scholarly journals Assessment of Combined Effects of Human Faeces and Mineral Fertilizers on the Behavior of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Cultivated in Lubumbashi, DR Congo

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Ben Tshibuyi Kasu- Bandi ◽  
Laurent Kidinda Kidinda ◽  
John Banza Mukalay ◽  
Louis Baboy Longanza
Keyword(s):  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Human Faeces

scholarly journals The effects of physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils amended with biochar, Ricinus and NPK (17-17-17) on the Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Kinshasa (DR Congo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 16087-16094
Author(s):  
Jeancy Ntuka Luta ◽  
Alasca Ekuya Lombolu ◽  
Paul Mafuka Mbe-Mpie
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Physico Chemical

Objectives: In order to improve the physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils in Kinshasa, the biochar, leaves of Ricinus communis, NPK fertilizer and their combinations were used. Okra was grown as the test plant during two growing seasons. Methodology and Results: The experimentation was carried in polyethylene bags with seven treatments and 4 replications. Each sand bag filled with sandy soil was amended with 300gms 900gms and 15gms respectively for biochar, Ricinus leaves and NPK which were only applied during the first cropping season. The soil was analysed before the trial and after each harvest. Biochar combined with mineral fertilizer and leaves of Ricinus leaves improved both Okra yield and the physico-chemical characteristics the soil. The highest yield in the first growing season was 6 times more than that of the control. In the second season, only the biochar associated with mineral fertilizer had given a satisfying yield. Conclusion and application of results. For an integrated management of fertility of the sandy soil of Kinshasa, use of mineral fertilizers should be accompanied of rational application of organic matter. Biochar appears to be very useful to solve problems of water retention and nutrients brought to this type of soil. The price of fertilizer and biochar are not any time affordable by the smallholders; therefore the use of ricinus leaves, which are very accessible and easy to collect free of charge, appears to be economically profitable. By the way, yields obtained compared with these from fertilizer and biochar are the same. Keywords: Sandy soil, biochar, pH, cation exchange capacity, organic matter, phosphorus. RESUME Objectifs : Dans la recherche de l’amélioration des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de sol sableux de Kinshasa, le biochar, les feuilles de Ricinus communis, le NPK et leurs combinaisons ont été utilisé. Le Gombo a servi de plante texte pendant deux saisons culturales. Méthodologie et résultats : L’expérimentation comprenait quatre répétitions et sept traitements. Les poquets amendés par 300gr, 900gr, et 15gr respectivement pour biochar, feuilles de ricin et NPK (17-17-17), étaient appliqués seulement à la 1ère saison culturale. Le sol était analysé avant l’expérimentation et après chaque récolte. Le biochar combiné à l’engrais minéral et aux feuilles de ricin a amélioré à la fois le rendement de Ntuka et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 The effects of physico-chemical characteristics of sandy soils amended with biochar, Ricinus and NPK (17-17-17) on the Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Kinshasa (DR Congo) 16088 gombo et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques étudiées du sol. Le rendement le plus élevé à la première saison était 6 fois plus que celui du témoin. A la deuxième saison, seul le biochar associé à l’engrais minéral a donné un rendement satisfaisant. Conclusion et application des résultats : Pour une gestion intégrée de la fertilité de ce sol sableux de Kinshasa, l’utilisation des engrais minéraux devrait être accompagnée d’une application adéquate de la matière organique. Le biochar s’avère très important pour améliorer le problème de la rétention en eau et des éléments nutritifs à apporter à ce type de sol. Le prix des engrais et du biochar n’étant pas tout le temps abordable par les petits fermiers, l’utilisation des feuilles de ricin qui sont accessible et facile à ramasser sans frais s’avère économiquement rentable. En outre, le rendement obtenu, comparé à ceux de la combinaison des engrais et du biochar, il n’y a pas de différence. Mots clés: Sols sableux, biochar, pH, capacité d’échange cationique, matière organique, phosphore

scholarly journals Opportunities for Increased Production, Utilization and Income Generation from African Leafy Vegetables in Zambia

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 01-20
Author(s):  
Dickson Ng'uni ◽  
◽  
Godfrey Mwila ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
African Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Amaranthus Spp ◽  
Planting Method

In order to promote the production and marketing of African Leafy Vegetables (ALVs) and help realize their potential as sources of food and income, a case study was undertaken under the IPGRI programme on ALVs. The study was aimed at determining the priority ALVs and assessing their status in terms of genetic diversity, production, processing and marketing through a household survey. Three communities of Hoffmeyer, Subcentre and Chikumbi in Nyimba, Siavonga and Chibombo districts respectively were covered. Information was gathered from 280 households across the communities through participatory rural appraisal using guided household interviews and focused group discussions. Amaranthus spp. Wild spinach (English) Bboonko (Tonga), Libondwe (Lenje), Bondwe (Nyanja); Cleome gynandra Cat’s whiskers, spiderplant (English), Shungwa/ Luyuni-yuni (Tonga), Lubanga (Lenje), Suntha (Nyanja); Abelmoschus esculentus, Okra (English), Mudelele/ Mutezi (Tonga), Delele/ Mulembwe (Lenje), Delele (Nyanja); Brassica carinata, Ethiopian Mustard (English) Tanta a chulu/ Chishu chituba (Tonga), Mupilu/ Nchembele (Lenje), Mupilu (Nyanja) and Cucurbita spp., Pumpkin (English) Bboobbo, Lutanga, Muchile (Tonga), Buchisa bwa nyungu (Lenje), Chiwawa, Mthopo (Njanja) were identified as priority ALVs. It was found that within species variability based on morphological markers of the target ALVs was generally low except for Abelmoschus esculentus and Cucurbita spp which had more than three known varieties. Although 63% of households cultivated both ALVs and exotic vegetables, 33% of the households cultivated ALVs while only 4% exclusively grew exotic vegetables. Farm saved seed for all ALVs except Abelmoschus esculentus was used by 81% of households across communities while 10% obtained their seed from neighbours/relatives within their communities. Direct sowing was the commonest planting method while the application of organic manure to the crop was prominent in Subcentre followed by Chikumbi. Application of mineral fertilizers to ALVs was uncommon practice except in Abelmoschus esculentus. It was revealed that the most preserved ALVs were Abelmoschus esculentus and Cucurbita spp. Open markets and supermarkets in Lusaka sold ALVs such as Abelmoschus esculentus, Amaranthus spp and Cucurbita spp. The main sources of these vegetables in Lusaka were local farmers in the peri-urban areas of the town. A total of 33 different recipes and eleven preservation methods for ALVs were documented across communities while 7 recipes were documented from commercial restaurants. The ALVs play an increasing role in the diets and as source of income for many households and efforts required for stimulating production include improvements in access to improved varieties and availability of urban markets.

Effects of Retinoic Acid and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IFN-gamma Secretion by Mononuclear Leukocytes from Nulliparous and Postparturient Dairy Cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burim Ametaj ◽  
Brian Nonnecke ◽  
Ronald Horst ◽  
Donald Beitz
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D

Individual and combined effects of several isomers of retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from nulliparous and postparturient Holstein cattle were evaluated in vitro. In the first experiment, effects on incubation period (24 to 72 hours) and time of supplementation (0 to 32 hours) with all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis-, and 9,13-dicis-RAs (0 to 100 nM) on IFN-gamma secretion by pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated (0 and 10 mug/ml) MNL from nulliparous cattle were evaluated. In the second experiment, MNL from postparturient cows (bled at 0, 2, 4, and 16 days postpartum) were stimulated with PWM (0 and 10 mug/ml) in the presence of RA isomers (9-cis- or 9,13-dicis-RA; 0 to 100 nM), 1,25-(OH)2D3 (0 to 100 nM), or with combinations of these metabolites. The results show that individual isomers of RA had no effect on IFN-gamma secretion by PWM-stimulated MNL from nulliparous or postparturient cows. Furthermore 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited IFN-gamma secretion by MNL from nulliparous and postparturient dairy cows; however, the degree of inhibition was greater when 9-cis- and 9,13-dicis-RA were also present in the cultures. Finally mononuclear leukocytes from postparturient dairy cows produced substantially less IFN-gamma than did MNL from nulliparous cattle. It is concluded that retinoic acids individually did not affect the capacity of leukocytes from dairy cattle to secrete IFN-gamma. This result is in marked contrast to studies in monogastric species indicating that RAs inhibit IFN-gamma secretion by peripheral blood T cells. Inhibition of IFN-gamma secretion by 1,25-(OH)2D3 was potentiated by 9-cis- and 9,13-di-cis-retinoics acids, suggesting that an excess of dietary vitamins A and D may compromise further the naturally immunosuppressed postparturient dairy cow. Additional research is necessary to determine if the combined effects of these metabolites on IFN-gamma secretion represent an increased susceptibility of the dairy cow to infectious diseases during the periparturient period. Lower secretion of IFN-gamma by MNL from postpartutient dairy cows, relative to nulliparous cattle, suggests that recently-calved cows are naturally immunosuppressed.

Combined effects of form- and meaning-based predictability on perceived clarity of speech.

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Signoret ◽  
Ingrid Johnsrude ◽  
Elisabet Classon ◽  
Mary Rudner
Keyword(s):  
Combined Effects

Combined effects of the prosteatotic TM6SF2 and PNPLA3 variants on severity of NALFD: multicentre biopsy-based study in German patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Krawczyk ◽  
M Rau ◽  
J Schattenberg ◽  
H Bantel ◽  
A Pathil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Effects

EVALUATION OF THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF SPLIT VS. DAY BEFORE AND LOW RESIDUE VS. CLEAR FLUID REGIMENS ON THE COLONOSCOPY PREPARATION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Bari ◽  
I Maleki ◽  
M Hadizadeh ◽  
H Fakheri ◽  
SM Valizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Effects ◽  
Clear Fluid ◽  
Colonoscopy Preparation

Growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) grown in the marginal upland area of Sta. Rita, Samar as influenced by different planting densities and mulching materials

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Zenaida Gonzaga ◽  
Warren Obeda ◽  
Ana Linda Gorme ◽  
Jessie Rom ◽  
Oscar Abrantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bare Soil ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Lady’S Finger ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Minor

Okra or Lady’s finger, botanically known as Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, is a tropical and sub-tropical indigenous vegetable crop commonly grown for its fibrous, slimy, and nutritious fruits and consumed by all classes of population. It has also several medicinal and economic values. Despite its many uses and potential value, its importance is under estimated, under-utilized, and considered a minor crop and little attention was paid to its improvement. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different planting densities and mulching materials on the growth and yield of okra grown in slightly sloping area in the marginal uplands in Sta. Rita, Samar, Philippines. A split-plot experiment was set up with planting density as main plot and the different mulching materials as the sub-plot which were: unmulched or bare soil, rice straw, rice hull, hagonoy and plastic mulch. Planting density did not significantly affect the growth and yield of okra. Regardless ofthe mulching materials used, mulched plants were taller and yielded higher compared to unmulched plants. Moreover, the use of plastic mulch resulted to the highest total fruit yield. The results indicate the potential of mulching in increasing yield and thus profitability of okra production under marginal upland conditions.

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