scholarly journals Screening, Intervention, and Referral in the Clinical Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacklyn Beynor ◽  
Waverley Stanfield ◽  
Donna Zucker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
System Level ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Nursing Curriculum ◽  
Over 40 Years

The prevalence of substance use disorder in the United States is rapidly growing, particularly in adolescents. Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) has been used in clinical care for over 40 years, yet providers still do not incorporate this into daily practice. This article offers background information and describes a project that considered SBIRT in the clinical setting using two student-led focus groups to discuss a gap between education and practice noted by nursing students trained in this technique. We present findings for each group and a discussion that synthesizes the results and includes implications for education and practice. Data were analyzed using the scissor and sort method, with themes emerging about SBIRT benefits, barriers, training, and individual and system level factors. Study recommendations included incorporating SBIRT content across the nursing curriculum with repeated smaller training and practice sessions. Also noted is the need for ongoing SBIRT education for practicing nurses.

scholarly journals HOW CLINICAL SETTING AND EXPERIENCES INFLUENCE NURSING STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S758-S758
Author(s):  
Susan Hovey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Prelicensure Nursing ◽  
Students Attitudes

Abstract This study is significant because older healthcare consumers continue to rise with estimations that nearly 72.1 million persons in the United States will be over the age of 65 by 2030. A fundamental question remains, will the future nursing workforce possess the attitude and knowledge to competently provide age-friendly care to older adults. The aim of this study explores how clinical setting, previous experiences with older adults, and previous work experiences in long-term care settings influence the attitudes of first year prelicensure nursing students toward this population. Six baccalaureate nursing schools from a Midwest state in the United States participated in this descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study. One hundred and nine participants who completed their first clinical experience participated in the study. An understanding of this experience may provide nurse educators with insight into how to design clinical learning activities so nursing students’ acquire interest in care of older adults.

Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States: A Perspective for Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Jaeckl ◽  
Kathryn Laughon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Provider Education

Commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) is a crime and a public health concern with a long-standing history, globally and in the United States. Among a multitude of risk factors, childhood maltreatment trauma has been identified as most relevant. CSEC victims suffer a range of acute and chronic physical and mental health consequences. Though fearful and distrusting, victims do seek medical care, even while under their trafficker’s control. Nevertheless, many go unrecognized and unaided due to inadequate provider education about victim identification. As members of the largest healthcare profession nationwide, nurses have an important role in confronting CSEC. To fulfill this role, nurses need education to recognize “red flags” of victimization, as well as knowledge about trauma-informed assessment and response. This article offers background information and discusses recruitment tactics, health consequences, clinical care, and implications for nursing practice and research.

scholarly journals Abortion attempts without clinical supervision among transgender, nonbinary and gender-expansive people in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjsrh-2020-200966
Author(s):  
Heidi Moseson ◽  
Laura Fix ◽  
Caitlin Gerdts ◽  
Sachiko Ragosta ◽  
Jen Hastings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
And Gender

BackgroundTransgender, nonbinary and gender-expansive (TGE) people face barriers to abortion care and may consider abortion without clinical supervision.MethodsIn 2019, we recruited participants for an online survey about sexual and reproductive health. Eligible participants were TGE people assigned female or intersex at birth, 18 years and older, from across the United States, and recruited through The PRIDE Study or via online and in-person postings.ResultsOf 1694 TGE participants, 76 people (36% of those ever pregnant) reported considering trying to end a pregnancy on their own without clinical supervision, and a subset of these (n=40; 19% of those ever pregnant) reported attempting to do so. Methods fell into four broad categories: herbs (n=15, 38%), physical trauma (n=10, 25%), vitamin C (n=8, 20%) and substance use (n=7, 18%). Reasons given for abortion without clinical supervision ranged from perceived efficiency and desire for privacy, to structural issues including a lack of health insurance coverage, legal restrictions, denials of or mistreatment within clinical care, and cost.ConclusionsThese data highlight a high proportion of sampled TGE people who have attempted abortion without clinical supervision. This could reflect formidable barriers to facility-based abortion care as well as a strong desire for privacy and autonomy in the abortion process. Efforts are needed to connect TGE people with information on safe and effective methods of self-managed abortion and to dismantle barriers to clinical abortion care so that TGE people may freely choose a safe, effective abortion in either setting.

Researching U.S. Federal Law: a Primer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-175
Author(s):  
Marcia Singal Zubrow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Information Search ◽  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Search Techniques

AbstractThis article is designed for law librarians based outside the United States. The paper, written by Marcia Zubrow, provides basic information about the United States legal system and its sources. This background foundation to the article is important in understanding how to effectively use the two major U.S. databases, Lexis and Westlaw. The author describes the contents of the two databases within the context of the background information. Search techniques, including advance searching strategies, are described.

scholarly journals Media Systems and Attention Cycles: Volume and Topics of News Coverage on COVID-19 in the United States and China

2021 ◽  
pp. 107769902110494
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Wirz ◽  
Anqi Shao ◽  
Luye Bao ◽  
Emily L. Howell ◽  
Hannah Monroe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Newspaper Coverage ◽  
System Level ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Rich Media ◽  
Issue Attention ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Over Time

We examined initial newspaper coverage of the COVID-19 outbreak (January–May 2020) in the United States and China, countries with contrasting media systems and pandemic experiences. We join the context-rich media systems literature and the longitudinal nature of the issue-attention literature to expand each by providing more system-level context for explaining how media cover an issue over time. U.S. coverage peaked later and stayed consistently high, while Chinese coverage was more variable. The most prominent topics in Chinese coverage were related to domestic outbreak response, while U.S. coverage focused on politics, highlighting how issue-attention cycles differ across countries.

scholarly journals Aluminum in Pediatric Parenteral Nutrition Products: Measured Versus Labeled Content

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Robert L. Poole ◽  
Kevin P. Pieroni ◽  
Shabnam Gaskari ◽  
Tessa K. Dixon ◽  
KT Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Exposure ◽  
Product Release

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Aluminum is a contaminant in all parenteral nutrition solutions. Manufacturers currently label these products with the maximum aluminum content at the time of expiry, but there are no published data to establish the actual measured concentration of aluminum in parenteral nutrition solution products prior to being compounded in the clinical setting. This investigation assessed quantitative aluminum content of products commonly used in the formulation of parenteral nutrition solutions. The objective of this study is to determine the best products to be used when compounding parenteral nutrition solutions (i.e., those with the least amount of aluminum contamination). METHODS All products available in the United States from all manufacturers used in the production of parenteral nutrition solutions were identified and collected. Three lots were collected for each identified product. Samples were quantitatively analyzed by Mayo Laboratories. These measured concentrations were then compared to the manufacturers' labeled concentration. RESULTS Large lot-to-lot and manufacturer-to-manufacturer differences were noted for all products. Measured aluminum concentrations were less than manufacturer-labeled values for all products. CONCLUSIONS The actual aluminum concentrations of all the parenteral nutrition solutions were significantly less than the aluminum content based on manufacturers' labels. These findings indicate that 1) the manufacturers should label their products with actual aluminum content at the time of product release rather than at the time of expiry, 2) that there are manufacturers whose products provide significantly less aluminum contamination than others, and 3) pharmacists can select products with the lowest amounts of aluminum contamination and reduce the aluminum exposure in their patients.

GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modeling

2019 ◽  
pp. 1284-1297
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Rouzbehani ◽  
Ghazaleh Sajjadi ◽  
Mohamad Rahim Hatami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
International Strategies

Breast cancer is a major health issue in all countries affecting thousands of women. Its causes are unknown and the national and international strategies to reduce its morbidity and mortality levels are based on early detection of cancer through screening and treatment according to clinical guidelines. Thus, knowledge of which women are at risk and why they are at risk is therefore essential component of disease prevention and screening. In 2015, an estimated 231,840 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the United States, along with 60,290 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to provide a more detailed analysis of the breast cancer distribution in the United States by comparing the spatial distribution of breast cancer cases against physical environmental factors using Geographic Information System (GIS). Further, it gives background information to the GIS and its applications in health-related research.

Resources for Historical Background

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Black College ◽  
Background Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Worth Reading ◽  
Background History

Many historians have written about the history of African Americans in science, but most of the articles focus only on the men and very little is written about the women. It would take additional research to find information pertaining only to the women. However, since both men and women lived through the same era, much of what affected the men also affected the women. The background information about black women chemists could probably fit into another book or at least a paper, but that was not within the scope of this book. Dr. Wini Warren, author of Black Women Scientists in the United States, did some extensive research on the background history of black women in science, which she planned to put into a future book; due to health problems it was never written. However, the Introduction to Dr. Warren’s book is well worth reading for some of the background history of the women. The endnotes in that chapter provide an extensive bibliography about the history of blacks in science. In addition, Dr. Warren includes an extensive discussion about the background history of black women scientists in the introduction of her thesis, “Hearts and Minds: Black Women Scientists in the United States 1900–1960.” Sisters in Science by Diann Jordan features author interviews of black women scientists, some of whom are chemists. The Introduction of her book, discusses the background history. Dr. Jordan also includes a history of black colleges in the section “The Role of the Black College in Educating African American Scientists.” Since many of the women in this book had their first college education in a black college, it is worth reading. Information about several of the African American women chemists in this book can be found in Contributions of Black Women to America, Volume 2. The Introduction and Chapter 1 in the “Science” section give some background information about the history of women in science.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document