Comparison of single and multi-analyte methods based on LC-MS/MS for mycotoxin biomarker determination in human urine

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Solfrizzo ◽  
L. Gambacorta ◽  
B. Warth ◽  
K. White ◽  
C. Srey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Calibration Solution

The performances of four LC-MS/MS methodologies for determination of up to eight mycotoxin biomarkers in human urines were compared by involving three laboratories that analysed common urine samples spiked at two levels of each biomarker. Each laboratory received a calibration solution, spiked urines and the corresponding unspiked urine. The two spiking levels for each biomarker were chosen by considering the levels naturally occurring in human urines and the limits of quantification of the LC-MS/MS methodologies used by the participating laboratories. The results of each laboratory were evaluated for their z-score values. The percentage of satisfactory z-scores (| z | < 2) were: 100% for deoxynivalenol, de-epoxy deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin M1, β-zearalenol and zearalenone, 87% for α-zearalenol, 50% for ochratoxin A and 42% for fumonisin B1. Good method performances were obtained for most biomarkers at the levels tested in this study, as demonstrated by the overall percentage of satisfactory z-scores for all analytes (87%). Unsatisfactory/questionable z-scores (| z | ≯2) were obtained for fumonisin B1 (7/12 results), ochratoxin A (4/8 results) and ?-zearalenol (1/8 results). The percentage of satisfactory z-scores for fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin A increased from 42 to 83% for fumonisin B1 and from 50 to 62% for ochratoxin A when laboratories 1 and 2 used own calibrants. Factors that could explain the different results obtained for fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin A with provided and own calibration solutions could not be identified in this study and should be carefully investigated in future studies.

Determination of mean daily intakes of aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes and fumonisins in 24-hour diets of children in the Netherlands

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bakker ◽  
E. Sizoo ◽  
A. Jekel ◽  
D.P. Pereboom-de Fauw ◽  
R. Schothorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Aflatoxin B

In 2006, a duplicate diet study of children's food was carried out in the Netherlands. Parents or guardians of 123 children collected duplicates of the 24-hour diets. Levels of aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes and fumonisins were determined. Aflatoxin M1 was detectable in 10% of the samples, with all toxin levels below the limit of quantification. Aflatoxin B1 could be detected in 80% of the samples, while in 47% of all samples aflatoxin B1 was quantifiable. Ochratoxin A could be quantified in all samples. Deoxynivalenol was quantified in almost every sample, while T-2 and HT-2 toxins could only be quantified in 3.2% and 6.4% of the samples respectively. 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol was detected in 1.6% of the samples. Fumonisin B1 was detected in 28% of the samples and fumonisin B2 in a quarter of merely those samples where fumonisin B1 was detected. In 20% of the samples fumonisin B1 could be quantified and in a quarter of those samples fumonisin B2 could be quantified too. The analytical results were used to estimate levels of daily intake. Only the mean daily intake levels for aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol and fumonisins B1 and B2 could reliably be estimated. The values were 0.1, 4.1, 291 and 28 ng/kg bw/day respectively, all are well below the corresponding tolerable daily intakes. For aflatoxin B1 a tolerable intake does not exist, but the intake value for this mycotoxin was very low if compared to the value that would result from the intake of food, if it was contaminated with aflatoxin B1 at the EU regulatory limit, specified for baby food. The mean daily intakes of the mycotoxins determined in children's food in the Netherlands are low and implicate that there is no health risk for children due to exposure from the studied mycotoxins.

Rapid simultaneous extraction and magnetic particle-based enzyme immunoassay for the parallel determination of ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1 and deoxynivalenol mycotoxins in cereal samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 3602-3611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Vidal ◽  
J. R. Bertolín ◽  
A. Ezquerra ◽  
S. Hernández ◽  
J. R. Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Simultaneous Extraction ◽  
Immunochemical Determination ◽  
Cereal Samples

This work describes the development of a rapid method for the extraction and the immunochemical determination of three mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, and ochratoxin A, from cereal samples (wheat and corn flours).

scholarly journals Pig Urinary Concentration of Mycotoxins and Metabolites Reflects Regional Differences, Mycotoxin Intake and Feed Contaminations

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Gambacorta ◽  
Monica Olsen ◽  
Michele Solfrizzo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Good Agreement

The determination of mycotoxin and metabolite concentrations in human and animal urine is currently used for risk assessment and mycotoxin intake measurement. In this study, pig urine (n = 195) was collected at slaughterhouses in 2012 by the Swedish National Food Agency in three counties representing East, South and West regions of Sweden. Urinary concentrations of four mycotoxins, (deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and ochratoxin A (OTA)), and four key metabolites, (deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), aflatoxin M1 (AFM1, biomarker of AFB1), α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), and β-zearalenol (β-ZOL)) were identified and measured by UPLC-MS/MS. Statistically significant regional differences were detected for both total DON (DON + DOM-1) and total ZEA (ZEA + α-ZOL + β-ZOL) concentrations in pig urine from the three regions. These regional differences were in good agreement with the occurrence of Fusarium graminearum mycotoxins (DON + ZEA) in cereal grains harvested in 2011 in Sweden. There were no statistically significant differences in FB1, AFM1 and OTA urinary concentrations in pigs from the three regions. The overall incidence of positive samples was high for total ZEA (99–100%), total DON (96–100%) and OTA (85–95%), medium for FB1 (30–61%) and low for AFM1 (0–13%) in the three regions. Urinary mycotoxin biomarker concentrations were used to estimate mycotoxin intake and the level of mycotoxins in feeds consumed by the monitored pigs. The back-calculated levels of mycotoxins in feeds were low with the exception of seven samples that were higher the European limits.

Simultaneous determination of aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and α-zearalenol in milk by UHPLC–MS/MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Huang ◽  
N. Zheng ◽  
B.Q. Zheng ◽  
F. Wen ◽  
J.B. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aflatoxin M1

scholarly journals The Investigation of Mycotoxins and Enterobacteriaceae of Cereal-Based Baby Foods Marketed in Turkey

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3040
Author(s):  
Buket Er Er Demirhan ◽  
Burak Demirhan
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Baby Foods ◽  
Mesophilic Bacteria ◽  
Classical Culture

In this study, a total of 85 cereal-based baby foods with or without milk (four different brands; A, B, C, and D) collected from Ankara local markets, Turkey were analyzed for mycotoxins, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), and Enterobacteriaceae contamination. Baby foods were analyzed for 12 toxicological important mycotoxins such as aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2; fumonisin B1 and B2; ochratoxin A; sterigmatocystin (STE); deoxynivalenol (DON); zearalenone (ZON); and T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin by LC-MS/MS multi-mycotoxin method. In addition to these mycotoxins, the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was investigated in baby foods containing milk. The classical culture method was used for microbiological analysis. Consequently, at least one mycotoxin was detected in 69.41% of the total samples. The most frequently detected mycotoxins were STE (34.12%) and HT-2 (34.12%). However, AFM1 was not detected in any of the baby foods containing milk. Also, TAMB and Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 30.59% and 10.59% of samples, respectively. As a result, it was determined that the mycotoxin levels in the analyzed samples were in accordance with the mycotoxin levels specified in the Turkish Food Codex.

scholarly journals Interlaboratory comparison for determination of ochratoxin A by ELISA in maize (running title: Determination of ochratoxin A in maize)

2013 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Igor Jajic ◽  
Ksenija Nesic ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Proficiency Testing Schemes ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Selection Of

Participation in interlaboratory comparison and proficiency testing schemes is important for laboratories to control the work quality. In this study, a sample of naturally contaminated maize was analyzed for the content of ochratoxin A (OTA) in three laboratories in Serbia. Participating laboratories used enzymatic immunoaffinity method (ELISA) for the determination of OTA and selection of the ELISA kit was free. Between-laboratory precision was acceptable as evidenced by Cochran?s C test. Moreover, z-scores for all three laboratories were z < ? 2, which is considered acceptable. Used OTA confirmation methods were thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), with fluorescence detector. The results of different methods were comparable.

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