Insulin response to feeding forage with varying crude protein and amino acid content in horses at rest and after exercise

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ringmark ◽  
A. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

This study assessed the insulin response to forage intake with varying crude protein (CP) content in horses at rest and after exercise. Six geldings were fed three grass haylage-only diets for 7 days according to a 3×3 Latin square design. On day 7, blood samples were collected before and for 120 min after feeding 15% of the daily allowance before exercise (feeding A) and after standardised exercise (feeding B). Feed samples were collected before each feeding. Dry matter (DM) and nutrient content varied (DM: 37-58%, water-soluble carbohydrates minus fructans (WSC-f): 3-12% of DM, CP: 10-15% of DM) which resulted in a variation in nutrient intake within haylage batches. Based on individual CP and WSC-f intakes, intake groups were therefore formed (low and high CP intake; ≤ and ≯180 g CP/100 kg body weight, respectively and low and high WSC-f intake; ≤ and ≯100 g/100 kg body weight, respectively). Amino acids were analysed and intakes were generally higher in the high CP group than in the low CP group. An ANOVA model including horse, CP group and WSC-f intake explained 95% of the variation in plasma insulin response compared to 87% using a model including horse and WSC-f group alone. The plasma insulin area under curve (AUC) following feeding A tended to be higher in the high CP group than in the low CP group (P=0.08), but there was no difference after feeding B. Plasma glucose AUC was not affected by CP group (P≯0.05). The study indicates that the post-prandial plasma insulin response in horses fed a forage-only diet is increased by high WSC-f intake but may also be increased by high CP intake, at least at rest. However, due to the low number of observations further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Added-value products: healthier milk from forage, scope for breeders?

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Anjo Elgersma ◽  
Harm Smit ◽  
Hassan Taweel ◽  
Izabela Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Rumen Metabolism ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Plant Lipids ◽  
Target Yield ◽  
Feeding Trials

Plant lipids are a major source of beneficial fatty acids (FA) in milk. Forage quality differences can affect rumen metabolism and there could be opportunities to change the composition of ruminant products through species or cultivar choice. Twelve dairy cows were used in two stall-feeding trials with fresh grass to evaluate the effect of diploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivars on milk FA composition during the growing season. Six cultivars were cut daily during three 14-day periods at the same target yield. The experiments consisted of two 3x3 Latin square trials, in each of which 3 cultivars were fed to 2 groups of three cows. The six cultivars differed significantly in concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates, neutral-detergent fibre and crude protein. However, there were no significant differences among the six cultivars in FA concentration or proportions of FA. No variation in DM intake, milk production and composition or milk FA composition was found. The latter may be due to the lack of variation in grass FA concentration and composition in the cultivars studied.

Morning versus afternoon cutting time of Berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) affects feed intake, milk yield and composition in Girgentana goats

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Italo Pagano ◽  
Bernardo Valenti ◽  
Anna De Angelis ◽  
Marcella Avondo ◽  
Pietro Pennisi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Berseem Clover

Twenty lactating Girgentana goats were used to evaluate the effect of morning v. afternoon cutting time of Berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) on feed intake, milk yield and milk composition. Goats were randomly divided into two groups of ten animals, receiving 10 kg of fresh Berseem clover cut at 9.00 (AM group) or 16.00 (PM group), respectively; 500 g of concentrate was given individually to goats before offering forage. Feed intake increased (P<0·01) in the PM group (30·5 v. 25·3 g dry matter/kg body weight), associated with the different nutrient content of diets: lower crude protein but higher dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and total fatty acids in the PM-harvested forage. Milk production, protein and casein content were higher (P<0·05) in the PM group (1415 g/d, 3·25% and 2·42% v. 1277 g/d, 3·15% and 2·33%, respectively), whereas no differences between groups were detected for milk fat, lactose or urea content. Body weight slowly decreased from the start to the end of the experiment, without differences between groups. This study showed an important milk yield responses in Girgentana goats offered afternoon-cut compared with morning-cut Berseem clover, due to a marked increase in WSC in the afternoon-cut forage.

Plasma insulin response among Nauruans. Prediction of deterioration in glucose tolerance over 6 yr

Diabetes ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sicree ◽  
P. Z. Zimmet ◽  
H. O. King ◽  
J. S. Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

The assessment of herbage legume varieties. II. In vitro digestibility, water soluble carbohydrate, crude protein and mineral content of primary growth of clover and lucerne

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ellis Davies ◽  
G. ap Griffith ◽  
A. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Primary Growth

The primary growth of eight varieties of three species–white clover (3), red clover (4) and lucerne (1)–was sampled at fortnightly intervals and the percentage dry matter, in vitro digestibility, crude protein, water soluble carbohydrates, P, Ca, K, Na and Mg were determined.Differences between species were nearly always significant and the general order of merit was white clover, red clover and lucerne. The exceptions were for dry-matter percentage where this order was reversed, and red clover had the lowest Na and highest Mg content.

THE USE OF CHLORPROPAMIDE IN DIABETES INSIPIDUS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Robert M. Ehrlich ◽  
Sang Whay Kooh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

Oral chlorpropamide was administered to 17 children with diabetes insipidus (D.I.). The cause of the D.I. was idiopathic, six; histiocytosis, five; craniopharyngioma, three; pinealoma, two, and post-traumatic, one. Twenty-four-hour urine volume and measurements of serum and urine osmolality at the beginning and end of a 7-hour water deprivation test were used to evaluatechlorpropamide therapy. Administration of 150 to 400 mg of chlorpropamide per day by mouth caused a reduction in urine volume in all patients (range 8 to 67%). No change in aldosterone, 17-hydroxycorticoids, or electrolyte excretion was noted. Serum electrolytes and glomerular filtration rate were not affected by therapy. Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin response remained normal in those patients tested. Mild leucine sensitivity without significant change in plasma insulin was induced in four children. During water deprivation, seven patients with secondary D.I. but only one with idiopathic D.I. produced hypertonic urine. Hypoglycemia developed in seven children and is the major hazard of treatment. Long-term management of D.I. has been possible in nine children. Oral chlorpropamide is a useful drug in children with vasopressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus.

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