a structure agreed a priori. Findings A total of 72 incidents were reviewed. Consultants were directly involved in the care of 75.6 per cent of cases before 24-7 consultant presence compared to 96.8 per cent afterwards. Negative impact due to a lack of consultant presence fell from 22 per cent of the incidents before 24-7 consultant presence to 9.7 per cent after implementation. In contrast, positive impact of consultant presence increased from 14.6 to 32.3 per cent following the introduction of 24-7 consultant presence. Practical implications Introduction of 24-7 consultant presence reduced the negative impact caused by a lack of, or delay in, consultant presence as identified by serious untoward incident (SUI) reviews. Consultant presence was more likely to have a positive influence on care delivery. Originality/value This is the first assessment of the impact of 24-7 consultant presence on the SUIs in obstetrics.

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