A Meta-Analysis of Group Size Effects in Electronic Brainstorming

2011 ◽  
pp. 250-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Dennis ◽  
Michael L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Relative Benefit ◽  
Electronic Brainstorming ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Group Brainstorming

Electronic brainstorming (EBS) has been a focus of academic research since the 1980s. The results suggest that in most—but not all—cases, groups using EBS produce more ideas than groups using verbal brainstorming. In contrast, the results comparing groups using EBS to groups using nominal group brainstorming have been mixed: sometimes EBS group produce more ideas, while in other cases, nominal groups produce more. This article examines the effects of group size on EBS, verbal brainstorming, and nominal group brainstorming. We found that group size is a significant factor in predicting the performance of EBS relative to verbal brainstorming, and nominal group brainstorming. As group size increases, the relative benefit of EBS increases. EBS groups outperform verbal groups when group size reaches four people. EBS groups outperform nominal groups when group size reaches 10 people.

Group Size Effects in Electronic Brainstorming

2011 ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
Alan R. Dennis ◽  
Michael L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Electronic Brainstorming

The goal of this article is to analyze the effect of group size on idea generation in both verbal and electronic brainstorming (EBS) groups. Group size effects were analyzed by a meta-analysis of 21 previously published articles. Section one reviews how group size impacts the communication process in group idea generation. Section two and three present the methods and results of our meta-analysis. Section four is a discussion of the results and implications for future research and practice.

Patterns in Electronic Brainstorming

2011 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Alan R. Dennis ◽  
Alain Pinsonneault ◽  
Kelly McNamara Hilmer ◽  
Henri Barki ◽  
Brent Galupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Social Loafing ◽  
Electronic Brainstorming ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Group Brainstorming ◽  
Electronic Groups ◽  
First Time

Research has shown that some groups using electronic brainstorming generate more unique ideas than groups using nominal group brainstorming, while others do not. This study examined two factors through which group size may affect brainstorming performance: synergy and social loafing. Groups brainstormed using three techniques to manipulate synergy and two group sizes to manipulate social loafing. We found no social loafing effects. We found a time effect: nominal brainstorming groups that received no synergy from the ideas of others produced more ideas than electronic groups in the first time period and fewer ideas in the last time period. We conclude that synergy from the ideas of others is only important when groups brainstorm for longer time period. We also conclude that electronic brainstorming groups should be given at least 30 minutes to work on tasks, or else they will be unlikely to develop synergy.

Patterns in Electronic Brainstorming

2011 ◽  
pp. 193-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Dennis ◽  
Alain Pinsonneault ◽  
Kelly McNamara Hilmer ◽  
Henri Barki ◽  
Brent Gallupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Social Loafing ◽  
Electronic Brainstorming ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Group Brainstorming ◽  
Electronic Groups ◽  
First Time

Previous research has shown that some groups using electronic brainstorming generate more unique ideas than groups using nominal group brainstorming, while others do not. This study examined two factors through which group size may affect brainstorming performance: synergy and social loafing. Groups brainstormed using three techniques to manipulate synergy and two group sizes to manipulate social loafing. We found no social loafing effects. There were significant differences in synergy, but not the ones we had theorized. Instead, we found a time effect: nominal brainstorming groups that received no synergy from the ideas of others produced more ideas than electronic groups in the first time period and fewer ideas in the last time period. We conclude that synergy from the ideas of others is only important when groups brainstorm for longer time periods and may have a harder time generating ideas. We also conclude that electronic brainstorming groups, whether in the field or in the research laboratory, should be given at least 30 minutes to work on tasks or else they will be unlikely to develop synergy.

A preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on heart rate variability and respiration of athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
James William Fell ◽  
Sam Shi Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract To date, there is no quantitative review examining the influence of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on the athlete population. Such an undertaking may provide valuable information on the autonomic and respiration responses of athletes when performing HRV BFB. Thus, purpose of this preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of HRV BFB on HRV and respiration of athletes. Searches of Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were conducted for studies that met the following criteria: (1) experimental studies involving athletes that underwent randomized control trial; (2) availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared with a control (CON)/placebo (PLA); (3) any pre and post HRV variable and/or breathing frequency as dependent variable/s; and, (4) peer-reviewed articles written in English. Four out of 660 studies involving 115 athletes (25 females and 90 males) ages 16–30 years old were assessed in this review. Preliminary findings suggest the promising ability of HRV BFB to improve respiratory mechanics in athlete population. More work is needed to determine the autonomic modulatory effect of HRV BFB in athletes.

Yellow-Footed Rock-Wallaby Group Size Effects Reflect A Trade-Off

Ethology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Blumstein ◽  
Janice C. Daniel ◽  
Christopher S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Trade Off

Electronic Brainstorming And Group Size

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brent Gallupe ◽  
Alan R. Dennis ◽  
William H. Cooper ◽  
Joseph S. Valacich ◽  
Lana M. Bastianutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Electronic Brainstorming

scholarly journals Syntactic ambiguity of (complex) nominal groups in technical English

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
Mirjana Borucinsky ◽  
Jana Kegalj
Keyword(s):  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Steam Engine ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Syntactic Ambiguity ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Reciprocating Engine ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Lexical Density ◽  
Marine Engineering

Complex nominal groups are common in technical English (i.e. English for Specific Purposes, ESP) as they allow lexical items to be tightly packed into a clause. This leads to increased lexical density and syntactic ambiguity. In this paper we analyze (complex) nominal groups in technical English, assuming that it is not only the context and extralinguistic knowledge (i.e. shared technical background that the ESP teacher does not necessarily possess) that help solve the syntactic ambiguity, but that the structure of the nominal group, or more precisely the position of modifiers within the group can help disambiguate the meaning. Thus, modifiers standing farthest from the head have the least specifying potential and are followed by those which restrict the meaning of the entire nominal group. In the example steam reciprocating engine (vs.*reciprocating steam engine) the participle reciprocating has a more specific meaning and is thus closer to the head of the nominal group. The results show how the type of modification (linear or non-linear) can help disambiguate complex nominal groups. The main contribution of the paper is to help the ESP teacher, who is not a specialist in the field of (marine) engineering, process, understand and successfully teach complex nominal groups.

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