Identifying Knowledge Values and Knowledge Sharing Through Linguistic Methods

2008 ◽  
pp. 340-356
Author(s):  
June Tolsby
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Work Attitude ◽  
Organizational Behaviour ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
The Web

How can three linguistical methods be used to identify the Web displays of an organization’s knowledge values and knowledge-sharing requirements? This chapter approaches this question by using three linguistical methods to analyse a company’s Web sites; (a) elements from the community of practice theory (CoP), (b) concepts from communication theory, such as modality and transitivity, and (c) elements from discourse analysis. The investigation demonstrates how a company’s use of the Web can promote a work attitude that actually can be considered as an endorsement of a particular organizational behaviour. The Web pages display a particular organizational identity that will be a magnet for some parties and deject others. In this way, a company’s Web pages represent a window to the world that need to be handled with care, since this can be interpreted as a projection of the company’s identity.

Googling the Web

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Chris Bleakley
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Recommender Algorithm ◽  
A Company ◽  
The Web

Chapter 8 explores the arrival of the World Wide Web, Amazon, and Google. The web allows users to display “pages” of information retrieved from remote computers by means of the Internet. Inventor Tim Berners-Lee released the first web software for free, setting in motion an explosion in Internet usage. Seeing the opportunity of a lifetime, Jeff Bezos set-up Amazon as an online bookstore. Amazon’s success was accelerated by a product recommender algorithm that selectively targets advertising at users. By the mid-1990s there were so many web sites that users often couldn’t find what they were looking for. Stanford PhD student Larry Page invented an algorithm for ranking search results based on the importance and relevance of web pages. Page and fellow student, Sergey Brin, established a company to bring their search algorithm to the world. Page and Brin - the founders of Google - are now worth US$35-40 billion, each.

Albert Einstein online

First Monday ◽  
1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Albert Einstein ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
The World ◽  
Random Nature ◽  
The Web ◽  
Online Web

The power of the World Wide Web, it is commonly believed, lies in the vast information it makes available; "Content is king," the mantra runs. This image creates the conception of the Internet as most of us envision it: a vast, horizontal labyrinth of pages which connect almost arbitrarily to each other, creating a system believed to be "democratic" in which anyone can publish Web pages. I am proposing a new, vertical and hierarchical conception of the Web, observing the fact that almost everyone searching for information on the Web has to go through filter Web sites of some sort, such as search engines, to find it. The Albert Einstein Online Web site provides a paradigm for this re-conceptualization of the Web, based on a distinction between the wealth of information and that which organizes it and frames the viewers' conceptions of the information. This emphasis on organization implies that we need a new metaphor for the Internet; the hierarchical "Tree" would be more appropriate organizationally than a chaotic "Web." This metaphor needs to be changed because the current one implies an anarchic and random nature to the Web, and this implication may turn off potential Netizens, who can be scared off by such overwhelming anarchy and the difficulty of finding information.

Solving Accessibility and Other Problems in School and Classroom Web Sites

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleborne D. Maddux
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Special Educators ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

The Internet and the World Wide Web are growing at unprecedented rates. More and more teachers are authoring school or classroom web pages. Such pages have particular potential for use in rural areas by special educators, children with special needs, and the parents of children with special needs. The quality of many of these pages leaves much to be desired. All web pages, especially those authored by special educators should be accessible for people with disabilities. Many other problems complicate use of the web for all users, whether or not they have disabilities. By taking some simple steps, beginning webmasters can avoid these problems. This article discusses practical solutions to common accessibility problems and other problems seen commonly on the web.

Interactive Proxy for URL Correction

2011 ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Kai-Hsiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Proxy Servers ◽  
Personal Favorite ◽  
The World ◽  
Cache Miss ◽  
The Web

This chapter will address the issues of Uniform Resource Locator (URL) correction techniques in proxy servers. The proxy servers are more and more important in the World Wide Web (WWW), and they provide Web page caches for browsing the Web pages quickly, and also reduce unnecessary network traffic. Traditional proxy servers use the URL to identify their cache, and it is a cache-miss when the request URL is non-existent in its caches. However, for general users, there must be some regularity and scope in browsing the Web. It would be very convenient for users when they do not need to enter the whole long URL, or if they still could see the Web content even though they forgot some part of the URL, especially for those personal favorite Web sites. We will introduce one URL correction mechanism into the personal proxy server to achieve this goal.

Internet Search Engines

2011 ◽  
pp. 672-677
Author(s):  
Vijay Kasi ◽  
Radhika Jain
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Page ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

In the context of the Internet, a search engine can be defined as a software program designed to help one access information, documents, and other content on the World Wide Web. The adoption and growth of the Internet in the last decade has been unprecedented. The World Wide Web has always been applauded for its simplicity and ease of use. This is evident looking at the extent of the knowledge one requires to build a Web page. The flexible nature of the Internet has enabled the rapid growth and adoption of it, making it hard to search for relevant information on the Web. The number of Web pages has been increasing at an astronomical pace, from around 2 million registered domains in 1995 to 233 million registered domains in 2004 (Consortium, 2004). The Internet, considered a distributed database of information, has the CRUD (create, retrieve, update, and delete) rule applied to it. While the Internet has been effective at creating, updating, and deleting content, it has considerably lacked in enabling the retrieval of relevant information. After all, there is no point in having a Web page that has little or no visibility on the Web. Since the 1990s when the first search program was released, we have come a long way in terms of searching for information. Although we are currently witnessing a tremendous growth in search engine technology, the growth of the Internet has overtaken it, leading to a state in which the existing search engine technology is falling short. When we apply the metrics of relevance, rigor, efficiency, and effectiveness to the search domain, it becomes very clear that we have progressed on the rigor and efficiency metrics by utilizing abundant computing power to produce faster searches with a lot of information. Rigor and efficiency are evident in the large number of indexed pages by the leading search engines (Barroso, Dean, & Holzle, 2003). However, more research needs to be done to address the relevance and effectiveness metrics. Users typically type in two to three keywords when searching, only to end up with a search result having thousands of Web pages! This has made it increasingly hard to effectively find any useful, relevant information. Search engines face a number of challenges today requiring them to perform rigorous searches with relevant results efficiently so that they are effective. These challenges include the following (“Search Engines,” 2004). 1. The Web is growing at a much faster rate than any present search engine technology can index. 2. Web pages are updated frequently, forcing search engines to revisit them periodically. 3. Dynamically generated Web sites may be slow or difficult to index, or may result in excessive results from a single Web site. 4. Many dynamically generated Web sites are not able to be indexed by search engines. 5. The commercial interests of a search engine can interfere with the order of relevant results the search engine shows. 6. Content that is behind a firewall or that is password protected is not accessible to search engines (such as those found in several digital libraries).1 7. Some Web sites have started using tricks such as spamdexing and cloaking to manipulate search engines to display them as the top results for a set of keywords. This can make the search results polluted, with more relevant links being pushed down in the result list. This is a result of the popularity of Web searches and the business potential search engines can generate today. 8. Search engines index all the content of the Web without any bounds on the sensitivity of information. This has raised a few security and privacy flags. With the above background and challenges in mind, we lay out the article as follows. In the next section, we begin with a discussion of search engine evolution. To facilitate the examination and discussion of the search engine development’s progress, we break down this discussion into the three generations of search engines. Figure 1 depicts this evolution pictorially and highlights the need for better search engine technologies. Next, we present a brief discussion on the contemporary state of search engine technology and various types of content searches available today. With this background, the next section documents various concerns about existing search engines setting the stage for better search engine technology. These concerns include information overload, relevance, representation, and categorization. Finally, we briefly address the research efforts under way to alleviate these concerns and then present our conclusion.

scholarly journals A Simulation of the Structure of the World-Wide Web

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Boudourides ◽  
Gerasimos Antypas
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Small Worlds ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
The World

In this paper we are presenting a simple simulation of the Internet World-Wide Web, where one observes the appearance of web pages belonging to different web sites, covering a number of different thematic topics and possessing links to other web pages. The goal of our simulation is to reproduce the form of the observed World-Wide Web and of its growth, using a small number of simple assumptions. In our simulation, existing web pages may generate new ones as follows: First, each web page is equipped with a topic concerning its contents. Second, links between web pages are established according to common topics. Next, new web pages may be randomly generated and subsequently they might be equipped with a topic and be assigned to web sites. By repeated iterations of these rules, our simulation appears to exhibit the observed structure of the World-Wide Web and, in particular, a power law type of growth. In order to visualise the network of web pages, we have followed N. Gilbert's (1997) methodology of scientometric simulation, assuming that web pages can be represented by points in the plane. Furthermore, the simulated graph is found to possess the property of small worlds, as it is the case with a large number of other complex networks.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF DESIGN ASPECTS OF WEB PAGE BY HTML PARSER

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Satinder Kaur ◽  
Sunil Gupta
Keyword(s):  
User Interaction ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Automated Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Web

Inform plays a very important role in life and nowadays, the world largely depends on the World Wide Web to obtain any information. Web comprises of a lot of websites of every discipline, whereas websites consists of web pages which are interlinked with each other with the help of hyperlinks. The success of a website largely depends on the design aspects of the web pages. Researchers have done a lot of work to appraise the web pages quantitatively. Keeping in mind the importance of the design aspects of a web page, this paper aims at the design of an automated evaluation tool which evaluate the aspects for any web page. The tool takes the HTML code of the web page as input, and then it extracts and checks the HTML tags for the uniformity. The tool comprises of normalized modules which quantify the measures of design aspects. For realization, the tool has been applied on four web pages of distinct sites and design aspects have been reported for comparison. The tool will have various advantages for web developers who can predict the design quality of web pages and enhance it before and after implementation of website without user interaction.

The Semantic Web and Its Entanglements

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Mccarthy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Assemblage Theory ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

The web of linked data, otherwise known as the semantic web, is a system in which information is structured and interlinked to provide meaningful content to artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. As the complex interactions between digital personae and these algorithms mediate access to information, it becomes necessary to understand how these classification and knowledge systems are developed. What are the processes by which those systems come to represent the world, and how are the controversies that arise in their creation, overcome? As a global form, the semantic web is an assemblage of many interlinked classification and knowledge systems, which are themselves assemblages. Through the perspectives of global assemblage theory, critical code studies and practice theory, I analyse netnographic data of one such assemblage. Schema.org is but one component of the larger global assemblage of the semantic web, and as such is an emergent articulation of different knowledges, interests and networks of actors. This articulation comes together to tame the profusion of things, seeking stability in representation, but in the process, it faces and produces more instability. Furthermore, this production of instability contributes to the emergence of new assemblages that have similar aims.

Web 2.0 and Beyond-Participation Culture on the Web

2009 ◽  
pp. 1537-1544
Author(s):  
August-Wilhelm Scheer
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Server Side ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Internet Connections ◽  
The Web

The emergence of what we call today the World Wide Web, the WWW, or simply the Web, dates back to 1989 when Tim Berners-Lee proposed a hypertext system to manage information overload at CERN, Switzerland (Berners-Lee, 1989). This article outlines how his approaches evolved into the Web that drives today’s information society and explores its full potentials still ahead. The formerly known wide-area hypertext information retrieval initiative quickly gained momentum due to the fast adoption of graphical browser programs and standardization activities of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). In the beginning, based only on the standards of HTML, HTTP, and URL, the sites provided by the Web were static, meaning the information stayed unchanged until the original publisher decided for an update. For a long time, the WWW, today referred to as Web 1.0, was understood as a technical mean to publish information to a vast audience across time and space. Data was kept locally and Web sites were only occasionally updated by uploading files from the client to the Web server. Application software was limited to local desktops and operated only on local data. With the advent of dynamic concepts on server-side (script languages like hypertext preprocessor (PHP) or Perl and Web applications with JSP or ASP) and client-side (e.g., JavaScript), the WWW became more dynamic. Server-side content management systems (CMS) allowed editing Web sites via the browser during run-time. These systems interact with multiple users through PHP-interfaces that push information into server-side databases (e.g., mySQL) which again feed Web sites with content. Thus, the Web became accessible and editable not only for programmers and “techies” but also for the common user. Yet, technological limitations such as slow Internet connections, consumer-unfriendly Internet rates, and poor multimedia support still inhibited a mass-usage of the Web. It needed broad-band Internet access, flat rates, and digitalized media processing to catch on.

Courts on the Web in Russia

E-Justice ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Alexei Trochev
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Judicial Administration ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Web

When the Internet reached Russia in the mid- 1990s, Russian judicial chiefs actively embraced the idea of having a solid presence of national judiciary on the Web. To judges, having court Web sites would improve public awarenessabout Russian courts and relieve overloaded court clerks from answering mundane questions about the location of courthouses, hours of work, schedule of hearings, court forms, and so on. However, the chronic underfinancing of Russian courts in the 1990s and the decentralized nature of the Russian judiciary made the creation and the maintenance of the lower courts’ Web sites much more sporadic. Improving public awareness about Russian courts is a priority for Russian judges, who increasingly issue impartial decisions yet atthe same time face growing public skepticism about judicial performance (Solomon, 2003, 2004; Trochev, 2006). As the growing number of studies of the information and communication technologies (ICT) in courthouses around the world show, computerized courts can both speed up the administration of justice and strengthen public trust in the judicial system (Bueno, Ribeiro, & Hoeschl, 2003; Dalal, 2005; Fabri & Contini, 2001; Fabri & Langbroek, 2000; Fabri, Jean, Langbroek, & Pauliat, 2005; Langbroek & Fabri, 2004; Oskamp, Lodder, & Apistola, 2004; Valentini, 2003; Malik, 2002). Indeed, as the recent research demonstrates, those who know something about the courts: either about court procedures or about court-ordered public policies, tend to trust the judiciary and to comply with court decisions (Baird, 2001; Gibson, Caldeira., & Baird, 1998; Kritzer & Voelker, 1998; Tyler & Mitchell, 1994; Tyler, Boeckmann, Smith, & Huo, 1997). This article focuses on the Web sites of Russian courts as the virtual gateways in the world of judicial administration (Trochev, 2002) and discusses challenges of adapting Russian court Web sites to the needs of various users of judicial system: judges themselves, law-enforcement agencies, actual litigants, general public and scholars (Toharia, 2003).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document