Measuring and Analysing Credit Risk

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-112
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
Measurement And Analysis

This chapter discusses the measurement and analysis of credit risk. A factory plans to accomplish a project and applies for credit to a bank to finance the project. The bank considers a loan to finance the factory project and assesses the credit risk. The chapter presents the analysis and measurement of different aspects of credit risk in order to answer how much should be lent to the factory project and for how long considering the risk inherent in the transaction. Credit risk is assessed considering: 1) Cash flow projection; 2) Count of negative cash flow; 3) Maximum negative cash flow; 4) Net Present Value (NPV) based on dividends; 5) Internal Rate of Return (IRR) based on dividends; 6) Capital asset NPV and IRR; 7) Solvency loan; 8) Risk of bankruptcy; 9) Financial Analysis Measures such as Gross Margin, Interest Coverage, Financial Coverage, Return on Investment, Return on Assets and Net Worth.

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MERGER DAN AKUISISI YANG TERDAFTAR DIBURSA EFEK INDONESIA (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN PUBLIK TAHUN 2010-2013)

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Fitriani F. Silaban ◽  
Evelin R.R. Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Turn Over

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang melakukan merger dan akuisisi 2 tahun sebelum dan 2 tahun sesudah merger dan akuisisipada perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di Bursa efek indonesia tahun 2010-2013.Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 14 perusahaan. Data diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2010-2013. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji beda (uji t) dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji Paired Sample T-test dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 5%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan uji Paired Sample T-test menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang melakukan merger dan akuisisi 2 tahun sebelum dan 2 tahun sesudah merger dan akuisisi yang diukur dengan Net Profit Margin, Return on Investment, Return on Equity,Earning Per Share, Total Asset Turn over, Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, sedangkan pada Return on Assets terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2010-2013. Hasil penelitian ini disebabkan karena adanya kemungkinan principal yang mengusulkan merger dan akuisisi dilakukan tanpa melakukan pengendalian terhadap kinerja perusahaan yang akan dimerger dan diakuisisi serta kemungkinan agen juga memanfaatkan keputusan ini untuk kepentingan pribadi yang menjadikan kinerja perusahaan tidak optimal sehingga tujuan merger dan akuisisi yang dibuat perusahaan untuk meningkatkan nilai dan kinerja perusahaan tidak tercapai.

scholarly journals Financial Analysis Of Various Companies In The Pigs Group Of Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Joseph Henry Jurkowski ◽  
Dion D. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Investment Opportunities

This paper attempts to examine and offer insight in the investment opportunities in several industries of different sizes located in two of the PIGS countries (Portugal, Italy, Greece, and Spain) looking at their similarities/differences as well as anomalies in comparison to their US counterpart. These companies were chosen because of a number of factors including size, age, and relevance to the current world economy:• The Buckle Corporation (US) and Inditex (SPAIN)• Coach (US) and Prada (ITALY)• Ford (US) and Fiat (ITALY)• Verizon Wireless (US) and Telefonica S.A.(SPAIN)By examining pertinent financial ratios, namely Net profit margin, Current ratio, Quick ratio, return on Assets, return on Equity, return on Investment, P/E ratio, and Price to Book Value ratio, and using various statistical methods we have determined the optimum investment alternatives.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PEMBIAYAAN INVESTASI PADA PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN TAMAN KARANGBAHAGIA TAHAP 1 KABUPATEN BEKASI, JAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rossy Khairinisa ◽  
I Nyoman Dita Pahang Putra ◽  
Anna Rumintang
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Break Even Point

Pada perencanaan pembangunan sebuah proyek diperlukan suatu analisis finansial yang menandakan proses investasi proyek tersebut layak dilakukan. Salah satu aspek yang paling penting dalam proses investasi adalah komposisi pembiayaan. Pembiayaan dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu dari pinjaman (loan) dan modal sendiri (equity). Penelitian dilakukan pada proyek pembangunan Perumahan Taman Karangbahagia di Kabupaten Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sensitivitas dari tiga komposisi pembiayaan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Discounted Cash Flow untuk menghitung project valuationnya. Kemudian kelayakan investasi diukur berdasarkan indikator NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate Return), BEP (Break Even Point) dan ROI (Return on Investment). Tiga komposisi pembiayaan yang akan diteliti sesitivitasnya adalah 70% loan : 30% equity. 30% loan : 70% equity dan 50% loan : 50% equity. Hasil analisis sensitivitas komposisi menunjukan bahwa pada komposisi 30% loan : 70% equity NPV mencapai angka positif sebesar Rp.17,485,230,641.00 dan IRR 38%. Sementara pada komposisi 70% loan : 30% equity NPV negatif dan IRR mencapai nilaisebesar Rp.9,126,201,503.00 dan 2%. Pada komposisi 50% loan : 50% equity yaitu NPV mencapai nilai negatif yaitu sebesar Rp.4,179,514,569.00 dan IRR 21%. BEP terjadi setelah satu tahun sepuluh bulan dan Return on Investment menghasilkan angka 16.71% dari komposisi 30% loan : 70% loan.    

scholarly journals Profitability of large cardamom enterprise in Nepal?: Evidence from financial analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Keshav Prasad Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Large Cardamom

Large Cardamom is major exportable commodities prioritized by Ministry of Commerce and Supply in Nepal. However, no study has been reported for its financial analysis in the country. In this context, this study was designed and conducted in Ilam, Panchthar, and Taplejung to assess the profitability and financial viability of cardamom production. Primary data needed for the study were collected using structured survey schedule with 30 randomly selected cardamom growers from each selected district in May-July 2017. Primary information mainly compose information on investment cost, operating cost and revenue. Three Focus Group Discussions were also carried out in each district for triangulation of collected information. The secondary data were used for the Compound Annual Growth Analysis and financial analysis. The economic yield starts from the fourth year and remains similar up to 20 years. But, it was found from the study that with the proper management of the crop cultivation packages, about 10% yield starts from third year which have not been reported yet. The financial analysis result showed that, the Return on Investment was found about 160% with payback period of 4.09 years. Similarly, Net Present Value was assessed at NRs. 3,545,771 at 12% discount rate. Likewise, the Internal Rate of Return Benefit-Cost Ratio of cardamom production was 82.6% and 3.06, respectively. The sensitivity analysis with 20% increase in the cost of production and 20% decrease in the sold price rate also found profitable and viable enterprises as its Return on Investment is 34%, PBP is 5.64 years, NPV equals NRs. 2,154,393, IRR 57.6% and BCR found 2.06. Hence, the study recommends that this enterprise is very profitable and viable and farmer could invest confidently even its rate fluctuates very often.

scholarly journals Capital budgeting practices in South Africa: A review

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Correia
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Internal Rate

This paper reviews the capital budgeting survey literature in South Africa over the period 1972 to 2008. The survey evidence indicates a significant growth in Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) methods and a fall in the use of other methods. In particular, there has been growth in the use of Net Present Value (NPV). Yet, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) technique remains the primary method used in practice despite some serious drawbacks. Larger companies are more likely to use DCF methods. There has been a significant growth in the use of sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis. However, there is little use of sophisticated risk analysis tools such as Monte Carlo simulation, and decision trees. Although financial theory predicates the use of risk adjusted discount rates, surveys indicate that the majority of companies use a single firm discount rate. Companies have increasingly used inflation-adjusted cash flows but the process of ranking mutually exclusive projects is not aligned with finance theory. There is limited use of the Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR) method and DCF dominant companies do not outperform non-DCF dominant companies. The most important phase of project evaluation is the project definition and cash flow estimation phase and yet research studies have focused mainly on the financial analysis and project selection phase.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility of timber management in extractive settlement projects of southwestern Amazonia

CERNE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo da Silveira Carvalho ◽  
Antônio Donizette de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Timber Management ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Market Rationality ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Southwestern Amazonia ◽  
Test Result

Even recognizing the frailty of an isolated financial analysis for casting a glance at sustainability, it was decided that the analysis should be done because it is the market rationality, more financialized today than ever before, that embraces the macro environment in which to base forestry management, and thus it decisively influences its technical and decision-making foundations. Profitability is the most significant indicator of success, according to hegemonic thought. This work aims to investigate whether extractive forestry management as practiced in two communities of Acre state is financially feasible on the scales adopted for the 2005/2006 crop, and also to test result sensitivity against interest rate and subsidy swings. Net Present Value (NPV) was the indicator of choice to verify financial feasibility. Within the context of this particular subsidized crop, all six scales were found feasible, at all discount rates being considered. However, this feasibility is only confirmed upon evaluation of the cooperative's cash flow - which ultimately is an extension of each forest worker's cash flow -, resulting from subsidies granted on the price paid for timber. In a hypothetical situation, where subsidies are removed, only the larger scale operation (9.8 m³/ha) showed a positive NPV, again at all rates being considered.

TINJAUAN STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (NAGARI) KAMANG HILIA SEJAHTERA KENAGARIAN KAMANG HILIA, KECAMATAN KAMANG MAGEK, KABUPATEN AGAM, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Halkadri Fitra ◽  
Salma Taqwa ◽  
Charoline Cheisviyanny ◽  
Abel Tasman ◽  
Nurzi Sebrina
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Internal Rate

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kelayakan aspek keuangan usaha grosir sembako Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Nagari) Kamang Hilia Sejahtera di Kenagarian Kamang Hilia Kecamatan Kamang Magek Kabupaten Agam Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode cash flow analysis, payback period, net present value, profitability index, internal rate of return, dan average rate of return. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai net cash flow Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Nagari) Kamang Hilia Sejahtera adalah positif yaitu Rp.21.774.000, nilai payback period adalah 1,15 tahun, nilai net present value positif sebesar Rp.10.680.034,47, nilai profitability index adalah positif 1,37, sedangkan nilai internal rate of return adalah 46,7% dan nilai average rate of return adalah 57,23%. Berdasarkan standar penilaian maka semua metode yang digunakan memberikan kesimpulan bahwa usaha grosir sembako milik Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Nagari) Kamang Hilia Sejahtera dalam kategori layak untuk dilaksanakan.

Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Usaha Ternak Ayam Kampung Super (Studi Kasus pada Peternakan Suparlan di Desa Jojog Kecamatan Pekalongan Kabupaten Lampung Timur)

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikri Fathurahman Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Internal Rate

This study aims to analyze financially (net present value, revenue cost ratio, internal rate of return, break event point, return on investment and payback period) feasibility of kampung super chicken farming Mr. Suparlan in Jojog village, district Pekalongan, East Lampung regency. The data used in the form of quantitative and qualitative data sourced from the primary data and secondary data which is then analyzed descriptively. Based on the analysis, it is known that kampung super farm is financially feasible to cultivate. This is indicated by the positive value of net present value (NPV) of Rp 186,568,517, revenue ratio (RCR) 1.59, internal rate of return (IRR) of 135.82%, return on investment (ROI) of 43%, and the value of payback period (PP) of 0.50. Keywords: financial feasibility, kampung chicken, chicken farm

Estimating Multi-Period Corporate Credit Risk - A Cash Flow Based Approach

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Hsing Liao ◽  
Tsung-Kang Chen ◽  
Chia-Wu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Corporate Credit

ANALISIS PENGUKURAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PASCA MERGER DAN AKUISISI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Edi Edi ◽  
Sylvia Rusadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
T Test ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Equity Ratio

<p><em>This paper examinea</em><em>n</em><em>effect of the financial performance of post-merger and acquisition. The financial performance is measured by using ratios, such as return on net worth, return on assets, current ratio, quick ratio, and debt to equity ratio.The samples are firms which did merger and acquisition activity during the years 200</em><em>3</em><em>-2011 and that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data which used in this research is the annual financial report three years before and three years after the mergers and acquisitions by using purposive sampling method. Analysis of the data used to test the hypothesis using paired sample t-test</em>. <em>The results of this study indicate merger firms are having decline performance, debt to equity ratio show significant decline, and other ratios also got decline, though not significant. On the other side, return on net worth and return on assets has significant decline after acquisition, except for current ratio which have insignificant decline after acquisition. </em><em>Quick</em><em> ratio and debt to equity ratio has insignificant improvements after acquisition.</em><em></em></p><br />Artikel ini meneliti pengaruh kinerja keuangan pasca merger dan akuisisi. Kinerja keuangan diukur dengan menggunakan rasio, seperti <em>return on net worth</em>,<em> return on </em><em>asssets, current ratio, quick ratio, </em>dan <em>debt to equity ratio.</em>Sampel yang digunakan adalah perusahaan yang melakukan aktivitas merger dan akuisisi selama tahun 2003-2011 dan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan keuangan tahunan 3 tahun sebelum dan 3 tahun sesudah merger dan akuisisi dengan menggunakan metode <em>purposive sampling</em>. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk uji hipotesis menggunakan <em>paired sample t-test</em>.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan merger mengalami penurunan kinerja, <em>debt to equity ratio</em> menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan, dan rasio lainnya juga mendapat penurunan, meskipun tidak signifikan. Di sisi lain<em>, return on net worth</em> dan <em>return on assets</em> memiliki penurunan yang signifikan setelah akuisisi, kecuali untuk <em>current ratio</em> yang memiliki penurunan yang tidak signifikan setelah akuisisi. <em>Quick ratio</em> dan <em>debt to equity ratio</em> memiliki peningkatan yang tidak signifikan setelah akuisisi.

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