Pharmacovigilance

2012 ◽  
pp. 322-343
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jose
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Hospital Perspective ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Drug Regulatory Agencies

Any substance that is capable of producing a therapeutic effect can also produce unwanted or adverse effects. It is important to understand the basic concepts related to Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs): epidemiology, classification, predisposing factors, evaluation parameters, and surveillance methods. Pharmacovigilance is defined as the science and activities relating to the detection, evaluation, understanding, and prevention of ADRs or any other drug-related problems. It involves patients, medical professionals, the pharmaceutical industry, drug regulatory agencies, and academic scientists. Pharmacoinformatics, the application of information technology with regard to the drug design, development, and drug use has played a major role in the appropriate implementation of pharmacovigilance at industry, regulatory, and hospital levels. The functioning of international regulatory agencies and drug safety departments of pharmaceutical industries has been greatly influenced by pharmacoinformatics. Pharmacoinformatics has changed the way in which health care is practiced. Modern information technology can be used by health care professionals for various purposes and, thereby, make a substantial contribution to optimize the quality of medication use in institutions with due importance of safety. Pharmacoinformatics has a major influence in the development of pharmacogenetics and its individual applications including improving drug safety. Pharmacoinformatics will play a major role in the future development and practice of pharmacovigilance. The present chapter is aimed at providing the readers an insight into the importance and basic concepts of pharmacovigilance, and the process involved in it. Application of pharmacoinformatics in improving drug safety at various levels from an industry, regulatory and hospital perspective is discussed.

Pharmacovigilance

2013 ◽  
pp. 1453-1473
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jose
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Hospital Perspective ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Drug Regulatory Agencies

Any substance that is capable of producing a therapeutic effect can also produce unwanted or adverse effects. It is important to understand the basic concepts related to Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs): epidemiology, classification, predisposing factors, evaluation parameters, and surveillance methods. Pharmacovigilance is defined as the science and activities relating to the detection, evaluation, understanding, and prevention of ADRs or any other drug-related problems. It involves patients, medical professionals, the pharmaceutical industry, drug regulatory agencies, and academic scientists. Pharmacoinformatics, the application of information technology with regard to the drug design, development, and drug use has played a major role in the appropriate implementation of pharmacovigilance at industry, regulatory, and hospital levels. The functioning of international regulatory agencies and drug safety departments of pharmaceutical industries has been greatly influenced by pharmacoinformatics. Pharmacoinformatics has changed the way in which health care is practiced. Modern information technology can be used by health care professionals for various purposes and, thereby, make a substantial contribution to optimize the quality of medication use in institutions with due importance of safety. Pharmacoinformatics has a major influence in the development of pharmacogenetics and its individual applications including improving drug safety. Pharmacoinformatics will play a major role in the future development and practice of pharmacovigilance. The present chapter is aimed at providing the readers an insight into the importance and basic concepts of pharmacovigilance, and the process involved in it. Application of pharmacoinformatics in improving drug safety at various levels from an industry, regulatory and hospital perspective is discussed.

Analyzing the Role of Health Information Technology in Global Health Care

2017 ◽  
pp. 694-714
Author(s):  
Kijpokin Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health It ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Global Health Care

This chapter explains the perspectives on global health, the overview of health information technology (health IT), the applications of electronic health record (EHR), and the importance of health IT in global health care. Health IT is the area of IT involving the design, development, creation, utilization, and maintenance of information systems for the health care industry. Health IT makes it possible for health care providers to better manage patient care through the secure use and sharing of health information. Effective health IT can lower costs, improve efficiency, and reduce medical error, while providing better patient care and service. The chapter argues that utilizing health IT has the potential to enhance health care performance and reach strategic goals in global health care.

Analyzing the Role of Health Information Technology in Global Health Care

2017 ◽  
pp. 287-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijpokin Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health It ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Global Health Care

This chapter explains the perspectives on global health, the overview of health information technology (health IT), the applications of electronic health record (EHR), and the importance of health IT in global health care. Health IT is the area of IT involving the design, development, creation, utilization, and maintenance of information systems for the health care industry. Health IT makes it possible for health care providers to better manage patient care through the secure use and sharing of health information. Effective health IT can lower costs, improve efficiency, and reduce medical error, while providing better patient care and service. The chapter argues that utilizing health IT has the potential to enhance health care performance and reach strategic goals in global health care.

scholarly journals Analyzing Information Seeking and Drug-Safety Alert Response by Health Care Professionals as New Methods for Surveillance

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. e204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Callahan ◽  
Igor Pernek ◽  
Gregor Stiglic ◽  
Jure Leskovec ◽  
Howard R Strasberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Safety Alert

scholarly journals Does Licensing of Health Care Professionals Improve Health Care?

2007 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Randall G. Holcombe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
High Quality Health Care

ABSTRACT If government licensing of health care professionals were eliminated, a wide range of private sector alternatives would emerge to replace current licensing systems. Some of those systems, such as private sector regulatory agencies and brand names, could play a large role in ensuring high-quality health care, and other mechanisms, such as board certification and hospital practicing privileges, already are in place. Non-governmental mechanisms to ensure high-quality health care would work better if all government restrictions on health care professionals were eliminated.

scholarly journals Survey of health informatics education in Finland in 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Tolonen ◽  
Alpo Värri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Technology Education ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health It ◽  
Health Care Workforce ◽  
Information Technology Education ◽  
It Education

The European Union and the USA collaborate in developing the skills of the application of information technology in the health care workforce. A part of this activity is a project which studies the gaps in the present education and proposes methods of filling these gaps. The objective of this paper is to identify the existing IT related education to the health care work force in Finland. A secondary objective was to get an impression of the experience and attitudes of the members of this workforce about health IT education. This paper presents the results of the survey of how information technology is educated to the students of the health care professions in Finland in the year 2017. In addition to literature search including also the study guides of many major health care professional education organizations, 24 telephone interviews of health care professionals in different fields in Finland were made. The results show that although basic information technology education is often available at every level of education, it is expected that the health care professionals learn to use the health information systems during their training periods or later in working life. The interviews showed that the given education varied considerably and some of the personnel had received no or only a little education on IT during studies. As the amount and quality of on-the-job information technology education varies, many health care professionals are not able to fully benefit from the information systems if their general feeling is that they just “survive” from daily activities with them. The results lead to suggest that the health professional degrees should contain at least a minimal amount of relevant health IT education which is tested with an exam and that the present health care workforce should receive ear-marked in-service training in the use of health information technology based on the needs of the individual.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Utilization of Information Technology Among Health Care Professionals and Students in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: A Case Study of a University Teaching Hospital

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. e45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim S Bello ◽  
Fatiu A Arogundade ◽  
Abubakr A Sanusi ◽  
Ikechi T Ezeoma ◽  
Emmanuel A Abioye-Kuteyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
University Teaching

scholarly journals Identification of Factors Influencing the Adoption of Health Information Technology by Nurses Who Are Digitally Lagging: In-Depth Interview Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline A De Leeuw ◽  
Hetty Woltjer ◽  
Rudolf B Kool
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Digital Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Digital Training

BACKGROUND The introduction of health information technology (HIT) has drastically changed health care organizations and the way health care professionals work. Some health care professionals have trouble coping efficiently with the demands of HIT and the personal and professional changes it requires. Lagging in digital knowledge and skills hampers health care professionals from adhering to professional standards regarding the use of HIT and may cause professional performance problems, especially in the older professional population. It is important to gain more insight into the reasons and motivations behind the technology issues experienced by these professionals, as well as to explore what could be done to solve them. OBJECTIVE Our primary research objective was to identify factors that influence the adoption of HIT in a sample of nurses who describe themselves as digitally lagging behind the majority of their colleagues in their workplaces. Furthermore, we aimed to formulate recommendations for practice and leadership on how to help and guide these nurses through ongoing digital transformations in their health care work settings. METHODS In a Dutch university medical center, 10 face-to-face semi-structured interviews were performed with registered nurses (RN). Ammenwerth’s FITT-framework (fit between the Individual, Task, and Technology) was used to guide the interview topic list and to formulate themes to explore. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. The FITT-framework was also used to further interpret and clarify the interview findings. RESULTS Analyses of the interview data uncovered 5 main categories and 12 subthemes. The main categories were: (1) experience with digital working, (2) perception and meaning, (3) barriers, (4) facilitators, and (5) future perspectives. All participants used electronic devices and digital systems, including the electronic health record. The latter was experienced by some as user-unfriendly, time-consuming, and not supportive in daily professional practice. Most of the interviewees described digital working as “no fun at all,” “working in a fake world,” “stressful,” and “annoying.” There was a lack of general digital knowledge and little or no formal basic digital training or education. A negative attitude toward computer use and a lack of digital skills contributed to feelings of increased incompetency and postponement or avoidance of the use of HIT, both privately and professionally. Learning conditions of digital training and education did not meet personal learning needs and learning styles. A positive impact was seen in the work environment when colleagues and nurse managers were aware and sensitive to the difficulties participants experienced in developing digital skills, and when there was continuous training on the job and peer support from digitally savvy colleagues. The availability of a digital play environment combined with learning on the job and support of knowledgeable peers was experienced as helpful and motivating by participants. CONCLUSIONS Nurses who are digitally lagging often have had insufficient and ineffective digital education. This leads to stress, frustration, feelings of incompetency, and postponement or avoidance of HIT use. A digital training approach tailored to the learning needs and styles of these nurses is needed, as well as an on-the-job training structure and adequate peer support. Hospital management and nurse leadership should be informed about the importance of the fit between technology, task, and the individual for adequate adoption of HIT.

scholarly journals The Australian Health Care Agreements - a teaching hospital perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Julia Davison
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Hospital Perspective ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Reform Needs ◽  
The Continuum

The Australian Health Care Agreements (AHCAs) are important for patients, health care professionals and hospital CEOs alike. The current agreements have not been fully effective in promoting necessary reforms, and this paper suggests priority areas for attention in the next round. Five areas for targeted reform are suggested. These are pharmaceuticals, workforce planning, continuum of care across settings, education and research, and safety and quality. It is time to give some radical thought to the role and scope of the AHCAs. Healthcare policy reform needs to be across the continuum of care.

‘Let’s Talk About Technology!’: Qualitative Study of Stakeholders’ Perspectives on eHealth Support in Colorectal Cancer Survivorship. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Lunde Huseboe
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
End Users ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Technology Competence ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
Informal Carers

BACKGROUND Background: eHealth interventions may represent a way forward in following up colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ post-hospital discharge, to support the patients in coping with the illness, and to strengthen their self-management and increase their quality of life. By involving the end users of eHealth in co-creation processes when designing eHealth solutions, an acceptable and relevant product can be secured. Stakeholders’ perspectives could aid the closing of the gap between research-developed products and the implementation of eHealth services in real-life scenarios. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the views of CRC patients, their informal carers and health care professionals on information technology and the design of eHealth support in CRC care. METHODS A qualitative, explorative design was applied to perform 30 semi-structured individual interviews with thirteen CRC patients, nine informal carers and nine health care professionals recruited via a gastro-surgical ward at a university hospital in south-western Norway. A semi-structured interview guide was used for data collection, and data was analyzed by systematic text condensation. RESULTS Participants described the diverse experiences of CRC patients seeking information online. Age and technology competence were highlighted as influencers of the use of information technology. Patients rarely received advice from health care professionals about relevant and secure websites containing information on CRC diagnosis and treatments. Features of desired eHealth interventions in following up CRC patients were patient education, monitoring of health, and communication with health care professionals. CONCLUSIONS Several elements affect the activities of CRC patients seeking health information. Age, inexperience of computer technology, and lack of facility in accessing online resources of health information may reduce the CRC patient’s ability to engage in decision-making processes regarding illness and treatment. An eHealth service for CRC patients should may comprise features for information, education and support for self-management, and should aim to be individually adapted to the patient’s age and technology competence. Involving the end users of eHealth services is necessary to ensure tailored services of high quality that are perceived as user-friendly and relevant to the end-users. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

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