Standardization

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-96
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cloud Provider ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
Cloud Interoperability ◽  
Lock In ◽  
Computing Landscape

The importance of cloud computing standards is the same as the World Wide Web standardization. There are plenty of prevalent standards around cloud computing that make different aspects of cloud computing possible. Standardization is a key answer and solution to the main question in this book (i.e., whether cloud computing will survive and remain on IT trends track or not). Standardization will bring interoperability, integration, and portability to the cloud computing landscape. With these three features, the main elements of IT (i.e., computation and data) can move from one cloud provider to another. Therefore, it eliminates vendor lock-in that is one of the barriers in cloud adoption. In addition, cloud interoperability will minimize cloud fragmentation. We need interoperability and portability to achieve cloud federation and to build hybrid cloud. In addition, there is still no de facto standard for moving workloads or data among different clouds. Cloud standardization needs to be addressed at various layers of a cloud infrastructure such as: virtual machine format, data, interface, context, and identity layers. This chapter reviews the emerging standards from the perspective of various organizations and standard bodies.

The Internet

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Freedom Of Information Act ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Of The Internet

The internet is now the main way in which information is obtained. Chapter 13 considers the internet from a legal perspective, focusing on information and its disclosure. It seeks to provide a non-technical description of the operation of the internet as exemplified by the world wide web. It discusses the use of the internet by bodies subject to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and other statutes and outlines some of the pitfalls of such use. For instance, a publication of information on a website operated from England may expose the publisher to civil or criminal liability in any country of the world on the basis of the law of those countries. The chapter explains the meaning of cookies, cloud computing, hackers, crackers and viruses. and discusses the problems of determining jurisdiction and seeking enforcement.

Software-Defined Cloud Infrastructure

2018 ◽  
pp. 108-123
Author(s):  
R. Mohanasundaram ◽  
A. Jayanthiladevi ◽  
Keerthana G.
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
General Population ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Software As A Service ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure As A Service ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
The World

Cloud computing suggests that the applications conveyed as services over the internet and frameworks programming in the server that give various services and offers in “pay as you go” trend which means pay only for what you use. The information and services are managed as software as a service (SaaS). Some sellers utilize terms, for example, IaaS (infrastructure as a service) and PaaS (platform as a service). The purpose of cloud computing is quickly expanding in everyday life. Today the use of cloud computing is widespread to the point that it is being utilized even in the medicinal services industry. As the development of cloud computing in healthcare is happening at a fast rate, we can expect a noteworthy piece of the healthcare administrations to move onto the Cloud and along these lines more focus is laid on giving cost-effective and efficient services to the general population all around the world. Cloud these days are turning into the new building pieces of significant organizations spread the world over. They offer assistance in servicing to offer different frameworks. Cloud computing has enhanced its technique and technologies in a better way to provide better services. Existing e-healthcare has many difficulties from advancement to usage. In this chapter, the authors discuss how cloud computing is utilized and the services provided by the Cloud and their models and its infrastructure.

When the Future Finally Arrives

2012 ◽  
pp. 1738-1751
Author(s):  
Matt Crosslin
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web 3.0 ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter examines how the World Wide Web could possibly change over the next 10 years into a concept increasingly being referred to as “Web 3.0,” and how these changes might affect education. It examines how Web 3.0 concepts such as cloud computing, the Semantic Web, and the three-dimensional (3-D) Web are currently being explored and realized. A possible future online learning scenario is also described and analyzed to help visualize these possibilities for education. The author hopes that providing an understanding of and insight into how the Internet and related technologies may continue to develop and evolve in the next several years will help educators be better prepared for the future of online learning.

scholarly journals Challenges and Issues of E-Learning Using Education Cloud – A Review in Context of Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Saifallah Al Kati ◽  
Muhammad Asif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Teaching Online ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning

During the recent Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic the traditional education system almost halted throughout the world. However, in order to continue with the education without wasting students time most of the countries transferred their teaching online. Although the online teaching is widely used but there are many challenges and security issues specially when the education is disseminated using education cloud. In this article we examine and review such challenges and security issues that may impact students and teachers in various educational institutions in Saudi Arabia. A review of hybrid cloud model is presented in order to benefit across institutions. The research also articulates different ways which can be adopted by educational institutions to provide smooth online teaching due to pandemic of covid-19. We also present some solutions that may help overcome challenges and secure a robust cloud infrastructure.

When the Future Finally Arrives

2010 ◽  
pp. 380-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Crosslin
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web 3.0 ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter examines how the World Wide Web could possibly change over the next 10 years into a concept increasingly being referred to as “Web 3.0,” and how these changes might affect education. It examines how Web 3.0 concepts such as cloud computing, the Semantic Web, and the three-dimensional (3-D) Web are currently being explored and realized. A possible future online learning scenario is also described and analyzed to help visualize these possibilities for education. The author hopes that providing an understanding of and insight into how the Internet and related technologies may continue to develop and evolve in the next several years will help educators be better prepared for the future of online learning.

Technology Advances Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-270
Author(s):  
Robert I. Rotberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Major Data

Africa’s technological revolution is well underway, is transformative for human and economic development and greatly influences the conduct of politics. Where Africans were once relatively uninformed about the alternatives available to them in the spheres of political participation, economic path dependency, and social progress, now the glories of the World Wide Web, Google, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and straightforward SMS have brought the globe’s myriad opportunities and experiences to their urban and village dwellings. Amazon, Microsoft, and Huawei are all rolling out major data centers (cloud computing hubs) in South Africa and East Africa. The emergence of Africa’s middle class is facilitated by this new technologically enabled knowledge. Even remote villagers are able to feel a part of something all-encompassing. Technology has expanded horizons, enlarged existing vistas, and provided a solid foundation for further innovative embraces of the global village in the decades ahead—when there will be many more young Africans to build upon such existing edifices. Things no longer fall apart.

scholarly journals Secure Record Linkage of Large Health Data Sets: Evaluation of a Hybrid Cloud Model

10.2196/18920 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e18920
Author(s):  
Adrian Paul Brown ◽  
Sean M Randall
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Amazon Web Services

Background The linking of administrative data across agencies provides the capability to investigate many health and social issues with the potential to deliver significant public benefit. Despite its advantages, the use of cloud computing resources for linkage purposes is scarce, with the storage of identifiable information on cloud infrastructure assessed as high risk by data custodians. Objective This study aims to present a model for record linkage that utilizes cloud computing capabilities while assuring custodians that identifiable data sets remain secure and local. Methods A new hybrid cloud model was developed, including privacy-preserving record linkage techniques and container-based batch processing. An evaluation of this model was conducted with a prototype implementation using large synthetic data sets representative of administrative health data. Results The cloud model kept identifiers on premises and uses privacy-preserved identifiers to run all linkage computations on cloud infrastructure. Our prototype used a managed container cluster in Amazon Web Services to distribute the computation using existing linkage software. Although the cost of computation was relatively low, the use of existing software resulted in an overhead of processing of 35.7% (149/417 min execution time). Conclusions The result of our experimental evaluation shows the operational feasibility of such a model and the exciting opportunities for advancing the analysis of linkage outputs.

scholarly journals Secure Record Linkage of Large Health Data Sets: Evaluation of a Hybrid Cloud Model (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Paul Brown ◽  
Sean M Randall
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Amazon Web Services

BACKGROUND The linking of administrative data across agencies provides the capability to investigate many health and social issues with the potential to deliver significant public benefit. Despite its advantages, the use of cloud computing resources for linkage purposes is scarce, with the storage of identifiable information on cloud infrastructure assessed as high risk by data custodians. OBJECTIVE This study aims to present a model for record linkage that utilizes cloud computing capabilities while assuring custodians that identifiable data sets remain secure and local. METHODS A new hybrid cloud model was developed, including privacy-preserving record linkage techniques and container-based batch processing. An evaluation of this model was conducted with a prototype implementation using large synthetic data sets representative of administrative health data. RESULTS The cloud model kept identifiers on premises and uses privacy-preserved identifiers to run all linkage computations on cloud infrastructure. Our prototype used a managed container cluster in Amazon Web Services to distribute the computation using existing linkage software. Although the cost of computation was relatively low, the use of existing software resulted in an overhead of processing of 35.7% (149/417 min execution time). CONCLUSIONS The result of our experimental evaluation shows the operational feasibility of such a model and the exciting opportunities for advancing the analysis of linkage outputs.

scholarly journals Application level interoperability on IaaS cloud migration

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Soffa Zahara ◽  
Surya Sumpeno ◽  
Istas Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Cloud Migration ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Cloud Providers ◽  
Improvement Method ◽  
Lock In

The increasing awareness of people about several benefits using cloud computing technology caused a lot of organizations, companies, and agencies are switching from utilizing physical infrastructure to cloud infrastructure, especially IaaS. Considering the strong market enthusiastic about cloud computing, cloud companies were racing competitions offer the best products with various advantages. In the process of utilizing cloud computing technology there are circumstances in which the company wants to move its infrastructure to other cloud providers caused by various aspects in order to meet better expectations of to the new provider. However, there are many obstacles in practice in the process of transfer system between two different environment or can be called migration. One of them is a vendor lock-in that caused system cannot be function properly especially application functionality after migration. This paper introduces improvement method of testing interoperability between systems that were migrated between different cloud providers which use different hypervisor technology. We also conduct interoperability application testing between several cloud providers.

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