The Outlook of Female Labor in Turkey in the Context of Social Gender Perception from a Global Perspective

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-139
Author(s):  
Eda Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Cheap Labor ◽  
Gender Perception ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labor Pool

Women have been seen as cheap labor and have participated in the economic life less than their male counterparts since the Industrial Revolution, where they joined the waged labor pool. Though the reasons for the women's low participation in the workforce are various; Turkey's current social structure in particular and the social gender perception which acts as the base of this structure emerge as key determinants. For this reason, establishing the general status of female labor in Turkey and comparing the international and national statistical data from a global perspective around the social gender inequality and the distribution of labor based on social gender is the purpose of this study.

The Outlook of Female Labor in Turkey in the Context of Social Gender Perception from a Global Perspective

2017 ◽  
pp. 2025-2050
Author(s):  
Eda Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Cheap Labor ◽  
Gender Perception ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labor Pool

Women have been seen as cheap labor and have participated in the economic life less than their male counterparts since the Industrial Revolution, where they joined the waged labor pool. Though the reasons for the women's low participation in the workforce are various; Turkey's current social structure in particular and the social gender perception which acts as the base of this structure emerge as key determinants. For this reason, establishing the general status of female labor in Turkey and comparing the international and national statistical data from a global perspective around the social gender inequality and the distribution of labor based on social gender is the purpose of this study.

The Impact of New Technology on Society and Workforce in Production in the Era of Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 1202-1218
Author(s):  
Cem Zafer ◽  
Pelin Vardarlier
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The industrial revolution, which took place in the 20th century, is the first step of similar developments in the ongoing centuries. In the first steps of this century, the use of steam machines in production is the first steps of a more serial and systematic production structure. With the advancing developments up to the industrial revolution or Industry 4.0, a structure quite different from the initial stage was formed. In the most general sense, the Industry 4.0 structure, defined as the internet of objects, emerges with a more systematic and self-functioning structure discourse in its production activities, but its effects are not only related to production activities. As a matter of fact, the use of Industry 4.0 at the point reached, human resources, employment, social classes, communities, and so on. It is thought to be effective on the structures. In this context, in this study, the effects of the social impacts of these processes and the ways in which Industry 4.0 can create a social structure have been explained.

scholarly journals Sustainability in a Digital Age as a Trigger for Organizational Development in Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Nina Grünberger ◽  
Petra Szucsich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Education System ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Single Solution

AbstractAs we all know the terms sustainability and digitization are often used these days to describe current social challenges from a global perspective. In order to face these challenges, it is clear that we need an efficient and future-oriented education system. The question arises if the challenges in relation to climate change and digitization change these (learning) organizations as well? And, if yes, in what way? As this chapter points out, sustainability can be regarded as a trigger for an extensive organizational development focusing on ecological, economic (e.g. regarding learning outcomes and assessment) and social aspects. As a consequence, the social structure of the various actors in educational organizations as well as the way in which they interact with each other may/will change as well. In addition to that, climate change and digitization are both so-called wicked problems as there is neither a single solution nor a stringent strategy on how to cope with them.

The Impact of New Technology on Society and Workforce in Production in the Era of Industry 4.0

2020 ◽  
pp. 395-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Zafer ◽  
Pelin Vardarlier
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The industrial revolution, which took place in the 20th century, is the first step of similar developments in the ongoing centuries. In the first steps of this century, the use of steam machines in production is the first steps of a more serial and systematic production structure. With the advancing developments up to the industrial revolution or Industry 4.0, a structure quite different from the initial stage was formed. In the most general sense, the Industry 4.0 structure, defined as the internet of objects, emerges with a more systematic and self-functioning structure discourse in its production activities, but its effects are not only related to production activities. As a matter of fact, the use of Industry 4.0 at the point reached, human resources, employment, social classes, communities, and so on. It is thought to be effective on the structures. In this context, in this study, the effects of the social impacts of these processes and the ways in which Industry 4.0 can create a social structure have been explained.

Captains of the Revolution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Carlen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Revolution

The Industrial Revolution that began in 18th-century Britain would, in fairly short order, transform Western Europe, North America, and other regions of the world irreversibly. This momentous change would compel government, church, and other institutions to make unprecedented and often reluctant adjustments to the social structure. These entities were reacting to a revolution but who actually instigated it? Savvy and inventive British entrepreneurs did—the “captains” of new industries. Many of these remarkable figures and their often unintended impact on the world around them are discussed in this chapter.

Gregory King and the Social Structure of pre-industrial England

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 41-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Post War

Despite the rich and exciting work of recent years, the social history of England between the Restoration and the Industrial Revolution still bears something of a hangdog look, scarcely war-ranting, as yet, the cosmic conclusions and ferocious controversies to which students of early Stuart and early nineteenth-century society have grown accustomed. Yet, thanks to the work of one remarkable Englishman, who was born in 1648 and died in 1712, there is one aspect of this pre-industrial period—its social structure—on which we are all happy to pontificate. Gregory King's table of ranks and degrees, on which in the last resort so much of this confidence rests, has now acquired a unique cachet. The continual reproduction in post-war textbooks of this famous document, which we think of as King's ‘social table’ but which he described as his ‘Scheme of the Income and Expense of the Several Famillies of England’, is just the most obvious symptom of its dominant historiographical influence.

Plebeian Catholics in the 1640s and 1650s1

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Blackwood
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Catholic Priests ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Post-Reformation Catholicism in England is popularly associated with the gentry before the Industrial Revolution and with the Irish urban proletariat afterwards. I have insufficient knowledge to comment on the social structure of post-eighteenth century Catholicism, but in my opinion historians, such as Professor Bossy, Mr. Aveling and, to a lesser extent, Dr. Haigh, have rightly emphasised the part played by the gentry in the expansion, or at least survival, of Roman Catholicism during the early seventeenth century. The gentry were arguably the most important social group in England and were best able to provide the necessary shelter and finance for the Catholic priests who operated in an intermittently hostile Protestant state. Indeed, I am inclined to agree with Professor Bossy that without the gentry there would have been no Catholic community. But community there was, and the gentry formed only part of it. It is the other part—the plebeian element—which is considered in this paper.

Rediscovering Inequality and Class Analysis in Post-1989 Slovakia

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Fabo
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Radical Transformation

The onset of the Velvet Revolution in 1989 led to a radical transformation of the social structure and new types of economic inequalities in Slovakia, but the media, academia, and civil society initially rejected any talk of these developments in terms of class, seeing the topic as potentially toxic to democracy. There was a tendency to veer away from the study of new social stratification toward research on postmaterialist topics such as environmental protection, civil rights, and alternative subcultures. Those social scientists who did study the changing social structure mostly analyzed statistical data without linking this to a broader theoretical framework. Social classes came to be discussed in gradational rather than relational terms, without discussion of how one group’s new privileges comes at the expense of others. In the early 2000s, radical neoliberal thinking became prominent, leading to the pervasive presentation of the poor and working poor as themselves responsible for their own fate. A backlash against that led to the triumph of the SMER party in 2006, which allowed topics such as poverty and social justice to return to everyday political discourse, and in this sense allowed for the return of class into politics. A younger generation of Slovak social scientists now regularly criticize the cult of the market and argue for an alternative political economy, though ongoing neoliberal hegemony in public discourse continues to make it hard for these new voices to be heard.

scholarly journals Conception et interprétation en géographie humaine

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 5-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Geographic Factor ◽  
Industrial Civilization ◽  
The One

Human geography is torn between two tendencies : the ecological tendency examines man in interrelation with the natural environment, the chorological tendency places the accent on the changes which man bas produced in the landscape. Man, in this sense, is a genuine geographic factor. There are two extreme positions : one tends to point out the role of determinismof the natural environment, the other seeks « the key to geographical explanation » in the culture of man. By means of examples taken in part from his own research, the author, while according an essential place to culture in geographical interpretation, draws attention to the fact that culture itself is explained in large part by its genetic environment. For example, one could not imagine the peasant cultures of l'Asie verteand the ideal of nomad and urban life of l'Asie fauve —marked by the imprint of Islam —being interchanged, the one for the other. The expansion of peoples of western civilization, first of all, and then the ubiquity of industrial civilization, appear to contradict an ecological conception of the relation between man and environment. But the industrial revolution it self was favored by a combination of conditions that man was able to exploit and that explains the rise of western and central Europe, just as the lack of the conditions explains the technological immobility of the Mediterranean. Research into ecological correlations is not the essence of human geography. Human geography ought to remain « the description and interpretation »of the human elements of the landscape, of regions, and of continents. Its fundamental method remains observation. Spiritual factor s, biological factors, superior forms of economic life, and social structures are not of interest to human geography except in so far as they are evident in the physiognomy of areas. The interpretation, with delicate gradations as in all the social sciences, ought to be based simultaneously on the « influences of the environment »and on the resources of the culture of a given people. It thereby reflects both determinism and the freedom of choice in all human behaviour.

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