Application of Supercritical Technologies in Clean Energy Production

2017 ◽  
pp. 588-616
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anikeev ◽  
Khaled A. M. Gasem ◽  
Maohong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
The World ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Energy Processes ◽  
Supercritical Technologies

In this chapter the authors seek to acquaint the reader with unusual properties of supercritical fluids, and how these properties are used for various applications in the synthesis of biofuels and the intensification of energy processes and thermal cycles. The review includes the studies of leading scientists from around the world related to effective and environmentally friendly methods and technologies of energy acquisition and conversion involving the synthesis of motor fuels, materials and chemicals, solar energy conversion and thermal cycle efficiencies using supercritical fluids. A special place in the chapter is occupied by studies of the transformation of vegetable oils, algae and wood in supercritical alcohols, esters and water to produce biodiesel fuels and hydrogen.

Application of Supercritical Technologies in Clean Energy Production

2021 ◽  
pp. 792-821
Author(s):  
Valdimir Anikeev ◽  
Khaled A. M. Gasem ◽  
Maohong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
The World ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Energy Processes ◽  
Supercritical Technologies

In this chapter the authors seek to acquaint the reader with unusual properties of supercritical fluids, and how these properties are used for various applications in the synthesis of biofuels and the intensification of energy processes and thermal cycles. The review includes the studies of leading scientists from around the world related to effective and environmentally friendly methods and technologies of energy acquisition and conversion involving the synthesis of motor fuels, materials and chemicals, solar energy conversion, and thermal cycle efficiencies using supercritical fluids. A special place in the chapter is occupied by studies of the transformation of vegetable oils, algae, and wood in supercritical alcohols, esters, and water to produce biodiesel fuels and hydrogen.

scholarly journals Supercritical Fluid Applications in the Design of Novel Antimicrobial Materials

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Zizovic
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Antimicrobial Materials ◽  
The World

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the biggest problems in the modern world. The prevention of bacterial spreading from hospitals to the community and vice versa is an issue we have to deal with. This review presents a vast potential of contemporary high-pressure techniques in the design of materials with antimicrobial activity. Scientists from all over the world came up with ideas on how to exploit extraordinary properties of supercritical fluids in the production of advantageous materials in an environmentally friendly way. The review summarizes reported methods and results.

scholarly journals Objectives, Keys and Results in the Water Networks to Reach the Sustainable Development Goals

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Angel Valentin Mercedes Garcia ◽  
Petra Amparo López-Jiménez ◽  
Francisco-Javier Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Modesto Pérez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals

The world is continuously searching for ways to improve how water is used for energy. As the population increases, so do the needs for natural resources and, in turn, the needs for energy. This research sought to show how the world has tried to achieve more sustainable forms of pressurized water distribution and to show the results that have been obtained. In this sense, technologies have been used for the production of clean energy, energy recovery instead of dissipation, reprogramming of pumping stations and hybrid systems. In many cases, much lower water and energy requirements are achieved and, in turn, greenhouse gas emissions related to water use are reduced. Sixty-one different water systems were analyzed considering different energy, economic and environmental indicators. The different operation range of these indicators were defined according to sustainable indicators.

Flow and Performance Characteristics of a Double-Blade Hydrofoil

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 7218-7222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Yavuza ◽  
Birol Kilkis ◽  
Emre Koc ◽  
Ozgur Erol
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Operational Effectiveness ◽  
Hydrokinetic Turbines ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance

While our planet is rapidly approaching an environmental crisis under the dominant use of depleting fossil fuels, the need for exploiting all forms of new, small carbon foot-print, renewable, and clean energy resources are increasing in the same proportion. Therefore, the need for exploring all types of clean energy resources that the world has- some of which might have not attracted sufficient attention before- is essential in order to implement sufficient, efficient, and widely use all them. In this respect, operational effectiveness of the wind and hydrokinetic turbines depend on the performance of the airfoils chosen. Using double-blade airfoils in the wind and hydrokinetic turbines, minimum wind and hydrokinetic flow velocities to produce meaningful and practical mechanical power reduces to 3- 4 m /s for wind turbines and 1-1.5 m/s or less for hydrokinetic turbines. Consequently, double-blade hydrofoils may re-define the potentials of wind power and hydrokinetic power of the countries in positive manner.

scholarly journals The Impact of Lack of Clean Cooking Fuels on Sustainable Development in Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeoluwa Garba ◽  
Richard Bellingham
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The World ◽  
Cooking Fuels ◽  
The Impact

Access to energy is crucial in tackling many of the current global development challenges that impact on people’s economic, health and social well-being as well as the ability to meet the commitments of reducing carbon emissions through clean energy use. Despite increased attention from multiple governments and agencies, energy poverty remains a serious sustainable development issue in many developing countries. To date, most research have focused on general access to electricity and the generation of clean energy to replace fossil fuels, failing to address the lack of basic access to clean energy for cooking and heating. More people in the world lack access to clean cooking fuels than to electricity. This issue is one aspect of a broader research which investigates the impacts of optimized energy policy and energy business models on sustainable development in developing countries.

scholarly journals Dynamically structured bubbling in vibrated gas-fluidized granular materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (35) ◽  
pp. e2108647118
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo ◽  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Azin Padash ◽  
Kenan Xi ◽  
Thomas M. Kovar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Granular Materials ◽  
Fluidized Beds ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
System Size ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Energy Processes

The dynamics of granular materials are critical to many natural and industrial processes; granular motion is often strikingly similar to flow in conventional liquids. Food, pharmaceutical, and clean energy processes utilize bubbling fluidized beds, systems in which gas is flowed upward through granular particles, suspending the particles in a liquid-like state through which gas voids or bubbles rise. Here, we demonstrate that vibrating these systems at a resonant frequency can transform the normally chaotic motion of these bubbles into a dynamically structured configuration, creating reproducible, controlled motion of particles and gas. The resonant frequency is independent of particle properties and system size, and a simple harmonic oscillator model captures this frequency. Discrete particle simulations show that bubble structuring forms because of rapid, local transitions between solid-like and fluid-like behavior in the grains induced by vibration. Existing continuum models for gas–solid flows struggle to capture these fluid–solid transitions and thus cannot predict the bubble structuring. We propose a constitutive relationship for solids stress that predicts fluid–solid transitions and hence captures the experimental structured bubbling patterns. Similar structuring has been observed by oscillating gas flow in bubbling fluidized beds. We show that vibrating bubbling fluidized beds can produce a more ordered structure, particularly as system size is increased. The scalable structure and continuum model proposed here provide the potential to address major issues with scale-up and optimal operation, which currently limit the use of bubbling fluidized beds in existing and emerging technologies.

scholarly journals Types of biologically active substances, methods of their application as factors of increasing resistance of varieties of various potatoes in an effort to realize greater productivity when exposed to pathogenic organisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012070
Author(s):  
E P Sevostyanova ◽  
M A Sevostyanov ◽  
A P Glinushkin
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
The World ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
Potato Famine ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Resistance Of Varieties

Abstract All countries in the world strive not to repeat the potato famine of Ireland. Potatoes infect more than 100 pathogens, one of the most serious is late blight. In the world, the average loss of potato yield from late blight is 10-15% per year. This article briefly discusses various safe, effective and environmentally friendly methods of preventing and controlling late blight of potatoes.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic power generation system

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Huanhai
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
The World ◽  
New Energy

The potential crisis of energy and the deterioration of ecological environment make the world's cumbersomedevelopment of renewable energy including new energy, including solar energy. Traditional energy in the coal, oil andnatural gas are evolved from ancient fossils, it is collectively referred to as fossil fuels. As the world's energy needscontinue to increase, fossil fuels will also be depleted, it is necessary to fi nd a new energy to replace the traditionalenergy. Solar energy is a clean renewable energy with mineral energy incomparable superiority. Modern society shouldbe a conservation-oriented society, and social life should also be a life-saving energy. At the same time, Premier WenJiabao also proposed on June 30, 2005 and stressed the need to speed up the construction of a conservation-orientedsociety. And solar energy as an inexhaustible new environmentally friendly energy has become the world's energyresearch work in the world an important issue. Is the world in the economic situation to take a simpler, economical,environmentally friendly and reliable building heating and heating energy-saving measures. This paper summarizes thecurrent global energy status, indicating the importance of solar power and prospects. Details of the various solar powergeneration methods and their advantages, and made a comparison of this power generation parameters. At the sametime pointed out that the diffi culties faced by solar power and solutions, as well as China's solar power of the favorableconditions and diffi culties. The future of China's solar energy made a prospect.

scholarly journals The Global Survey of the Electrical Energy Distribution System: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Sudhakar Talhar ◽  
Sanjay B. Bodkhe
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Scenario ◽  
The World

This paper gives a review of energy scenario in India and other countries. Today’s demand of the world is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, during the production of electricity. Henceforth over the world, the production of electrical power is changing by introducing abundantly available renewable energy sources like sun and wind. But, because of the intermittent nature of sustainable power sources, the electrical power network faces many problems, during the transmission and distribution of electricity. For resolving these issues, Electrical Energy Storage (EES) is acknowledged as supporting technology. This paper discusses about the world electrical energy scenario with top renowned developed countries in power generation and consumption. Contribution of traditional power sources changed after the introduction of renewable energy sources like sun and wind. Worldwide Agencies are formed like International Energy Agency (IEA), The Central Intelligence Agency, (CIS) etc. The main aim of these agencies is to provide reliable, affordable and clean energy. This paper will discuss about the regulatory authority and government policies/incentives taken by different countries.  At the end of this paper, author focuses on obstacles in implementation, development and benefits of renewable energy.

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