Gas Turbine Power Plant of Low Power GTP-10S

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
Valentin Gusarov ◽  
Leonid Yuferev ◽  
Zahid Godzhaev ◽  
Aleksandr Parachnich
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Thrust Vector ◽  
Small Engines ◽  
Heat Energy Recovery ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Currently, there is an increase in the use of gas turbines. Today they are used in the energy sector: aviation, armed forces, and the navy. The introduction of a new manufacturing technology developed by the authors will make it possible to manufacture cheap and reliable installations and thus ensure an exceptional position on the Russian market for goods and technologies, and taking into account the use of intellectual rights, abroad. The scientific novelty of the sample is the method of calculating small engines with a centrifugal compressor, a centripetal turbine and a combustion chamber with a negative thrust vector of the air flow. It is shown that the developed microgas turbine cogeneration power generator consists of a microturbine engine with a periphery, a free power turbine necessary for the selection of mechanical power, a high-speed electric generator with permanent magnets, an electronic power conversion system, exhaust heat energy recovery system and an automatic control system.

Design, Testing, and Performance Impact of Exhaust Diffusers in Aero-Derivative Gas Turbines for Mechanical Drive Applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Scotti Del Greco ◽  
Tomasz Jurek ◽  
Daniele Di Benedetto ◽  
Vittorio Michelassi ◽  
Giacomo Ragni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Shaft Speed ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Inlet Conditions

Abstract The demand for gas-turbine (GT) based flexible power generation and mechanical drive is increasing due to the growing penetration of renewables and due to the need to quickly adjust production and operate at part load respectively. As efficiency operability low emissions, small footprint, availability and maintainability are of paramount importance, engine designers are leaning towards aircraft engine architectures that, with appropriate modifications mostly to the combustion system and turbine, can meet market needs. To leverage the large experience from aircraft propulsion, aero-derivative engines maintain the same architecture, with a high-speed shaft core, and a low-speed shaft driven by a multi-stage low-pressure turbine. While in aircraft engines power is adjusted by changing fuel rate and shaft speed, that go hand in hand, mechanical drive engines have more stringent needs that require changing the delivered power by keeping the shaft speed under control to guarantee the operation of the driven equipment (an LNG compressor or an electric generator). Therefore, the power turbine may deliver exit flow profiles and angles that put the turbine exhaust diffuser under severe off-design conditions, with the onset of large scale separations, large kinetic losses, and ultimately a significant drop on cycle performance. This paper describes Baker Hughes, a GE company experience in the CFD assisted design and scale-down testing of aero-derivative exhaust diffusers. The design incorporates the requirements of hot-end mechanical drive in multiple the power turbine operating conditions to determine the best compromise between peak design performance and off-design operability. The test in similitude conditions considered four relevant operating points. The inlet conditions matched with the power turbine exit profiles by the concerted action of swirl vanes and perforated plates, the design of which was heavily CFD assisted. Predictions matched measurements in terms of pressure recovery, kinetic losses, and exhaust velocity profiles. Different data post-processing and averaging were considered to properly factor in the diffuser losses into the overall turbine performance.

scholarly journals An Empirical Approach to the Preliminary Design of a Closed Cycle Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. op het Veld ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Source State ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
The Cost

This paper investigates the layout and achievable efficiencies of rotating components of a Helium gas turbine. This is done by making a preliminary design of the compressor and turbine needed for the power conversion in a combined heat and power plant with a 40 MWth nuclear high temperature reactor as a heat source. State of the art efficiency values of air breathing gas turbines are used for the first calculations. The efficiency level is corrected by comparing various dimensionless data of the Helium turbomachine with an air gas turbine of similar dimensions. A single shaft configuration with a high speed axial turbine will give highest performance and simple construction. If a generator has to be driven at a conventional speed, a free power turbine configuration must be chosen. The choice of the configuration depends among others on the cost and availability of the asynchrone generator and frequency convertor.

Development and Evaluation of Silicon Nitride Components for Ceramic Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Hara ◽  
Katsura Matsubara ◽  
Ken-ichi Mizuno ◽  
Toru Shimamori ◽  
Hiro Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Particle Impact ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Power Turbine

NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. has been developing various silicon nitride materials, and the technology for fabricating components for ceramic gas turbines (CGT) using theses materials. We are supplying silicon nitride material components for the project to develop 300 kW class CGT for co-generation in Japan. EC-152 was developed for components that require high strength at high temperature, such as turbine blades and turbine nozzles. In order to adapt the increasing of the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) up to 1350 °C in accordance with the project goals, we developed two silicon nitride materials with further improved properties: ST-1 and ST-2. ST-1 has a higher strength than EC-152 and is suitable for first stage turbine blades and power turbine blades. ST-2 has higher oxidation resistance than EC-152 and is suitable for power turbine nozzles. On applying these silicon nitride ceramics to CGT engine, we evaluated various properties of silicon nitride materials considering the environment in CGT engine. Particle impact testing is one of those evaluations. Materials used in CGT engine are exposed in high speed gas flow, and impact damage of these materials is considered to be a concern. We tested ST-1 in the particle impact test. In this test, we observed fracture modes, and estimated the critical impact velocity. This paper summarizes the development of silicon nitride components, and the result of evaluations of these silicon nitride materials.

scholarly journals An investigation into the balancing of high speed, flexible shafts by external application of compensating balancing sleeves

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110084
Author(s):  
Grahame Knowles ◽  
Chris Bingham ◽  
Ron Bickerton
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Balancing ◽  
External Application ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Shaft Deflection ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The paper investigates the use of compensating balancing sleeves positioned at the shaft’s end for the balancing of high-speed flexible shafts. The balancing sleeve is a new arrangement that creates a pure balancing moment with virtually zero radial reaction forces. For comparison purposes, experimental results from previous research are used to benchmark performance and to demonstrate the benefits newly proposed topology. The new configuration is commensurate with what is required for the Power Turbine (PT) shaft of a twin shaft industrial gas turbine, with an overhung disc. The study is also aimed at bladed shafts, such as those used in high speed gas turbines/compressors, with a view to improving their volumetric efficiency by reducing the formation of relatively large tip leakage gaps caused by shaft deflection/blade wear of abradable seals. It is shown to be practically possible to separate the two main dynamic balancing functions i.e. the control of bearing reaction loads and shaft deflections, thus allowing for their independent adjustment. This enables the required balancing sleeve moment to be determined and set during low-speed commissioning i.e. before any excessive shaft deflection and resulting seal wear occurs, as is typical when final balancing is undertaken at full operational speed.

Surface Roughness Effects on Turbine Blade Aerodynamics

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Hummel ◽  
Michael Lo¨tzerich ◽  
Pasquale Cardamone ◽  
Leonhard Fottner
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Total Pressure Loss ◽  
German Armed Forces

The aerodynamic performance of a turbine blade was evaluated via total pressure loss measurements on a linear cascade. The Reynolds number was varied from 600,000 to 1,200,000 to capture the operating regime for heavy-duty gas turbines. Four different types of surface roughness on the same profile were tested in the High Speed Cascade Wind Tunnel of the University of the German Armed Forces Munich and evaluated against a hydraulically smooth reference blade. The ratios of surface roughness to chord length for the test blade surfaces are in the range of Ra/c = 7.6×10−06 – 7.9×10−05. The total pressure losses were evaluated from wake traverse measurements. The loss increase due to surface roughness was found to increase with increasing Reynolds number. For the maximum tested Reynolds number of Re = 1,200,000 the increase in total pressure loss for the highest analysed surface roughness value of Ra = 11.8 μm was found to be 40% compared to a hydraulically smooth surface. The results of the measurements were compared to a correlation from literature as well as to well-documented measurements in literature. Good agreement was found for high Reynolds numbers between the correlation and the test results presented in this paper and the data available from literature.

VECTRA™ Power Turbine Development Program

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R. deBeer ◽  
David A. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Dynamic Strain ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Power Turbine

Dresser-Rand developed the VECTRA-40 power turbine specifically for the LM2500+ gas generator. This “clean sheet of paper” design uses some of the best features from both aeroderivative and heavy duty gas turbines. After the design phase was complete, an extensive development program was undertaken to confirm that both the mechanical and aerodynamic design objectives were met. Two units were built, instrumented, and tested to full load. In addition, several components were rig tested to verify stiffness, natural frequency, or operating characteristics. Finally, some events that could not be physically tested, such as blade out response, were tested virtually. During development testing, the power turbine was extensively instrumented with state-of-the-art sensors to verify the mechanical design and aerodynamic performance of the VECTRA. A PC based data acquisition system (DAQ) was constructed to simultaneously acquire and record over 1000 individual channels of data. Instrumentation was installed to record the mechanical responses and operating temperatures of all rotating components, as well as critical stationary components. Other groups of instrumentation were used to verify flowpath performance, cooling air distribution, and lubrication system operation. The physical devices connected to the DAQ system ranged from industrial transducers and signal conditioners to an innovative external telemetry system for rotating thermocouples and dynamic strain gages. The VECTRA is a high speed power turbine that was initially designed for mechanical drive applications. However recent component testing and full load testing of two units in generator drive packages have demonstrated that it is also well suited for power generation applications.

Recent Operating Experience With British Naval Gas Turbines

1963 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. A. Trewby
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Prime Movers

In recent years gas turbines have been introduced into operational warships of the Royal Navy as propulsion machinery for both high-speed craft and major warships, as electric generator prime movers, and for certain miscellaneous applications. Taking each of these applications in turn, the paper gives details of the important installation problems which have been met and the practical operating experience both ashore and afloat which has been obtained in recent years with eight different designs of British Naval gas turbines. In the general conclusions an attempt is made to assess the main lessons which have been learned from the recent operating experience with the Naval gas turbines described in the paper.

scholarly journals Simulation of Transient Load Behaviour of Gas Turbines in High Speed Marine Applications

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice F. White
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Transient Behaviour ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Marine Applications

This paper describes a model simulation of the transient behaviour of a twin spool gas turbine which could be used to drive a water jet propulsion system in a high speed vessel. The transient loading is considered to be due to torque variations that can occur due to the effect of air entrainment in the propulsor in a heavy sea. For the simulation, measured shaft torque from a diesel engined vessel operating in waves of height 2.0–2.5 meters were scaled to fit with the design output power of the studied gas turbine. This transient variation of torque was applied to the power turbine shaft in the mathematical model. The objective was to study the behaviour and thermal loading on the turbine under such conditions. Results from simulating the influence of heavy sea conditions show that very large shaft power drops can occur due to wave loading, and that for short periods of time higher gas temperatures can occur than the corresponding steady state values. In conclusion, this type of operation may increase the risk of damage due to cyclic variation of load and temperature, and lead to shorter component lifetimes compared with expected design values.

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