Diversity or Dilemma

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Aumio Srizan Samya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Care Services ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex With Men

Sexuality, masculinities and gender roles are interconnected in many aspects. The construction of gender among men and women is influenced by sexuality. Bangladesh is predominantly influenced by Muslim socio-cultural values as more than 85% people follow Islam as their religion. Islam does not allow the space for homosexuality. Hence, MSM (Men who have Sex with Men) people are perceived, viewed and identified as deviant, outcast and sinners. They are deprived of basic human rights, access to proper education, health care services and so on. MSM people are often forced to marry a woman as it is believed that it will ‘cure' their ‘problem' and mainstream them into society. Hence, they are forced to compromise not only as a citizen but also an individual. Such oppression is pushing MSM people in Dhaka not only to the edges but also making them silent and almost invisible from the society.

Diversity or Dilemma

2021 ◽  
pp. 599-614
Author(s):  
Aumio Srizan Samya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Care Services ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex With Men

Sexuality, masculinities and gender roles are interconnected in many aspects. The construction of gender among men and women is influenced by sexuality. Bangladesh is predominantly influenced by Muslim socio-cultural values as more than 85% people follow Islam as their religion. Islam does not allow the space for homosexuality. Hence, MSM (Men who have Sex with Men) people are perceived, viewed and identified as deviant, outcast and sinners. They are deprived of basic human rights, access to proper education, health care services and so on. MSM people are often forced to marry a woman as it is believed that it will ‘cure' their ‘problem' and mainstream them into society. Hence, they are forced to compromise not only as a citizen but also an individual. Such oppression is pushing MSM people in Dhaka not only to the edges but also making them silent and almost invisible from the society.

Race and gender as factors in access to health insurance and utilization of health care services

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana J. Ferradas ◽  
G. Nicole Rider ◽  
Johanna D. Williams ◽  
Brittany J. Dancy ◽  
Lauren R. Mcghee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals The ecology of medical care in Norway: wide use of general practitioners may not necessarily keep patients out of hospitals

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Helen Hansen ◽  
Peder A. Halvorsen ◽  
Olav Helge Førde
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

<em>Background</em>. Our aim was to investigate the pattern of self reported symptoms and utilisation of health care services in Norway. <em>Design and methods.</em> With data from the cross-sectional Tromsø Study (2007-8), we estimated population proportions reporting symptoms and use of seven different health services. By logistic regression we estimated differences according to age and gender. <em>Results</em>. 12,982 persons aged 30-87 years participated, 65.7% of those invited. More than 900/1000 reported symptoms or health problems in a year as well as in a month, and 214/1000 and 816/1000 visited a general practitioner once or more in a month and a year, respectively. The corresponding figures were 91/1000 and 421/1000 for specialist outpatient visits, and 14/1000 and 116/1000 for hospitalisations. Physiotherapists were visited by 210/1000, chiropractors by 76/1000, complementary and alternative medical providers by 127/1000, and dentists by 692/1000 in a year. Women used most health care services more than men, but genders used hospitalisations and chiropractors equally. Utilisation of all services increased with age, except chiropractors, dentists and complementary and alternative medical providers. <em>Conclusions</em>. Almost the entire population reported health related problems during the previous year, and most residents visited a general practitioner. Yet there were high rates of inpatient and outpatient specialist utilisation. We suggest that wide use of general practitioners may not necessarily keep patients out of specialist care and hospitals.

Conscientious Objection to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: International Human Rights Standards and European Law and Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Zampas ◽  
Ximena Andión-Ibañez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
European Court

Abstract The practice of conscientious objection often arises in the area of individuals refusing to fulfil compulsory military service requirements and is based on the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion as protected by national, international and regional human rights law. The practice of conscientious objection also arises in the field of health care, when individual health care providers or institutions refuse to provide certain health services based on religious, moral or philosophical objections. The use of conscientious objection by health care providers to reproductive health care services, including abortion, contraceptive prescriptions, and prenatal tests, among other services is a growing phenomena throughout Europe. However, despite recent progress from the European Court of Human Rights on this issue (RR v. Poland, 2011), countries and international and regional bodies generally have failed to comprehensively and effectively regulate this practice, denying many women reproductive health care services they are legally entitled to receive. The Italian Ministry of Health reported that in 2008 nearly 70% of gynaecologists in Italy refuse to perform abortions on moral grounds. It found that between 2003 and 2007 the number of gynaecologists invoking conscientious objection in their refusal to perform an abortion rose from 58.7 percent to 69.2 percent. Italy is not alone in Europe, for example, the practice is prevalent in Poland, Slovakia, and is growing in the United Kingdom. This article outlines the international and regional human rights obligations and medical standards on this issue, and highlights some of the main gaps in these standards. It illustrates how European countries regulate or fail to regulate conscientious objection and how these regulations are working in practice, including examples of jurisprudence from national level courts and cases before the European Court of Human Rights. Finally, the article will provide recommendations to national governments as well as to international and regional bodies on how to regulate conscientious objection so as to both respect the practice of conscientious objection while protecting individual’s right to reproductive health care.

scholarly journals Disclosure of Sexual Behavior Is Significantly Associated With Receiving a Panel of Health Care Services Recommended for Men Who Have Sex With Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 803-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidisha Singh ◽  
Richard A. Crosby ◽  
Beau Gratzer ◽  
Pamina M. Gorbach ◽  
Lauri E. Markowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Sex With Men

Providing Housing and Care to Elderly Homeless Men and Women in Australia

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Lipmann
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Basic Health Care ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Homeless Men

People who are unemployed and who lack the resources to buy adequate food, shelter, or basic health care services face an endless struggle to survive. It is frequently a degrading and humiliating experience. The elderly homeless, who are often frail and sick, are particularly disadvantaged in this struggle. Yet resources are often available to welfare providers to care for the aged homeless. All that is needed is a willingness for providers and government agencies to acknowledge the existence of homelessness among the elderly and be prepared to alleviate the problem.

scholarly journals A Human Rights-Based Approach to Maternal and Child Health in Ethiopia: Does it Matter to Promote Health Equities?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Tekle Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Child Health

A rights-based approach to health helps to address health equity gaps. While several aspects of health as a human right exist, this chapter highlights particular indicators relevant to shaping a human rights approach to maternal and child health in Ethiopia. These indicators include recognition of the right to health; national health plan; accessible and acceptable health-care services; accountability; and a civil society that draws on the agency of vulnerable groups. Probing the extent to which the Ethiopian health system includes these features, this chapter identifies that the Federal Constitution does not adequately recognize maternal and child health as a human right. While identifying the positive developments of increased access to women’s and children’s health-care services in Ethiopia, the chapter also charts problems that limit further improvement, including health workers’ inability from making the right health-care decisions; extreme gaps in ensuring accountability; and a restrictive law that restrains social mobilization for a proper health rights movement. The chapter concludes by providing recommendations to the government of Ethiopia that addressing these problems using a rights-based approach offers an alternative pathway for the progressive realization of the right to health of women and children, and it thereby improves health inequities in the country.

scholarly journals Efecto de la estigmatización del VIH/SIDA en usuarios de drogas intravenosas en el acceso a los servicios sanitarios según género

2010 ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Mora Torres ◽  
Yina Lizeth García López ◽  
Manuela García de la Hera ◽  
María del Carmen Davó
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abusers ◽  
Specific Health

<p>Se ha elaborado un estudio con enfoque cualitativo basado en encuestas semiestructuradas, en el periodo 2007-2008, de usuarios de drogas intravenosas de los Centros de Información y Prevención del Sida. Los profesionales, que atienden de forma esporádica a pacientes VIH los estigmatizan en mayor medida debido a la desinformación, miedo y falta de empatía. Se detecta diferente comportamiento de uso en ex consumidores de drogas. Las mujeres se ajustan más a las normas y son menos conflictivas, se desenganchan más y recaen menos. A las mujeres se les atiende rápidamente en los servicios sanitarios no específicos. Ambos sexos usan estrategias contra la estigmatización.</p><p>We have performed, in 2007-2008, based upon questionnaires, a qualitative study of intravenous drug abusers from Centres for Information and AIDS prevention. Among health professionals, those who occasionally see AIDS patients do stigmatise them more for lack of information, fear and lack of empathy. Men and women behave differently when they are no longer drug abusers. Women adapt more to the norms, are less conflictive, kick the habit on a larger scale, and relapse less than men. Women are more quickly taken care when accessing non specific health-care services. Both sexes use strategies against stigmatization.<br /><br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Regional and gender variation in mortality amenable to health care services in Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Lenzi ◽  
Paola Rucci ◽  
Giuseppe Franchino ◽  
Gianfranco Domenighetti ◽  
Gianfranco Damiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
National Level ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Amenable Mortality ◽  
Care Services ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
And Gender

Background: Mortality amenable to health care services (“amenable mortality”) has been defined as “premature deaths that should not occur in the presence of timely and effective health care” and as “conditions for which effective clinical interventions exist”. Although it proved to be a reliable indicator of performance of health care services in the European countries at national level, evidence about its regional variation is limited. We analyzed the regional and gender variability in the performance of health care services using the amenable mortality rate and its contribution to all-cause mortality under age 75 for the period 2006–2009. Methods: The national amenable mortality rate was calculated as the average annual number of deaths for specific causes defined according to the list of Nolte and McKee over the average population aged 0–74 years per 100,000 inhabitants in Italy. The contribution of amenable mortality to all-cause mortality (%AM) was calculated as the ratio of amenable mortality rate to all-cause mortality rate. Results were then stratified by gender, region, and year. Data were drawn from national mortality statistics for the period 2006–2009 provided by the Italian Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Results: During the index period, in Italy the age and sex-standardized death rate amenable to health care services (SDR) was 62.4 per 100,000 inhabitants: 65.8 per 100,000 for males and 59.0 for females. Amenable mortality accounted for about one-quarter (25.3%) of total mortality under age 75: one-fifth (20.1%) for males and one-third (32.9%) for females. Southern Italy generally had higher levels of amenable mortality, both in terms of SDR and %AM, except for Puglia. However, SDRs and %AM had a different geographical pattern, which was consistent for men and women. Examination of temporal trends revealed that SDR linearly declined between 2006 and 2009 (63.9 to 61.7 per 100,000; % change = –3.4%; p = 0.021), while %AM was almost stable (25.1% to 25.7%; % change = +2.4%; p = 0.120). Piedmont, Lombardy, the autonomous province of Trento, Veneto and Campania had a linear decrease in SDR, while Abruzzo had a linear increase in SDR. Puglia had a linear increase in %AM. Conclusions: The present study contributes additional evidence on the role of amenable mortality as a synthetic indicator of the effectiveness of health care services. We argue that, in a decentralized health care system such as the Italian one, regional stratification is needed to put amenable mortality into the context of the regional specificities of health care provision. We also demonstrated that it is important to consider both SDRs and %AM, because this latter measure can give an insight on the extent to which health services can contribute to ameliorating the health of a population. Thus, consideration of both SDRs and %AM can be useful for national and regional comparisons, and can constitute the basis for evidence-based policy decision making.

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