Copyright, Patent, and Trademark

Technological improvements have introduced many changes that attract not only the entire society but also companies. Companies that use technological opportunities take advantage of competition. In a rapidly changing world companies should be innovative and flexible to adapt to new technological developments. In this study, the authors investigate the relationship between firms' innovative activities in terms of patents, trademarks, and copyrights and female-dominated firms using some control variables at firm level.

The Effects of Industry 4.0 on Labor Force Attributes and New Challenges

Unmanned factories became a topic of discussion after the concept of Industry 4.0 was first introduced in the Hannover Fair in 2001, and increasing the computerization level in business life and supporting the production processes with advanced technology were determined as targets. In this regard, artificial intelligence and increased automation are expected to create new kinds of jobs in the coming years; however, a significant problem is predicted considering that these changes will invalidate a high number of job types exist today. Thus, the workforce will face a severe unemployment threat. As a result of all of this, radical changes in the work methods, along with means of seeking employment, are now considered. The qualities of the work and the workforce are being transformed along with the organization methods of the production. While on the other hand, it becomes evident that education also has to adapt to this transformation. In this study, the issues the labor might have to face during this period will be discussed, along with what could be done to solve these problems.

Platform Strategy for New Product Development

This chapter proves the mediating effect of product platform strategies on the relationship between a firm's subject, environment, and resources and the performance of new product development in the perspective of platform leadership. The author analyzed the mediating role of product platform strategy by considering CEO propensity, competition and customers, and competitiveness of retained resources. Compared to the past, in the perspective of platform leadership, the product platform strategy has a critical effect on the relationship between the business scope of a platform leader, the external relationship with complementors, and the internal organization of a platform leader impact on the performance of new product development. As a result of hierarchical regression analysis with the data of Korean high technology companies, the product platform strategy would be mediating the relationship between the antecedents such as CEO propensity, competition and customers, and competitiveness of retained resources and NPD performance.

New Strategy and Thinking in Global Business System

Because of the necessity of adopting the product and service to the rapidly changing needs of current customers, specialization in each supply chain has become more important. The companies from the same supply chain benefited from the collaboration in order to gain competitive advantage. This chapter first of all explains the current changes in business environment and define the new global business system and summarizes the common strategies to survive in this environment from related literature. It proposes a model of a smart supply chain management including agile organizations and mutual goal achievement of the firms and the members of the same supply chain at the end of the chapter. The aim of this chapter is providing a road map to todays and future organizations to be more competitive. It is believed that the chapter will be helpful for both professionals and academicians who have interest in strategy building process and creating competitive advantage.

The Control of Transfer Pricing of Corporations by Blockchain Technology

The globalization movements that had emerged in the last century have not only influenced the world's social, political, and cultural structure, but also have influenced its economic structure as well. The globalization of the world economy makes locations and economic units between countries or regions interdependent on one another. The primary driving forces of this process include technological change and multinational enterprises. Thus, intercompany transactions are important for multinational enterprises. In recent years, discussions regarding the applicability of blockchain technology, or more commonly referred to as crypto coins, for the public sector have emerged. This study therefore attempts to explain the applicability of blockchain technology in relation to transfer pricing, and it clarifies (1) how blockchain technology represents a new approach to transfer pricing, (2) how blockchain technology reduces transfer pricing evasion, and (3) how blockchain technology increases both transparency and accountability.

Strategic Approach to Business Intelligence and Its Impacts on Organizational Performance

Organizational structures have changed as a result of the widespread use of information technology, as well as the development of software programs and its daily use in all departments. When such technologies became more widespread throughout every sector, enterprises began to understand its effectiveness and have established information technology department requirements in their organizations. With time, these requirements have become integrated into whole organizations, thereby increasing the importance of business intelligence. Competitors, increasing uncertainties, and risks of the sector have resulted in the further development of the concept of business intelligence to support organizations and senior management wishing to achieve a competitive advantage and make strategic decisions. In other words, analyzing data and sharing it among the departments within the organization became significantly important as senior management use this information to make strategic decisions.

Transformation of Marketing With Technology

Marketing lives as a living organism with its competitive environment and several internal conditions. Marketing functions should adapt to the world they are bound to and develop their activities by taking into account the changes and developments in micro and macro factors. With the increase in technology and the spread of social media, transformation in marketing has become inevitable. Advances in business applications have better results about understanding customer and markets. As previous studies examine artificial intelligence concept with different contexts, there is lack of integrated study which examine marketing and artificial intelligence together. This study proposes three-steps plan for implementing AI with marketing while it includes nine scenarios from different marketing goals. Study also has suggestions for implementing AI methodologies into business processes.

Robot Process Automation (RPA) and Its Future

Many software automation techniques have been developed in the last decade to cut down cost, improve customer satisfaction, and reduce errors. Robotic process automation (RPA) has become increasingly popular recently. RPA offers software robots (bots) that can mimic human behavior. Attended robots work in tandem with humans and can operate while the human agent is active on the computer. On the other hand, unattended robots operate behind locked screens and are designed to execute automations that don't require any human intervention. RPA robots are equipped with artificial intelligence engines such as computer vision and machine learning, and both robot types can learn automations by recording human actions.

The Impact of New Technology on Society and Workforce in Production in the Era of Industry 4.0

The industrial revolution, which took place in the 20th century, is the first step of similar developments in the ongoing centuries. In the first steps of this century, the use of steam machines in production is the first steps of a more serial and systematic production structure. With the advancing developments up to the industrial revolution or Industry 4.0, a structure quite different from the initial stage was formed. In the most general sense, the Industry 4.0 structure, defined as the internet of objects, emerges with a more systematic and self-functioning structure discourse in its production activities, but its effects are not only related to production activities. As a matter of fact, the use of Industry 4.0 at the point reached, human resources, employment, social classes, communities, and so on. It is thought to be effective on the structures. In this context, in this study, the effects of the social impacts of these processes and the ways in which Industry 4.0 can create a social structure have been explained.

Digitalization in Accounting Through Changing Technology and Accounting Engineering as an Adaptation Proposal

When the historical process of accounting is looked at, it is seen that there are revolutionary turning points such as development of double-entry bookkeeping method, uniform accounting system and international accounting standards practices, and use of computer software in accounting. Technology has initiated a radical transformation process by enabling the transfer of accounting to the digital platform. Involvement of accountants in this digital change process, their adaptation, and responses must be simultaneous. Students who are receiving accounting education should also be trained in this direction so that not only accountants but also future accountants will be able to adapt to digitalization. Accounting engineering is a model developed as a solution offer at this point. In this study, the concept of digital accounting and accounting engineering which emerged through the adaptation of accounting as an information system with new technologies will be discussed.