Technology Transfer Means and Processes

2012 ◽  
pp. 300-314
Author(s):  
Ngozi C. Kamalu ◽  
Johnson A. Kamalu
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Emerging Nations ◽  
Points Of View

This chapter defines technology and technology transfer and the nature of the challenges posed by technology transfer and decision processes to recipient emerging nations; it discusses types of technology, mechanisms, or channels of technology transfer, as well as the appropriateness of technology to receiving states; reviews related literature and research on the theme; discusses technology transfer decision processes; determines factors that drive as well as impede technology transfer; and it explores other aspects or dimensions of technology transfer, such as the meaning of technology transfer, technology diffusion, and the need to transfer technology. Further, it assesses the impacts, strengths, and weaknesses of the experiences of technology seller-states and consumer-states as informed by empirical research on the issue. The research concludes with recommendations of the best practices of how to improve the system of technology transfer from developed to developing states from infrastructural development and sustainability points of view. The strategies include upgrading research and development, as well as appropriateness of information systems; effective methods of transferring technology and most suitable methods for introduction into a country and the efficacy and types of problems it can solve, including developing capacity, technical upgrading, and increased financial support, providing subsidies for recipient entities through the purchase of exclusive technology licenses.

Technology Transfer in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing - A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit B Patil ◽  
Bharath Kumar B ◽  
Ajay P Karnalli
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
R And D ◽  
Production Shop ◽  
Execution Procedures

Technology Transfer (TT) is vital action from drug development in Research and Development (R and D) Department to commercial manufacturing till the product discontinuation. This review is an attempt to give an insight about the transfer of pharmaceutical product from R and D to production including necessary documents required to review the supporting documents and execution procedures in production shop floor. TT is considered effective, if there is a documented evidence that the process and its parameters, repeatedly results in desired product quality which was established upon during TT between the transferee and transferor. For the execution of TT process, expertise from different department such as Engineering, R and D, QA, process analyst and production are teamed. the transmission comprises of arrangements procured in these flows of improvement to achieve the quality as planned throughout manufacture.

scholarly journals Motives of Enrollment of Omani Students at Universities from their Points of View

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Almur M. Al-Hashimi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Female Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Points Of View

This study aimed to find out the motives of Omani students to join Sultan Qaboos University and other universities outside the Sultanate. Ranking of importance of reasons as well as differences in motives of enrollment based on gender, college and residential area were explored. The researcher developed two questionnaires with 27 items. They were applied to a sample that consisted of 662 male and female students from Sultan Qaboos University and students studying in universities outside the sultanate. The results indicated that the motivesfor student enrolling in the first year at Sultan Qaboos University were: access to good financial support, availability of their specialization, securing jobs quickly, quick promotions, and good salaries. The results also indicated that the motives to join universities outside the Sultanate were: their GPA did not qualify participants for enrollment at Sultan Qaboos University, the unavailability of specialization at Sultan Qaboos University, the desire of their parents, receiving good monthly financial support, and negative perception of Sultan Qaboos University.

Information Technology and Diversification

2011 ◽  
pp. 2460-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namchul Shin
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Scope Economies ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Strategic Emphasis ◽  
Related Diversification ◽  
The Relationship

While the importance of IT coupled with organizational changes for business performance has been widely discussed in the information systems (IS) literature, there has been little empirical research on the issue. This research examines empirically the relationship between IT and diversification by employing multiple diversification measures. It also examines empirically the relative impact on performance of IT and diversification. Results show that diversification coupled with increased IT spending improves firm performance when its strategic emphasis is on related diversification. The results also show that firms place strategic focus on related diversification when they increase IT spending, and that they require more IT when their strategic emphasis is tilted toward related diversification. The findings imply that by providing a better means of coordination, IT enables scope economies, efficient utilization of business resources and collaboration across individual business units, eventually leveraging the benefits of diversification.

Technology Diffusion Determines Productivity Distribution and Aggregate Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-71
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Productivity Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Growth ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

This paper studies how technology diffusion interacts to endogenously determine the productivity distribution and generate aggregate growth. This paper models firms that choose to adopt technology, or produce with their existing technology. In the context of technology diffusion, one therefore has to consider whether redistributive revenues of the government may, in fact, be allocated towards reducing the fixed costs associated with productive technologies. This paper presents a model in which the cost of technology diffusion is endogenous and varies across heterogeneous firms. The results indicate that the technology with low productivity is used by the majority of individuals in the early stages of development. At this stage, a relatively higher level of inequality characterizes the income distribution. As capital deepening and redistribution of income and wealth takes place, the inequality among individuals tends to decrease. Once this happens individuals prefer a relatively larger proportion of government revenue to be allocated towards cost-reducing Research and Development (R&D) expenditures. Eventually all individuals make the switch to the better technology and consequently their incomes converge.

Data Flow Diagram Use to Plan Empirical Research Projects

2009 ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Jens Mende
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Data Flow ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Systems Planning ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Data Flow Diagram

Yourdon and Constantine (1979), De Marco (1979), and Gane and Sarson (1979) introduced the data flow diagram (DFD) more than a quarter of a century ago, as a systems planning tool that is particularly useful in the fields of software engineering and information systems development. But the DFD is not restricted to those fields. Empirical research projects are systems too (which consist of interconnected sources, data, collection processes, files, analysis processes, knowledge, and users), and those systems are similar to information systems. This article reports how the DFD can also be useful in planning empirical research projects. This finding should be advantageous to research planners, individual researchers, research advisors, research supervisors, or research managers. And it should be especially advantageous to research planners in information and communication technology (ICT) because they know DFDs already, so they can get the planning advantages with little or no extra learning effort. This finding was obtained from two research projects. The first was planned without the aid of a DFD and failed. It was then replanned with a DFD and redone in a second project, which succeeded.

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