Preferences, Utility, and Stochastic Approximation

2018 ◽  
pp. 2188-2199
Author(s):  
Yuri P. Pavlov ◽  
Rumen D. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
A Value ◽  
Active Assistance

A complex system with human participation like “human-process” is characterized with active assistance of the human in the determination of its objective and in decision-taking during its development. The construction of a mathematically grounded model of such a system is faced with the problem of shortage of mathematical precise information that presents the human activity. A solution of this problem is to seek expression of different aspects of the complex system through description of the expert's preferences as an element of the system. The presentation of human preferences analytically with utility functions is an approach for their mathematical description. The objective of the article is to present an innovative approach to value driven modeling of management that bases on preference-oriented decision making. It is described a decision technology that realizes measurement of human's preferences as analytic utility function. The utility theory and stochastic approximation are possible solution of this problem that results in a value-based approach to modeling of complex systems.

Preferences, Utility, and Stochastic Approximation

2019 ◽  
pp. 734-747
Author(s):  
Yuri P. Pavlov ◽  
Rumen D. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
A Value ◽  
Active Assistance

A complex system with human participation like “human-process” is characterized with active assistance of the human in the determination of its objective and in decision-taking during its development. The construction of a mathematically grounded model of such a system is faced with the problem of shortage of mathematically precise information that presents the human activity. A solution of this problem is to seek expression of different aspects of the complex system through description of the expert's preferences as an element of the system. The presentation of human preferences analytically with utility functions is an approach for their mathematical description. The objective of the chapter is to present an innovative approach to value-driven modeling of management based on preference-oriented decision making. A decision technology that realizes measurement of human's preferences as an analytic utility function is described. The utility theory and stochastic approximation are possible solutions for this problem that results in a value-based approach to modeling of complex systems.

scholarly journals Implementasi Algoritma Smarter for the Determination of the Thesis Supervisor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Kim Hek
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
A Value

Decision making is a basis for determination/unanimity that has a value or criteria that have a weight that can describe a person's ability and intellectual (Ananta dan Winiarta, 2013). This study aims to design and implement a simple multi attribute rating technique exploiting rank (SMARTER) for the determination of the supervisor lecturer

Mathematical Preliminaries

2013 ◽  
pp. 45-61
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Probability Theory ◽  
Stochastic Programming ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Mathematical Operations

The correct assessment of the level of informativity and usability of these types of knowledge requires careful analysis of the terms measurement, formalization, uncertainty, probability, and admissible mathematical operations, under the respective scale, which does not distort the initial empirical information. This chapter is of an introductory nature in one of the vastest fields of mathematics, namely “probability theory and mathematical statistics” and their application in decision-making. After the discussion of fundamental notions and theorems in Probability theory, the authors reveal some of the fundamental techniques establishing the convergence of the recurrent stochastic procedures in the Stochastic programming, which will permit analytical description of the value and utility functions. The analytical description of the expert’s preferences as value or utility function will allow mathematically the inclusion of the decision maker in the description of the complex system “Technologist-process”.

scholarly journals Implementasi Algoritma Smarter for the Determination of the Thesis Supervisor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Kim Hek
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Sql Server ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
Mathematical Procedure ◽  
A Value ◽  
Sql Server 2005 ◽  
Selection Of

Decision making is a basis for determination / unanimity that has a value or criteria that have a weight that can describe a person's ability and intellectual (Ananta dan Winiarti, 2013)..This study aims to design and implement a simple multi attribute attribute rating technique exploiting rank (SMARTER) for the determination of the supervisor lecturer. This SMARTER method is a multi-criteria method which consists of several criteria where each criterion contains values and weights that are used to compare the values between the criteria for lecturers and others. The calculation method data is analyzed and designed using the Rank-Order Centroid (ROC) method with a simple mathematical procedure and produces a major priority of several attributes in the form of a range. The results of the study can be concluded that the greatest utility value of each lecturer can be determined as a supervisor. This system only discusses the selection of thesis supervisors and there is no gender separation for students and supervisors. The database uses SQL Server 2005 and programming using the Visual Basic 2008 language.

scholarly journals Determination of Industrial Location Using the WASPAS Method with Spatial Data as Criteria Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-696
Author(s):  
Agusta Praba Ristadi Pinem ◽  
Siti Asmiatun ◽  
Astrid Novita Putri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
System Model ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
Product Assessment ◽  
The City

Today, the development of the use of spatial data is not only used for information geographic or transportation. But also can be used for site selection with integrating decision support system methods. Generated information can help in making decisions and meet the expected aspects. One method that can be used to support the decision making process is the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS). WASPAS is included in Multi Criteria Decision Making which can produce selected information from the data or criteria used. This study uses the WASPAS method as a determinant of strategic industrial locations by spatial data collection. In determining strategic industrial locations, WASPAS uses several different criteria and weights for each criterion. The WASPAS method can produce precise information related to the determination of strategic industrial locations. The results of the Spearman Rating trial with data on industrial locations in the city of Semarang show a strong conformity, as seen from the resulting compatibility value of 1.0. The results obtained from this study are the establishment of a system model that supports the decision to determine the location of the industry using the WASPAS method.

Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
A Value ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Humans need vitamin A and obtain essential vitamin A by conversion of plant foods rich in provitamin A and/or absorption of preformed vitamin A from foods of animal origin. The determination of the vitamin A value of plant foods rich in provitamin A is important but has challenges. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over last 80 years following the discovery on the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and the various techniques including stable isotope technologies that have been developed to determine vitamin A values of plant provitamin A (mainly β-carotene). These include applications from using radioactive β-carotene and vitamin A, depletion-repletion with vitamin A and β-carotene, and measuring postprandial chylomicron fractions after feeding a β-carotene rich diet, to using stable isotopes as tracers to follow the absorption and conversion of plant food provitamin A carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) in humans. These approaches have greatly promoted our understanding of the absorption and conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A. Stable isotope labeled plant foods are useful for determining the overall bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from specific foods. Locally obtained plant foods can provide vitamin A and prevent deficiency of vitamin A, a remaining worldwide concern.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN TAHFIDZUL QUR’AN DI MI ISTIQOMAH SAMBAS PURBALINGGA

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Maulana Khusen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Target Class ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Learning Management ◽  
Coordination Meeting

Abstract: The results of the study show that: (1) Tahfidzul Qur'an learning planning is done through the preparation of memorization targets and the determination of effective weeks and days in each semester; (2) Organizing is carried out through the division of tasks and responsibilities as well as the construction of the structure of the tutoring teacher; (3) The mobilization is carried out through the coordination meeting of the Tahfidz coordinator as a shering forum for decision making and direction of the Tahfidzul Qur'an learning program and the implementation of learning is carried out every Monday-Friday; and (4) Supervision is carried out through assessing teacher performance at the end of December and June. The highest achievement target for the second year of the implementation of the Tahfidzul Qur'an's 2017/2018 year program is juz 29 and 30, the lowest target for class 1 is juz 30 to Surat al Ghosyiyyah. For class 1, 85% of the target is achieved and 11% of students exceed the target. Class 2 targets reached 19%. Class 3, 10.86% reached the target and 0.35% of students exceeded the target. Class 4 tarjet reached 12.44%. Class 5 targets reached 4.24%, and the last grade 6 target reached 13.79% and 1.5% of students exceeded the target. Keywords: Learning Management, Tahfidzul Qur'an.

scholarly journals A New Grey Approach for Using SWARA and PIPRECIA Methods in a Group Decision-Making Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Dragiša Stanujkić ◽  
Darjan Karabašević ◽  
Gabrijela Popović ◽  
Predrag S. Stanimirović ◽  
Muzafer Saračević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Criteria Weights

The environment in which the decision-making process takes place is often characterized by uncertainty and vagueness and, because of that, sometimes it is very hard to express the criteria weights with crisp numbers. Therefore, the application of the Grey System Theory, i.e., grey numbers, in this case, is very convenient when it comes to determination of the criteria weights with partially known information. Besides, the criteria weights have a significant role in the multiple criteria decision-making process. Many ordinary multiple criteria decision-making methods are adapted for using grey numbers, and this is the case in this article as well. A new grey extension of the certain multiple criteria decision-making methods for the determination of the criteria weights is proposed. Therefore, the article aims to propose a new extension of the Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and PIvot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA) methods adapted for group decision-making. In the proposed approach, attitudes of decision-makers are transformed into grey group attitudes, which allows taking advantage of the benefit that grey numbers provide over crisp numbers. The main advantage of the proposed approach in relation to the use of crisp numbers is the ability to conduct different analyses, i.e., considering different scenarios, such as pessimistic, optimistic, and so on. By varying the value of the whitening coefficient, different weights of the criteria can be obtained, and it should be emphasized that this approach gives the same weights as in the case of crisp numbers when the whitening coefficient has a value of 0.5. In addition, in this approach, the grey number was formed based on the median value of collected responses because it better maintains the deviation from the normal distribution of the collected responses. The application of the proposed approach was considered through two numerical illustrations, based on which appropriate conclusions were drawn.

scholarly journals Temperature Dependence of G and D’ Phonons in Monolayer to Few-Layer Graphene with Vacancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Yang ◽  
Longlong Wang ◽  
Xiaofen Qiao ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yufan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Phonon Interaction ◽  
Electron Phonon Interaction ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
A Value ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Abstract The defects into the hexagonal network of a sp2-hybridized carbon atom have been demonstrated to have a significant influence on intrinsic properties of graphene systems. In this paper, we presented a study of temperature-dependent Raman spectra of G peak and D’ band at low temperatures from 78 to 318 K in defective monolayer to few-layer graphene induced by ion C+ bombardment under the determination of vacancy uniformity. Defects lead to the increase of the negative temperature coefficient of G peak, with a value almost identical to that of D’ band. However, the variation of frequency and linewidth of G peak with layer number is contrary to D’ band. It derives from the related electron-phonon interaction in G and D’ phonon in the disorder-induced Raman scattering process. Our results are helpful to understand the mechanism of temperature-dependent phonons in graphene-based materials and provide valuable information on thermal properties of defects for the application of graphene-based devices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document